Add data conversion functions

C++/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -192,3 +192,12 @@ target_link_libraries(disjoint_set test_runner)
 add_executable(binary_search_tree
         test/data_structure/tree/binary_search_tree.cpp)
 target_link_libraries(binary_search_tree test_runner)
+
+# ============================================================================
+# Utilities
+# ============================================================================
+
+# Data conversion
+add_executable(data_conversion
+        test/utils/data_conversion.cpp)
+target_link_libraries(data_conversion test_runner)

C++/include/utils/data_conversion.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+    Data validation
+    ---------------
+    This utility function contains two sub-funtions :
+
+    1) make_upper_case() : converts the characters in a string to upper case .
+
+    2) make_lower_case() : converts the characters in a string to lower case . 
+
+    Time complexity
+    ---------------
+    O(n), where n is the length of the string .
+*/
+
+#ifndef DATA_VALIDATION_HPP
+#define DATA_VALIDATION_HPP
+
+#include <string>
+#define UP_A 65
+#define UP_Z 91
+
+#define LOW_A 97
+#define LOW_Z 122
+
+using std::string;
+
+/*
+    make_upper_case()
+    -----------------
+    This function returns a given string into upper case . 
+    Loop invariant : Iterates through every charachter of the string and convert it to upper case
+
+    Return value
+    ------------
+    string having all the characters in upper case .
+*/
+
+std::string make_upper_case(string str)
+{
+    std::string upper; // defined a string variable to store the convereted string
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
+    {
+        if (str.at(i) >= LOW_A && str.at(i) <= LOW_Z) // checking for the characters that lie between the ASCII values
+        {
+            upper += (str.at(i) - 32); // subtracting 32 to get the character in the range 65 - 97
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            upper += str.at(i);
+        }
+    }
+    return upper; // returning the converted string to upper case
+}
+/*
+    make_lower_case()
+    -----------------
+    This function returns a give string into lower case .
+    Loop invariant : Selects each character and converts it to lower case .
+
+    Return value
+    ------------
+    string having all the characters in lower case .
+*/
+
+std::string make_lower_case(string str)
+{
+    std::string lower; // defined a variable to store the converted the string
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
+    {
+        if (str.at(i) >= UP_A && str.at(i) <= UP_Z) // condition to check if the characters lie in the given ASCII range
+        {
+            lower += (str.at(i) + 32); // adding 32 to convert the characters in lower case
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            lower += str.at(i);
+        }
+    }
+    return lower; // returning the given string in lower case
+}
+
+#endif // DATA_VALIDATION_HPP

C++/include/utils/data_validation.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+    Data validation
+    ---------------
+    This utility function contains two sub-funtions :
+
+    1) make_upper_case() : converts the characters in a string to upper case .
+
+    2) make_lower_case() : converts the characters in a string to lower case . 
+
+    Time complexity
+    ---------------
+    O(n), where n is the length of the string .
+*/
+
+#ifndef DATA_VALIDATION_HPP
+#define DATA_VALIDATION_HPP
+
+#include <string>
+#define UP_A 65
+#define UP_Z 91
+
+#define LOW_A 97
+#define LOW_Z 122
+
+using std::string;
+
+/*
+    make_upper_case()
+    -----------------
+    This function returns a given string into upper case . 
+    Loop invariant : Iterates through every charachter of the string and convert it to upper case
+
+    Return value
+    ------------
+    string having all the characters in upper case .
+*/
+
+std::string make_upper_case(string str)
+{
+    std::string upper; // defined a string variable to store the convereted string
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
+    {
+        if (str.at(i) >= LOW_A && str.at(i) <= LOW_Z) // checking for the characters that lie between the ASCII values
+        {
+            upper += (str.at(i) - 32); // subtracting 32 to get the character in the range 65 - 97
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            upper += str.at(i);
+        }
+    }
+    return upper; // returning the converted string to upper case
+}
+/*
+    make_lower_case()
+    -----------------
+    This function returns a give string into lower case .
+    Loop invariant : Selects each character and converts it to lower case .
+
+    Return value
+    ------------
+    string having all the characters in lower case .
+*/
+
+std::string make_lower_case(string str)
+{
+    std::string lower; // defined a variable to store the converted the string
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
+    {
+        if (str.at(i) >= UP_A && str.at(i) <= UP_Z) // condition to check if the characters lie in the given ASCII range
+        {
+            lower += (str.at(i) + 32); // adding 32 to convert the characters in lower case
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            lower += str.at(i);
+        }
+    }
+    return lower; // returning the given string in lower case
+}
+
+#endif // DATA_VALIDATION_HPP

C++/test/utils/data_conversion.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include "third_party/catch.hpp"
+#include "utils/data_conversion.hpp"
+
+TEST_CASE("Make upper case", "[string][data_conversion][make-upper-case]")
+{
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("cats") == "CATS");
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("dogs") == "DOGS");
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("s3Cret") == "S3CRET");
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case(" ") == " ");
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("c") == "C");
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("#er$T") == ("#ER$T"));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Make lower case", "[string][data_conversion][make-lower-case]")
+{
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("CaTS") == "cats");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("DoGS") == "dogs");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("dogS") == "DOGS");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("A@#B$%C") == "a@#b$%c");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case(" ") == " ");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("F") == "f");
+}

C++/test/utils/data_validation.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include "third_party/catch.hpp"
+#include "utils/data_validation.hpp"
+
+TEST_CASE("Base cases", "[string][data_validation]")
+{
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("cats") == "CATS");
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("dogs") == "DOGS");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("CATS") == "cats");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("dogs") == "DOGS");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Mixed cases", "[string][data-validation]")
+{
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("cAts") == "CATS");
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("dOgs") == "DOGS");
+    REQUIRE(make_upper_case("dOGS") == "DOGS");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("CaTS") == "cats");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("DoGS") == "dogs");
+    REQUIRE(make_lower_case("dogS") == "DOGS");
+}