- 官网下载
ubuntu-16.04.6-desktop-amd64.iso
- 目前不推荐再装16.04了(20220420),有ROS需求推荐20.04
- desktop版本即可(server版需要自己装ubuntu-desktop)
- 使用UltraISO:打开iso文件—启动—写入硬盘映像
Please note that the following images are all from the process of ubuntu 20.04 installation
- Launch/reboot the computer and keep pressing
del
/F2
- select
Boot Priority
and press F10 to exit ![[Pasted image 20220421085502.png]]- A popup notification:
you have do not make ...
, do not worry, please chooseyes
- A popup notification:
- select ubuntu - install ubuntu
- keyboard - English![[Pasted image 20220421085853.png]]
- Minimal installation - no other options (Please unplug the network cable)![[Pasted image 20220421085947.png]]
- choose:
something else
(TODO: add figure) - Disk Partition, eg (500G固态+2T机械):
- 512M efi (如果没有efi选项,更换进入系统时选择的启动位置) ![[Pasted image 20220421090227.png]]
- 5G /boot ![[Pasted image 20220421090246.png]]
- 460G / ![[Pasted image 20220421090324.png]]
- 2T /home ![[Pasted image 20220421090445.png]]
- finish![[Pasted image 20220421090613.png]]![[Pasted image 20220421090535.png]]
- where are you? shanghai
- set user name / system name, then install![[Pasted image 20220421090853.png]]
- complete installation - restart now
- remove the installation medium, then press enter
- plug in the network cable
- 进入空系统后分辨率过低是正常现象,是由于未安装驱动所致。
注意
pip install torch==1.7.0+cu110 torchvision==0.8.1+cu110 torchaudio===0.7.0 -f https://download.pytorch.org/whl/torch_stable.html
https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/ https://pytorch.org/get-started/previous-versions/ recommanded configurations:
- ubuntu 20.04, 5900x 3090, cuda11.3 driver 470 torch 1.11.0
1、在官网下载需要版本的Cuda文件(*.run) if you want a previous version, search nvidia cuda + {version id} directly and enter the page belonging to nvidia.
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/11.3.0/local_installers/cuda_11.3.0_465.19.01_linux.run
sudo sh cuda_11.3.0_465.19.01_linux.run
1、在官网下载需要版本的Cuda文件(*.run) if you want a previous version, search nvidia cuda + {version id} directly and enter the page belonging to nvidia.
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/11.3.0/local_installers/cuda_11.3.0_465.19.01_linux.run
# do not run the next line!!!
# sudo sh cuda_11.3.0_465.19.01_linux.run
2、禁用nouveau第三方驱动
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
在最后一行添加:blacklist nouveau
sudo update-initramfs -u # 对所有内核版本操作 加 -k all
sudo reboot
3、进入命令行界面(ctrl alt f1)并禁用图形界面
执行命令:lsmod | grep nouveau 查看是否禁用,无反应则已禁用 禁用图形界面:
sudo service lightdm stop # 关闭桌面
或(未装桌面管理器时):
sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target # 关闭桌面
4、sudo apt-get install build-essential # 安装gcc、g++、make等软件
5、运行.run文件,选择accept eula安装Cuda、驱动等(Sample、Demo、Document不需要安装) 6、重启图形界面
开启图形界面
sudo service lightdm start # 开启桌面
或(未装桌面管理器时):
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target # 开启桌面
7、添加环境变量
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
export CUDA_HOME=/usr/local/cuda
source ~/.bashrc
如果安装不上:https://blog.csdn.net/missyoudaisy/article/details/104432746
1、禁用图形界面
sudo service lightdm stop # 关闭桌面
或(未装桌面管理器时):
sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target # 关闭桌面
2、运行.run文件,选择安装驱动等(Sample、Demo、Document不需要安装) 3、重启图形界面
开启图形界面
sudo service lightdm start # 开启桌面
或(未装桌面管理器时):
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target # 开启桌面
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
在最后一行添加:blacklist nouveau
sudo update-initramfs -u # 对所有内核版本操作 加 -k all
sudo reboot
执行命令:lsmod | grep nouveau 查看是否禁用,无反应则已禁用 禁用图形界面:
sudo service lightdm stop # 关闭桌面
sudo service lightdm start # 开启桌面
或(未装桌面管理器时):
sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target # 关闭桌面
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target # 开启桌面
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
sudo apt-get update
ubuntu-drivers devices # 查询所有ubuntu推荐的驱动
sudo apt-get install nvidia-430
sudo service lightdm start
watch -n 0.1 -d nvidia-smi #查看显卡温度 不跑程序时30-50C均可 刚装好驱动时会热一点 多等一会儿
下载.deb
文件:
sudo dpkg -i xxx
sudo apt-key add /var/cuda-repo-<version>/7fa2af80.pub #见上条运行结果
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cuda
sudo gedit ~/.bashrc
添加环境变量:
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
export CUDA_HOME=/usr/local/cuda
source ~/.bashrc
有时候需要改名: solitairetheme8-->tgz
tar -zxvf xxx.tgz
sudo cp cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include/
sudo cp cuda/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64/ -d
查看CUDA版本cat /usr/local/cuda/version.txt
查看 CUDNN 版本:
cat /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2
或:
# 新版本cudnn中cudnn.h不再包含版本信息,版本信息包含在cudnn_version.h文件内
find / -name cudnn_version.h 2>&1 | grep -v "Permission denied" # 查找cudnn_version.h文件
cat /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn_version.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2 # 路径需要替换为上述命令搜索到的文件路径
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
按系统版本替换内容: aliyun recommanded https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/l, 更新升级
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt-get install vim gedit
sudo apt-get install net-tools # ubuntu 20.04
sudo apt install openssh-server
sudo service ssh start
sudo service ssh status
分为两步
- 端口转发:如果是新机器需要设置端口转发,如果是老机器路由器不重置就不需要重新设置。
- 设置静态ip
- 在路由器管理界面 (ip) 找端口转发设置
- eg: hiwifi.com 互联网-超级端口转发
- xiaomi 高级设置 端口转发
- 通常需要设置两个端口,一个是ssh端口,另一个是xrdp端口
- ssh default port 22
- xrdp default port 3389
- please check your system version
- 1、查询网络接口的名字
打开命令行,输入
ifconfig
,第一行最左边的名字,就是本机的网络接口,如enp5s0 - 2、打开修改文件
sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces
添加:
auto enp5s0 # 使用的网络接口,之前查询接口是为了这里
iface enp5s0 inet static # enp5s0这个接口,使用静态ip设置
address 192.168.199.105 # 设置ip地址
netmask 255.255.255.0 # 设置子网掩码
network 192.168.199.255
gateway 192.168.199.1 # 设置网关
dns-nameservers 114.114.114.114 # 设置dns服务器地址
- 3、sudo reboot
- reference: https://qizhanming.com/blog/2021/03/18/how-to-config-static-ip-on-ubuntu-20-04
- obtain gateway:
sudo apt-get install net-tools
,route -e
sudo vim /etc/netplan/*.yaml
network:
ethernets:
enp5s0: # 配置的网卡名称,使用ifconfig查看
addresses: [192.168.1.113/24] # 设置IP及掩码
gateway4: 192.168.1.1 # 设置网关
nameservers:
addresses: [114.114.114.114, 8.8.8.8] # 设置DNS
version: 2
sudo netplan apply
(re-try)
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager
ping 192.168.1.113
ping 114.114.114.114
sudo apt-get install xrdp xfce4 #安装xrdp
sudo vim /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh
# 把最下面的test和exec两行注释掉,添加一行xfce4-session
# 以上操作相当于给每个用户echo xfce4-session >~/.xsession
sudo service xrdp restart
sudo reboot # ubuntu 20.04 no need
全灰屏,鼠标是个叉,可能是因为xrdp版本低,参考: https://netdevops.me/2017/installing-xrdp-0.9.1-on-ubuntu-16.04-xenial/
vscode通过xrdp远程桌面打开在远程桌面显示,参考: microsoft/vscode#3451 (comment)
mkdir ~/lib # make a copy of the relevant library
cp /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 ~/lib
sed -i 's/BIG-REQUESTS/_IG-REQUESTS/' ~/lib/libxcb.so.1
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$HOME/lib code # set the dynamic loader path to put your library first before executing VS Code
http://www.c-nergy.be/products.html
没有共享剪切板:版本低(官方Ubuntu16.04的源里只有0.6.1-2的版本) 没有菜单栏、tab补全等:https://www.cnblogs.com/defineconst/p/10254613.html
reference:
wget http://c-nergy.be/downloads/xRDP/xrdp-installer-1.3.zip
unzip xrdp-installer-1.3.zip
sudo chmod 777 ./xrdp-installer-1.3.sh
./xrdp-installer-1.3.sh
1、如已经安装过XRDP,请先删除后再执行安装脚本。
./xrdp-installer-1.3.sh -r # 删除xrdp软件包
2、有时候会出现:用户在系统上远程登录,将无法在本地登录,反之,在本地登录将不能远程登录。
sudo adduser xxx
sudo vim /etc/sudoers #添加root权限,添加:xxx ALL=(ALL) ALL
sudo usermod -G sudo username #给用户添加sudo权限
sudo useradd -d /home/xxx -s /bin/bash xxx
sudo chown -R xxx:xxx /home/xxx
sudo usermod -aG sudo xxx #添加sudo权限
sudo passwd xxx
pip install pip -U
pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
# 推荐
pip config set global.index-url http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
修改/etc/docker/daemon.json并重启docker
# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://75oltije.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
sudo systemctl restart docker
sudo fdisk -l #查看可挂载的磁盘都有哪些
df -h #查看已经挂载了哪些磁盘
sudo mkdir /DATA
sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda
sudo mount /dev/sda /DATA
vim /etc/fstab
添加到最后一行:UUID=************* /DATA ext4 defaults 0 1 (ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid | grep sda查看UUID)
guanwang sh {ANACONDA_FILE} yes | enter | yes
echo 'export PATH="~/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
http://wiki.ros.org/noetic/Installation/Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install tmux
sudo apt-get install vim
sudo apt-get install git
sh <(curl https://j.mp/spf13-vim3 -L) # 推荐配置,容易连不上,多试几次
https://github.com/spaceship-prompt/spaceship-prompt
sudo apt-get install zsh
sudo apt-get install fonts-powerline
git clone https://github.com/spaceship-prompt/spaceship-prompt.git "$ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/spaceship-prompt" --depth=1
ln -s "$ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/spaceship-prompt/spaceship.zsh-theme" "$ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/spaceship.zsh-theme"
在~/.zshrc
中设置:ZSH_THEME="spaceship"
sudo dpkg -i xxx.deb
若缺少依赖:sudo apt install -f
https://update.todesk.com/todeskBeta_1.1.0c.deb
- 安装: Follow https://github.com/openai/mujoco-py
- 往~/.bashrc添加环境变量:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=~/.mujoco/mujoco200/bin${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
cp mjkey.txt ~/.mujoco
cp mjkey.txt ~/.mujoco/mujoco200/bin
Export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=~/.mujoco/mujoco200/bin${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
cd ~/.mujoco/mjpro150/bin
./simulate ../model/humanoid.xml
- Install mujoco-py 参考 https://blog.csdn.net/zhangkzz/article/details/84574772
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/tree/rtl_nic/
cd /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/
sudo wget https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/tree/rtl_nic/rtl8125a-3.fw
https://blog.csdn.net/chengyq116/article/details/102575221
- Advanced options for Ubuntu(开机时按Shift)选择其他内核版本
- 禁用nouveau驱动
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf #确认最后一行添加:blacklist nouveau
sudo update-initramfs -u -k all
sudo reboot
- 重装显卡驱动