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Larry Wall
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a "replacement" for awk and sed
[ Perl is kind of designed to make awk and sed semi-obsolete. This posting will include the first 10 patches after the main source. The following description is lifted from Larry's manpage. --r$ ] Perl is a interpreted language optimized for scanning arbitrary text files, extracting information from those text files, and printing reports based on that information. It's also a good language for many system management tasks. The language is intended to be practical (easy to use, efficient, complete) rather than beautiful (tiny, elegant, minimal). It combines (in the author's opinion, anyway) some of the best features of C, sed, awk, and sh, so people familiar with those languages should have little difficulty with it. (Language historians will also note some vestiges of csh, Pascal, and even BASIC-PLUS.) Expression syntax corresponds quite closely to C expression syntax. If you have a problem that would ordinarily use sed or awk or sh, but it exceeds their capabilities or must run a little faster, and you don't want to write the silly thing in C, then perl may be for you. There are also translators to turn your sed and awk scripts into perl scripts.
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‎Configure

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‎EXTERN.h

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/* $Header: EXTERN.h,v 1.0 87/12/18 13:02:26 root Exp $
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*
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* $Log: EXTERN.h,v $
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* Revision 1.0 87/12/18 13:02:26 root
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* Initial revision
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*
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*/
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#undef EXT
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#define EXT extern
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#undef INIT
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#define INIT(x)
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#undef DOINIT

‎INTERN.h

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/* $Header: INTERN.h,v 1.0 87/12/18 13:02:39 root Exp $
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*
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* $Log: INTERN.h,v $
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* Revision 1.0 87/12/18 13:02:39 root
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* Initial revision
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*
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*/
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#undef EXT
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#define EXT
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#undef INIT
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#define INIT(x) = x
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#define DOINIT

‎MANIFEST

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After all the perl kits are run you should have the following files:
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Filename Kit Description
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-------- --- -----------
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Configure 6 Run this first
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EXTERN.h 10 Included before foreign .h files
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INTERN.h 10 Included before domestic .h files
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MANIFEST 8 This list of files
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Makefile.SH 4 Precursor to Makefile
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README 1 The Instructions
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Wishlist 10 Some things that may or may not happen
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arg.c 3 Expression evaluation
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arg.h 8 Public declarations for the above
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array.c 6 Numerically subscripted arrays
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array.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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cmd.c 7 Command interpreter
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cmd.h 9 Public declarations for the above
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config.H 9 Sample config.h
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config.h.SH 9 Produces config.h.
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dump.c 8 Debugging output
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form.c 8 Format processing
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form.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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handy.h 10 Handy definitions
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hash.c 9 Associative arrays
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hash.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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makedepend.SH 9 Precursor to makedepend
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makedir.SH 10 Precursor to makedir
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malloc.c 7 A version of malloc you might not want
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patchlevel.h 1 The current patch level of perl
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perl.h 9 Global declarations
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perl.man.1 5 The manual page(s), first half
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perl.man.2 4 The manual page(s), second half
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perl.y 5 Yacc grammar for perl
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perly.c 2 The perl compiler
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search.c 6 String matching
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search.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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spat.h 10 Search pattern declarations
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stab.c 8 Symbol table stuff
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stab.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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str.c 4 String handling package
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str.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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t/README 10 Instructions for regression tests
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t/TEST 10 The regression tester
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t/base.cond 10 See if conditionals work
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t/base.if 10 See if if works
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t/base.lex 10 See if lexical items work
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t/base.pat 10 See if pattern matching works
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t/base.term 10 See if various terms work
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t/cmd.elsif 10 See if else-if works
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t/cmd.for 10 See if for loops work
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t/cmd.mod 10 See if statement modifiers work
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t/cmd.subval 10 See if subroutine values work
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t/cmd.while 7 See if while loops work
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t/comp.cmdopt 9 See if command optimization works
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t/comp.cpp 10 See if C preprocessor works
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t/comp.decl 10 See if declarations work
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t/comp.multiline 10 See if multiline strings work
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t/comp.script 10 See if script invokation works
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t/comp.term 10 See if more terms work
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t/io.argv 10 See if ARGV stuff works
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t/io.fs 5 See if directory manipulations work
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t/io.inplace 10 See if inplace editing works
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t/io.print 10 See if print commands work
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t/io.tell 10 See if file seeking works
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t/op.append 10 See if . works
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t/op.auto 9 See if autoincrement et all work
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t/op.chop 10 See if chop works
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t/op.cond 10 See if conditional expressions work
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t/op.crypt 10 See if crypt works
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t/op.do 10 See if subroutines work
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t/op.each 10 See if associative iterators work
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t/op.exec 10 See if exec and system work
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t/op.exp 10 See if math functions work
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t/op.flip 10 See if range operator works
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t/op.fork 10 See if fork works
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t/op.goto 10 See if goto works
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t/op.int 10 See if int works
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t/op.join 10 See if join works
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t/op.list 10 See if array lists work
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t/op.magic 10 See if magic variables work
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t/op.oct 10 See if oct and hex work
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t/op.ord 10 See if ord works
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t/op.pat 9 See if esoteric patterns work
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t/op.push 7 See if push and pop work
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t/op.repeat 10 See if x operator works
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t/op.sleep 6 See if sleep works
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t/op.split 10 See if split works
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t/op.sprintf 10 See if sprintf work
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t/op.stat 10 See if stat work
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t/op.subst 10 See if substitutions work
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t/op.time 10 See if time functions work
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t/op.unshift 10 See if unshift works
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util.c 9 Utility routines
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util.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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version.c 10 Prints version of perl
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x2p/EXTERN.h 10 Same as above
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x2p/INTERN.h 10 Same as above
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x2p/Makefile.SH 9 Precursor to Makefile
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x2p/a2p.h 8 Global declarations
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x2p/a2p.man 8 Manual page for awk to perl translator
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x2p/a2p.y 8 A yacc grammer for awk
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x2p/a2py.c 7 Awk compiler, sort of
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x2p/handy.h 10 Handy definitions
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x2p/hash.c 9 Associative arrays again
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x2p/hash.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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x2p/s2p 1 Sed to perl translator
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x2p/s2p.man 10 Manual page for sed to perl translator
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x2p/str.c 7 String handling package
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x2p/str.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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x2p/util.c 9 Utility routines
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x2p/util.h 10 Public declarations for the above
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x2p/walk.c 1 Parse tree walker

‎Makefile.SH

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case $CONFIG in
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'')
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if test ! -f config.sh; then
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ln ../config.sh . || \
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ln ../../config.sh . || \
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ln ../../../config.sh . || \
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(echo "Can't find config.sh."; exit 1)
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fi
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. config.sh
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;;
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esac
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case "$0" in
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*/*) cd `expr X$0 : 'X\(.*\)/'` ;;
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esac
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echo "Extracting Makefile (with variable substitutions)"
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cat >Makefile <<!GROK!THIS!
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# $Header: Makefile.SH,v 1.0 87/12/18 16:11:50 root Exp $
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#
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# $Log: Makefile.SH,v $
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# Revision 1.0 87/12/18 16:11:50 root
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# Initial revision
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#
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# Revision 1.0 87/12/18 16:01:07 root
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# Initial revision
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#
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#
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CC = $cc
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bin = $bin
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lib = $lib
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mansrc = $mansrc
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manext = $manext
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CFLAGS = $ccflags -O
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LDFLAGS = $ldflags
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SMALL = $small
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LARGE = $large $split
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libs = $libnm -lm
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!GROK!THIS!
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cat >>Makefile <<'!NO!SUBS!'
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public = perl
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private =
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manpages = perl.man
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util =
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sh = Makefile.SH makedepend.SH
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h1 = EXTERN.h INTERN.h arg.h array.h cmd.h config.h form.h handy.h
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h2 = hash.h perl.h search.h spat.h stab.h str.h util.h
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h = $(h1) $(h2)
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c1 = arg.c array.c cmd.c dump.c form.c hash.c malloc.c
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c2 = search.c stab.c str.c util.c version.c
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c = $(c1) $(c2)
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obj1 = arg.o array.o cmd.o dump.o form.o hash.o malloc.o
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obj2 = search.o stab.o str.o util.o version.o
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obj = $(obj1) $(obj2)
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lintflags = -phbvxac
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addedbyconf = Makefile.old bsd eunice filexp loc pdp11 usg v7
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# grrr
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SHELL = /bin/sh
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.c.o:
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$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $(LARGE) $*.c
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all: $(public) $(private) $(util)
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touch all
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perl: $(obj) perl.o
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$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(LARGE) $(obj) perl.o $(libs) -o perl
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perl.c: perl.y
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@ echo Expect 2 shift/reduce errors...
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yacc perl.y
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mv y.tab.c perl.c
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perl.o: perl.c perly.c perl.h EXTERN.h search.h util.h INTERN.h handy.h
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$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $(LARGE) perl.c
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# if a .h file depends on another .h file...
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$(h):
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touch $@
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perl.man: perl.man.1 perl.man.2
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cat perl.man.1 perl.man.2 >perl.man
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install: perl perl.man
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# won't work with csh
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export PATH || exit 1
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- mv $(bin)/perl $(bin)/perl.old
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- if test `pwd` != $(bin); then cp $(public) $(bin); fi
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cd $(bin); \
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for pub in $(public); do \
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chmod 755 `basename $$pub`; \
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done
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- test $(bin) = /bin || rm -f /bin/perl
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- test $(bin) = /bin || ln -s $(bin)/perl /bin || cp $(bin)/perl /bin
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# chmod 755 makedir
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# - makedir `filexp $(lib)`
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# - \
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#if test `pwd` != `filexp $(lib)`; then \
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#cp $(private) `filexp $(lib)`; \
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#fi
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# cd `filexp $(lib)`; \
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#for priv in $(private); do \
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#chmod 755 `basename $$priv`; \
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#done
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- if test `pwd` != $(mansrc); then \
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for page in $(manpages); do \
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cp $$page $(mansrc)/`basename $$page .man`.$(manext); \
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done; \
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fi
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clean:
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rm -f *.o
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realclean:
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rm -f perl *.orig */*.orig *.o core $(addedbyconf)
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# The following lint has practically everything turned on. Unfortunately,
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# you have to wade through a lot of mumbo jumbo that can't be suppressed.
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# If the source file has a /*NOSTRICT*/ somewhere, ignore the lint message
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# for that spot.
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lint:
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lint $(lintflags) $(defs) $(c) > perl.fuzz
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depend: makedepend
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makedepend
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test: perl
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chmod 755 t/TEST t/base.* t/comp.* t/cmd.* t/io.* t/op.*
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cd t && (rm -f perl; ln -s ../perl . || ln ../perl .) && TEST
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clist:
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echo $(c) | tr ' ' '\012' >.clist
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hlist:
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echo $(h) | tr ' ' '\012' >.hlist
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shlist:
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echo $(sh) | tr ' ' '\012' >.shlist
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# AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED MAKE DEPENDENCIES--PUT NOTHING BELOW THIS LINE
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$(obj):
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@ echo "You haven't done a "'"make depend" yet!'; exit 1
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makedepend: makedepend.SH
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/bin/sh makedepend.SH
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!NO!SUBS!
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$eunicefix Makefile
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case `pwd` in
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*SH)
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$rm -f ../Makefile
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ln Makefile ../Makefile
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;;
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esac

‎README

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Perl Kit, Version 1.0
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Copyright (c) 1987, Larry Wall
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You may copy the perl kit in whole or in part as long as you don't try to
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make money off it, or pretend that you wrote it.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Perl is a language that combines some of the features of C, sed, awk and shell.
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See the manual page for more hype.
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Perl will probably not run on machines with a small address space.
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Please read all the directions below before you proceed any further, and
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then follow them carefully. Failure to do so may void your warranty. :-)
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After you have unpacked your kit, you should have all the files listed
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in MANIFEST.
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Installation
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1) Run Configure. This will figure out various things about your system.
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Some things Configure will figure out for itself, other things it will
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ask you about. It will then proceed to make config.h, config.sh, and
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Makefile.
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You might possibly have to trim # comments from the front of Configure
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if your sh doesn't handle them, but all other # comments will be taken
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care of.
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(If you don't have sh, you'll have to copy the sample file config.H to
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config.h and edit the config.h to reflect your system's peculiarities.)
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2) Glance through config.h to make sure system dependencies are correct.
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Most of them should have been taken care of by running the Configure script.
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If you have any additional changes to make to the C definitions, they
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can be done in the Makefile, or in config.h. Bear in mind that they will
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get undone next time you run Configure.
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3) make depend
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This will look for all the includes and modify Makefile accordingly.
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Configure will offer to do this for you.
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4) make
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This will attempt to make perl in the current directory.
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5) make test
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This will run the regression tests on the perl you just made.
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If it doesn't say "All tests successful" then something went wrong.
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See the README in the t subdirectory.
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6) make install
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This will put perl into a public directory (normally /usr/local/bin).
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It will also try to put the man pages in a reasonable place. It will not
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nroff the man page, however. You may need to be root to do this. If
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you are not root, you must own the directories in question and you should
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ignore any messages about chown not working.
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7) Read the manual entry before running perl.
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8) Go down to the x2p directory and do a "make depend, a "make" and a
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"make install" to create the awk to perl and sed to perl translators.
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9) IMPORTANT! Help save the world! Communicate any problems and suggested
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patches to me, lwall@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov (Larry Wall), so we can
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keep the world in sync. If you have a problem, there's someone else
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out there who either has had or will have the same problem.
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If possible, send in patches such that the patch program will apply them.
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Context diffs are the best, then normal diffs. Don't send ed scripts--
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I've probably changed my copy since the version you have.
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Watch for perl patches in comp.sources.bugs. Patches will generally be
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in a form usable by the patch program. If you are just now bringing up
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perl and aren't sure how many patches there are, write to me and I'll
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send any you don't have. Your current patch level is shown in patchlevel.h.
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