spaCy is a library for advanced natural language processing in Python and Cython. spaCy is built on the very latest research, but it isn't researchware. It was designed from day one to be used in real products. spaCy currently supports English, German, French and Spanish, as well as tokenization for Italian, Portuguese, Dutch, Swedish, Finnish, Norwegian, Hungarian, Bengali, Hebrew, Chinese and Japanese. It's commercial open-source software, released under the MIT license.
⭐️ Test spaCy v2.0.0 alpha and the new models! Read the release notes.
💫 Version 1.9 out now! Read the release notes here.
| Usage Workflows | How to use spaCy and its features. |
| API Reference | The detailed reference for spaCy's API. |
| Troubleshooting | Common problems and solutions for beginners. |
| Tutorials | End-to-end examples, with code you can modify and run. |
| Showcase & Demos | Demos, libraries and products from the spaCy community. |
| Contribute | How to contribute to the spaCy project and code base. |
Please understand that we won't be able to provide individual support via email. We also believe that help is much more valuable if it's shared publicly, so that more people can benefit from it.
| Bug reports | GitHub issue tracker |
| Usage questions | StackOverflow, Gitter chat, Reddit user group |
| General discussion | Gitter chat, Reddit user group |
- Non-destructive tokenization
- Syntax-driven sentence segmentation
- Pre-trained word vectors
- Part-of-speech tagging
- Named entity recognition
- Labelled dependency parsing
- Convenient string-to-int mapping
- Export to numpy data arrays
- GIL-free multi-threading
- Efficient binary serialization
- Easy deep learning integration
- Statistical models for English, German, French and Spanish
- State-of-the-art speed
- Robust, rigorously evaluated accuracy
See facts, figures and benchmarks.
- Fastest in the world: <50ms per document. No faster system has ever been announced.
- Accuracy within 1% of the current state of the art on all tasks performed (parsing, named entity recognition, part-of-speech tagging). The only more accurate systems are an order of magnitude slower or more.
| Operating system | macOS / OS X, Linux, Windows (Cygwin, MinGW, Visual Studio) |
| Python version | CPython 2.6, 2.7, 3.3+. Only 64 bit. |
| Package managers | pip (source packages only), conda (via conda-forge) |
Installation requires a working build environment. See notes on Ubuntu, macOS/OS X and Windows for details.
Using pip, spaCy releases are currently only available as source packages.
pip install -U spacyWhen using pip it is generally recommended to install packages in a virtualenv
to avoid modifying system state:
virtualenv .env
source .env/bin/activate
pip install spacyThanks to our great community, we've finally re-added conda support. You can now
install spaCy via conda-forge:
conda config --add channels conda-forge
conda install spacyFor the feedstock including the build recipe and configuration, check out this repository. Improvements and pull requests to the recipe and setup are always appreciated.
As of v1.7.0, models for spaCy can be installed as Python packages.
This means that they're a component of your application, just like any
other module. They're versioned and can be defined as a dependency in your
requirements.txt. Models can be installed from a download URL or
a local directory, manually or via pip. Their data can be located anywhere on
your file system. To make a model available to spaCy, all you need to do is
create a "shortcut link", an internal alias that tells spaCy where to find the
data files for a specific model name.
| spaCy Models | Available models, latest releases and direct download. |
| Models Documentation | Detailed usage instructions. |
# out-of-the-box: download best-matching default model
python -m spacy download en
# download best-matching version of specific model for your spaCy installation
python -m spacy download en_core_web_md
# pip install .tar.gz archive from path or URL
pip install /Users/you/en_core_web_md-1.2.0.tar.gz
pip install https://github.com/explosion/spacy-models/releases/download/en_core_web_md-1.2.0/en_core_web_md-1.2.0.tar.gz
# set up shortcut link to load installed package as "en_default"
python -m spacy link en_core_web_md en_default
# set up shortcut link to load local model as "my_amazing_model"
python -m spacy link /Users/you/data my_amazing_modelTo load a model, use spacy.load() with the model's shortcut link:
import spacy
nlp = spacy.load('en_default')
doc = nlp(u'This is a sentence.')If you've installed a model via pip, you can also import it directly and
then call its load() method with no arguments. This should also work for
older models in previous versions of spaCy.
import spacy
import en_core_web_md
nlp = en_core_web_md.load()
doc = nlp(u'This is a sentence.')📖 For more info and examples, check out the models documentation.
If you're using an older version (v1.6.0 or below), you can still download and
install the old models from within spaCy using python -m spacy.en.download all
or python -m spacy.de.download all. The .tar.gz archives are also
attached to the v1.6.0 release.
To download and install the models manually, unpack the archive, drop the
contained directory into spacy/data and load the model via spacy.load('en')
or spacy.load('de').
The other way to install spaCy is to clone its GitHub repository and build it from source. That is the common way if you want to make changes to the code base. You'll need to make sure that you have a development enviroment consisting of a Python distribution including header files, a compiler, pip, virtualenv and git installed. The compiler part is the trickiest. How to do that depends on your system. See notes on Ubuntu, OS X and Windows for details.
# make sure you are using recent pip/virtualenv versions
python -m pip install -U pip virtualenv
git clone https://github.com/explosion/spaCy
cd spaCy
virtualenv .env
source .env/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
pip install -e .Compared to regular install via pip requirements.txt additionally installs developer dependencies such as Cython.
Instead of the above verbose commands, you can also use the following Fabric commands:
fab env |
Create virtualenv and delete previous one, if it exists. |
fab make |
Compile the source. |
fab clean |
Remove compiled objects, including the generated C++. |
fab test |
Run basic tests, aborting after first failure. |
All commands assume that your virtualenv is located in a directory .env.
If you're using a different directory, you can change it via the environment
variable VENV_DIR, for example:
VENV_DIR=".custom-env" fab clean makeInstall system-level dependencies via apt-get:
sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev gitInstall a recent version of XCode, including the so-called "Command Line Tools". macOS and OS X ship with Python and git preinstalled.
Install a version of Visual Studio Express or higher that matches the version that was used to compile your Python interpreter. For official distributions these are VS 2008 (Python 2.7), VS 2010 (Python 3.4) and VS 2015 (Python 3.5).
spaCy comes with an extensive test suite. First, find out where spaCy is installed:
python -c "import os; import spacy; print(os.path.dirname(spacy.__file__))"Then run pytest on that directory. The flags --vectors, --slow
and --model are optional and enable additional tests:
# make sure you are using recent pytest version
python -m pip install -U pytest
python -m pytest <spacy-directory> --vectors --models --slow| Version | Date | Description |
|---|---|---|
| v1.9.0 | 2017-07-22 |
Spanish model, alpha support for Norwegian & Japanese, and bug fixes |
| v1.8.2 | 2017-04-26 |
French model and small improvements |
| v1.8.1 | 2017-04-23 |
Saving, loading and training bug fixes |
| v1.8.0 | 2017-04-16 |
Better NER training, saving and loading |
| v1.7.5 | 2017-04-07 |
Bug fixes and new CLI commands |
| v1.7.3 | 2017-03-26 |
Alpha support for Hebrew, new CLI commands and bug fixes |
| v1.7.2 | 2017-03-20 |
Small fixes to beam parser and model linking |
| v1.7.1 | 2017-03-19 |
Fix data download for system installation |
| v1.7.0 | 2017-03-18 |
New 50 MB model, CLI, better downloads and lots of bug fixes |
| v1.6.0 | 2017-01-16 |
Improvements to tokenizer and tests |
| v1.5.0 | 2016-12-27 |
Alpha support for Swedish and Hungarian |
| v1.4.0 | 2016-12-18 |
Improved language data and alpha Dutch support |
| v1.3.0 | 2016-12-03 |
Improve API consistency |
| v1.2.0 | 2016-11-04 |
Alpha tokenizers for Chinese, French, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese |
| v1.1.0 | 2016-10-23 |
Bug fixes and adjustments |
| v1.0.0 | 2016-10-18 |
Support for deep learning workflows and entity-aware rule matcher |
| v0.101.0 | 2016-05-10 |
Fixed German model |
| v0.100.7 | 2016-05-05 |
German support |
| v0.100.6 | 2016-03-08 |
Add support for GloVe vectors |
| v0.100.5 | 2016-02-07 |
Fix incorrect use of header file |
| v0.100.4 | 2016-02-07 |
Fix OSX problem introduced in 0.100.3 |
| v0.100.3 | 2016-02-06 |
Multi-threading, faster loading and bugfixes |
| v0.100.2 | 2016-01-21 |
Fix data version lock |
| v0.100.1 | 2016-01-21 |
Fix install for OSX |
| v0.100 | 2016-01-19 |
Revise setup.py, better model downloads, bug fixes |
| v0.99 | 2015-11-08 |
Improve span merging, internal refactoring |
| v0.98 | 2015-11-03 |
Smaller package, bug fixes |
| v0.97 | 2015-10-23 |
Load the StringStore from a json list, instead of a text file |
| v0.96 | 2015-10-19 |
Hotfix to .merge method |
| v0.95 | 2015-10-18 |
Bug fixes |
| v0.94 | 2015-10-09 |
Fix memory and parse errors |
| v0.93 | 2015-09-22 |
Bug fixes to word vectors |