Entropia File System Watcher

efsw is a C++ cross-platform file system watcher and notifier.

efsw monitors the file system asynchronously for changes to files and directories by watching a list of specified paths, and raises events when a directory or file change.

efsw supports recursive directories watch, tracking the entire sub directory tree.

efsw currently supports the following platforms:

• Linux via inotify

• Windows via I/O Completion Ports

• Mac OS X via FSEvents or kqueue

• FreeBSD/BSD via kqueue

• OS-independent generic watcher (polling the disk for directory snapshots and comparing them periodically)

If any of the backend fails to start by any reason, it will fallback to the OS-independent implementation. This should never happen, except for the Kqueue implementation, see Platform limitations and clarifications.

Code License

MIT License

Some example code:

:::c++
// Inherits from the abstract listener class, and implements the the file action handler
class UpdateListener : public efsw::FileWatchListener
{
public:
	UpdateListener() {}

	void handleFileAction( efsw::WatchID watchid, const std::string& dir, const std::string& filename, efsw::Action action, std::string oldFilename = "" )
	{
		switch( action )
		{
		case efsw::Actions::Add:
			std::cout << "DIR (" << dir << ") FILE (" << filename << ") has event Added" << std::endl;
			break;
		case efsw::Actions::Delete:
			std::cout << "DIR (" << dir << ") FILE (" << filename << ") has event Delete" << std::endl;
			break;
		case efsw::Actions::Modified:
			std::cout << "DIR (" << dir << ") FILE (" << filename << ") has event Modified" << std::endl;
			break;
		case efsw::Actions::Moved:
				std::cout << "DIR (" << dir << ") FILE (" << filename << ") has event Moved from (" << oldFilename << ")" << std::endl;
			break;
		default:
			std::cout << "Should never happen!" << std::endl;
		}
	}
};

// Create the file system watcher instance
// efsw::FileWatcher allow a first boolean parameter that indicates if it should start with the generic file watcher instead of the platform specific backend
efsw::FileWatcher * fileWatcher = new efsw::FileWatcher();

// Create the instance of your efsw::FileWatcherListener implementation
UpdateListener * listener = new UpdateListener();

// Add a folder to watch, and get the efsw::WatchID
// It will watch the /tmp folder recursively ( the third parameter indicates that is recursive )
// Reporting the files and directories changes to the instance of the listener
efsw::WatchID watchID = fileWatcher->addWatch( "/tmp", listener, true );

// Adds another directory to watch. This time as non-recursive.
efsw::WatchID watchID2 = fileWatcher->addWatch( "/usr", listener, false );

// Start watching asynchronously the directories
fileWatcher.watch();

// Remove the second watcher added
// You can also call removeWatch by passing the watch path ( it must end with an slash or backslash in windows, since that's how internally it's saved )
fileWatcher->removeWatch( watchID2 );

Dependencies

None :)

Compiling

To generate project files you will need to download and install Premake

Then you can generate the project for your platform just going to the project directory where the premake4.lua file is located and then execute:

premake4 gmake to generate project Makefiles, then cd make/*YOURPLATFORM*/, and finally make or make config=release ( it will generate the static lib, the shared lib and the test application ).

or

premake4 vs2010 to generate Visual Studio 2010 project.

or

premake4 xcode4 to generate Xcode 4 project.

There is also a cmake file that i don't oficially support but it works just fine, provided by Mohammed Nafees.

Platform limitations and clarifications

Directory paths are expected to be encoded as UTF-8 strings in all platforms.

handleFileAction returns UTF-8 strings in all platforms.

Windows and FSEvents Mac OS X implementation can't follow symlinks ( it will ignore followSymlinks() and allowOutOfScopeLinks() ).

Kqueue implementation is limited by the maximun number of file descriptors allowed per process by the OS, in the case of reaching the file descriptors limit ( in BSD around 18000 and in OS X around 10240 ) it will fallback to the generic file watcher.

OS X will only use Kqueue if OS X version is below to 10.5, and this implementation needs to be compiled separately from the OS X >= 10.5 implementation. Since there's no way to compile FSEvents backend in OS X below 10.5.

FSEvents for OS X Lion and beyond in some cases will generate more actions that in reality ocurred, since fine-grained implementation of FSEvents doesn't give the order of the actions retrieved, in some cases i need to guess/aproximate the order of them.

Generic watcher relies on the inode information to detect file and directories renames/move. Since Windows has no concept of inodes as Unix platforms do, there is no current reliable way of determining file/directory movement on Windows without help from the Windows API ( this is replaced with Add/Delete events ).

Linux versions below 2.6.13 are not supported, since inotify wasn't implemented yet. I'm not interested in support older kernels, since i don't see the point. If someone needs this open an issue in the issue tracker and i may consider implenent a dnotify backend.

OS-independent watcher, Kqueue and FSEvents for OS X below 10.5 keep cache of the directories structures, to be able to detect changes in the directories. This means that there's a memory overhead for this backends.

Useful information

The project also comes with a C API wrapper, contributed by Sepul Sepehr Taghdisian.

There's a string manipulation class not exposed in the efsw header ( efsw::String ) that can be used to make string encoding conversion.

Clarifications

This software started as a fork of the simplefilewatcher by James Wynn (james[at]jameswynn.com), MIT licensed.

The icon used for the project is part of the Haiku®'s Icons, MIT licensed.