The Dactyl-ManuForm Keyboard

This is a fork of the Dactyl, a parameterized, split-hand, concave, columnar, ergonomic keyboard.

The main change is that the thumb cluster was adapted from the ManuForm keyboard (geekhack). The walls were changed to just drop to the floor. The keyboard is paramaterized to allow adjusting the following:

• Rows: 4 - 6
• Columns: 5 and up
• Row curvature
• Column curvature
• Row tilt (tenting)
• Column tilt
• Column offsets
• Height

The default has a bit more tenting than the Dactyl.

Models ready for 3d printing of the most common configurations are available in the things/ directory (4x5, 4x6, 5x6, and 6x6).

Changes from tshort/Dactyl-ManuForm

• Removed the side-nubs in the switch holes to make the case compatible with Kailh (and similar switches) that don't have the notch for the nubs
• Removed the teensy holder and wire posts, since they supposedly increase printing time by a lot (and I don't have any use for them)
• Included screw hole-, rj9 connector-, and usb hole-fixes as suggested by jmg123 over at Geekhack

The things/*.stl-files have not been updated (yet), so you have to follow the procedure below to generate the new files. I will update this at a later stage.

Assembly

• Pregenerated STL files are available in the things/ directory, so just use those if you want any of the default configurations (4x5, 4x6, 5x6, and 6x6).

Generating a custom model

Setting up the Clojure environment

• Install the Clojure runtime
• Install the Leiningen project manager
• Install OpenSCAD

On Debian-based Linux distributions you can set up the environment with a couple of commands

• Install Java version 8 if you do not have it
• • apt-get install openjdk-8-jre
• Download the lein script
• Place it on your $PATH where your shell can find it (eg. ~/bin)
• Set it to be executable (chmod a+x ~/bin/lein)
• Run lein once and it will download the self-install package
• Install OpenSCAD
• • apt-get install openscad

Generating the design

• Open a command window/terminal in the dactyl-manuform-keyboard directory
• Run lein repl
• Load the file (load-file "src/dactyl_keyboard/dactyl.clj")
• This will regenerate the things/*.scad files
• Use OpenSCAD to open a .scad file.
• Make changes to design, repeat load-file, OpenSCAD will watch for changes and rerender.
• When done, use OpenSCAD to export STL files

Tips

• Some other ways to evaluate the clojure design file
• Example designing with clojure

Printing

Pregenerated STL files are available in the things/ directory. When a model is generated, it also generates a .scad model for a bottom plate. This can be exported to a DXF file in OpenSCAD. The things/ directory also has DXF files for the bottom plate. When laser cut, some of the inside cuts will need to be removed.

This model can be tricky to print. It's wide, so I've had problems with PLA on a Makerbot with edges warping. This can cause the printer to think its head is jammed. Even if it successfully prints, warping can cause problems. On one print, the RJ-9 holder was squished, so I had to cut down my connector to fit.

If printed at Shapeways or other professional shops, I would not expect such problems.

Wiring

Here are materials I used for wiring.

• Two Arduino Pro Micros
• Heat-set inserts
• M3 wafer-head screws, 5mm
• Copper tape
• #32 magnet wire
• #30 wire
• 3-mm cast acrylic
• Veroboard stripboard
• 1N4148 diodes
• Female RJ-9 connectors

I wired one half using the traditional approach of using the legs of a diode to form the row connections. (I'm not great at soldering, so this was challenging for me.) For this side, I used magnet wire to wire columns. That worked okay. The magnet wire is small enough, it wants to move around, and it's hard to tell if you have a good connection.

For another half, I used stripboard for the row connections. This allowed me to presolder all of the diodes. Then, I hot-glued this in place and finished the soldering of the other diode ends. I like this approach quite a lot. Connections for the diodes were much easier with one end fixed down. On this half, I also used copper tape to connect columns. This worked a bit better than the magnet wire for me. For a future version, I may try just bare tinned copper wire for columns (something like #20). With the stripboard, it's pretty easy keeping row and column connections separate.

Note that a telephone handset cable has leads that are reversed, so take this into account when connecting these leads to the controller.

The 3D printed part is the main keyboard. You can attach a bottom plate with screws. The case has holes for heat-set inserts designed to hold 3- to 6-mm long M3 screws. Then, I used wafer-head screws to connect a bottom plate. If wires aren't dangling, a bottom plate may not be needed. You need something on the bottom to keep the keyboard from sliding around. Without a plate, you could use a rubber pad, or you could dip the bottom of the keyboard in PlastiDip.

For more photos of the first complete wiring of v0.4, see here.

This is how the rows/columns wire to the keys and the ProMicro

Alternative row-driven wiring diagram for ProMicro:

NOTE: you also make sure the firmware is set up correctly (ex: change row pins with col pins)

Firmware

Firmware goes hand in hand with how you wire the circuit. I adapted the QMK firmware here. This allows each side to work separately or together. This site also shows connections for the Arduino Pro Micro controllers.

License

Copyright © 2015-2017 Matthew Adereth and Tom Short

The source code for generating the models (everything excluding the things/ and resources/ directories is distributed under the GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 3. The generated models and PCB designs are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License Version 3.0.