Mastering SSR, SSG, and CSR in Next.js: Production-Grade Strategies and Best Practices #41
akash-coded
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🧠 Diving Deeper: Advanced Use Cases and Complex Scenarios with SSR, SSG, and CSR🚦 1. Server-Side Rendering (SSR) Advanced Techniques🛠️ When SSR Becomes Critical:
💡 Tricky Scenario: Conditional SSR Based on HeadersUse Case: You need to render content differently based on the // pages/ssr-conditional.js
export async function getServerSideProps(context) {
const userAgent = context.req.headers['user-agent'];
const isMobile = /mobile/i.test(userAgent);
const data = await fetch('https://api.example.com/data').then((res) => res.json());
return {
props: {
data,
isMobile,
},
};
}
const SSRConditionalPage = ({ data, isMobile }) => {
return (
<div>
<h1>Conditional SSR Example</h1>
{isMobile ? (
<p>Mobile View: {data.mobileMessage}</p>
) : (
<p>Desktop View: {data.desktopMessage}</p>
)}
</div>
);
};
export default SSRConditionalPage;🚨 Pro Tip: Avoid Client-Side Conditionals When Possible
🔥 2. Static Site Generation (SSG) on Steroids🏎️ High-Performance Caching with ISR (Incremental Static Regeneration)When to use ISR:
🧠 Complex Scenario: On-Demand ISR with RevalidationUse Case: Imagine a blog site where authors can invalidate the cache of specific pages when new content is published. // pages/blog/[slug].js
export async function getStaticPaths() {
const res = await fetch('https://api.example.com/posts');
const posts = await res.json();
const paths = posts.map((post) => ({
params: { slug: post.slug },
}));
return { paths, fallback: 'blocking' };
}
export async function getStaticProps({ params }) {
const res = await fetch(`https://api.example.com/posts/${params.slug}`);
const post = await res.json();
return {
props: { post },
revalidate: 60, // Regenerate the page every 60 seconds
};
}
const BlogPost = ({ post }) => (
<div>
<h1>{post.title}</h1>
<p>{post.content}</p>
</div>
);
export default BlogPost;📡 On-Demand ISR with API TriggerYou can manually trigger a page revalidation using Next.js API routes. This is extremely powerful for CMS integrations. // pages/api/revalidate.js
export default async function handler(req, res) {
try {
await res.revalidate(`/blog/${req.query.slug}`);
return res.json({ revalidated: true });
} catch (err) {
return res.status(500).send('Error revalidating');
}
}🎯 3. Combining CSR, SSR, and SSG in a Real-World Scenario🛠️ The Use Case: E-Commerce PlatformImagine an e-commerce application where:
Complex Example: E-Commerce Product Page// pages/products/[id].js
import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
// SSG for initial product details
export async function getStaticPaths() {
const res = await fetch('https://api.example.com/products');
const products = await res.json();
const paths = products.map((product) => ({
params: { id: product.id.toString() },
}));
return { paths, fallback: 'blocking' };
}
export async function getStaticProps({ params }) {
const product = await fetch(`https://api.example.com/products/${params.id}`).then((res) => res.json());
return {
props: { product },
revalidate: 3600, // Revalidate every hour
};
}
const ProductPage = ({ product }) => {
const [reviews, setReviews] = useState([]);
// CSR for dynamic reviews
useEffect(() => {
fetch(`/api/reviews?productId=${product.id}`)
.then((res) => res.json())
.then((data) => setReviews(data));
}, [product.id]);
return (
<div>
<h1>{product.name}</h1>
<p>{product.description}</p>
<h2>Reviews</h2>
{reviews.length > 0 ? (
reviews.map((review) => (
<div key={review.id}>
<p>{review.comment}</p>
<small>{review.author}</small>
</div>
))
) : (
<p>Loading reviews...</p>
)}
</div>
);
};
export default ProductPage;🧠 Advanced Data-Fetching Strategy: Layering Different ApproachesScenario: Weather Dashboard
// pages/weather.js
import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
export async function getStaticProps() {
const forecast = await fetch('https://api.weather.com/forecast').then((res) => res.json());
return {
props: { forecast },
revalidate: 3600, // Regenerate every hour
};
}
const WeatherPage = ({ forecast }) => {
const [currentWeather, setCurrentWeather] = useState(null);
// Client-side fetching for live updates
useEffect(() => {
fetch('/api/current-weather')
.then((res) => res.json())
.then((data) => setCurrentWeather(data));
}, []);
return (
<div>
<h1>Weather Dashboard</h1>
<h2>Daily Forecast (SSG)</h2>
<ul>
{forecast.map((day) => (
<li key={day.date}>{day.summary}</li>
))}
</ul>
<h2>Current Weather (CSR)</h2>
{currentWeather ? (
<p>{currentWeather.temperature}°C and {currentWeather.description}</p>
) : (
<p>Loading current weather...</p>
)}
</div>
);
};
export default WeatherPage;
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📜 The Story of SSR and SSG: A Case Study on the Evolution of Web Rendering Strategies🚀 The Early Days of the Web: The Era of Static HTML (1990s)When the internet was young, web development was simple. Websites were just static HTML files served by web servers like Apache. Every page was manually created and uploaded to the server. 🏛️ The Original Static Site Generation (SSG)
Example:
🕰️ 2000s: The Rise of Dynamic Web with Client-Side Rendering (CSR)With the advent of JavaScript and frameworks like jQuery, websites became more interactive:
🌐 The CSR Revolution:
Example:
💡 The Problem: The SEO and Performance Gap
🔥 The Spark: Rise of Server-Side Rendering (SSR)What is SSR?Instead of delivering an empty HTML file, the server renders the HTML with data before sending it to the client:
🏢 Real-World Business Case: Airbnb's Shift to SSRThe Problem:
The Solution:
The Result:
🌱 The Evolution of Static Site Generation (SSG)What is SSG?SSG re-emerged as a modern approach where pages are pre-rendered at build time and served as static files:
📈 Case Study: The Success of SSG with Jamstack and Next.jsThe Problem:
The Solution:
The Result:
💼 Business Case: Why Netflix and LinkedIn Moved to SSGNetflix:
LinkedIn:
🧬 Combining SSG, SSR, and CSR: The Hybrid ApproachThe Modern Need:
Example: E-Commerce Platform
🕵️ Lesser-Known Use Cases: Going Beyond Basics1. Dynamic SSG with Fallbacks
2. Server-Side Rendering with Middleware
📊 Key Takeaways: The Strategic Value of SSR and SSG
📈 Conclusion: Why It Matters Today
💼 The MBA Insight:
|
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🚧 Under the Hood: How SSR and SSG Work in Next.js and React 🚧🧠 Overview: What Happens During SSR and SSG?When building modern web applications, SSR (Server-Side Rendering) and SSG (Static Site Generation) offer powerful approaches for pre-rendering content. Unlike CSR (Client-Side Rendering), where rendering is entirely done in the browser, SSR and SSG shift the rendering responsibility to the server or build process. 🕵️ Key Concepts to Understand:
📂 1. Server-Side Rendering (SSR): Behind the Scenes💡 What is SSR?
🧬 How SSR Works in Next.js: Step-by-Step BreakdownStep 1: Request from Browser
Step 2: Server-Side Data Fetching (
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| Feature | SSR (Server-Side Rendering) | SSG (Static Site Generation) |
|---|---|---|
| Rendering Time | On every request | During build time |
| Request Handling | Server processes the request | CDN serves static files |
| Data Fetching | Live during request | Pre-fetched at build time |
| Performance | Slower initial load, fast subsequent loads | Fastest initial load, CDN benefits |
| Use Cases | Dynamic, real-time data | Static, rarely-changing content |
| Caching Strategy | Can use server-side caching | CDN caching with ISR for dynamic data |
| SEO | Excellent (fully rendered HTML) | Excellent (pre-rendered HTML) |
🧠 Final Thoughts: Choosing the Right Approach
- Use SSR for real-time data and personalized experiences.
- Use SSG for content-heavy pages, blogs, and documentation.
- Use ISR to bridge the gap between static performance and dynamic data needs.
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// Project: Full-Stack Next.js Application with SSR, SSG, and Advanced State Hydration
// Application: E-Commerce Platform with Products and Dashboard
// Demonstrates: Server-Side Rendering, Static Site Generation, Server-Side State Hydration
// Folder Structure
// ├── components
// │ ├── Header.js
// │ ├── ProductCard.js
// │ └── ReviewSection.js
// ├── pages
// │ ├── api
// │ │ ├── products.js
// │ │ ├── products/[id].js
// │ │ └── reviews/[id].js
// │ ├── index.js
// │ ├── products
// │ │ └── [id].js
// │ └── dashboard.js
// ├── public
// ├── styles
// │ └── globals.css
// ├── .env.local
// ├── next.config.js
// ├── package.json
// └── server.js
// Step-by-Step Implementation
// 1. Setup Next.js application and install dependencies
// 2. Configure server-side API routes
// 3. Implement SSR, SSG with Incremental Static Regeneration
// 4. Implement server-side state hydration in dashboard
// 5. Add authentication and persistent state management
// Code
// next.config.js
module.exports = {
reactStrictMode: true,
async rewrites() {
return [{
source: '/api/:path*',
destination: 'http://localhost:5000/api/:path*'
}];
}
};
// server.js (Custom server with Express)
const express = require('express');
const next = require('next');
const dev = process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production';
const app = next({ dev });
const handle = app.getRequestHandler();
app.prepare().then(() => {
const server = express();
server.all('*', (req, res) => {
return handle(req, res);
});
server.listen(3000, (err) => {
if (err) throw err;
console.log('> Ready on http://localhost:3000');
});
});
// .env.local
API_URL=http://localhost:5000/api
// pages/index.js (SSG with ISR)
import Link from 'next/link';
export async function getStaticProps() {
const res = await fetch(`${process.env.API_URL}/products`);
const products = await res.json();
return {
props: { products },
revalidate: 60, // ISR every 60 seconds
};
}
export default function Home({ products }) {
return (
<div>
<h1>Product List</h1>
<ul>
{products.map((product) => (
<li key={product.id}>
<Link href={`/products/${product.id}`}>{product.name}</Link>
</li>
))}
</ul>
</div>
);
}
// pages/products/[id].js (SSR with Server-Side State Hydration)
import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
import ReviewSection from '../../components/ReviewSection';
export async function getServerSideProps({ params }) {
const res = await fetch(`${process.env.API_URL}/products/${params.id}`);
const product = await res.json();
return { props: { product } };
}
export default function ProductPage({ product }) {
const [currentProduct, setCurrentProduct] = useState(product);
useEffect(() => {
const fetchProduct = async () => {
const res = await fetch(`/api/products/${currentProduct.id}`);
const data = await res.json();
setCurrentProduct(data);
};
fetchProduct();
}, [currentProduct.id]);
return (
<div>
<h1>{currentProduct.name}</h1>
<p>{currentProduct.description}</p>
<ReviewSection productId={currentProduct.id} />
</div>
);
}
// components/ReviewSection.js
import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
const ReviewSection = ({ productId }) => {
const [reviews, setReviews] = useState([]);
useEffect(() => {
fetch(`/api/reviews/${productId}`)
.then((res) => res.json())
.then(setReviews);
}, [productId]);
return (
<div>
<h2>Reviews</h2>
{reviews.map((review) => (
<p key={review.id}>{review.comment}</p>
))}
</div>
);
};
export default ReviewSection;
// Express Backend (server-side APIs)
// api/products.js
const express = require('express');
const router = express.Router();
const mockProducts = [
{ id: '1', name: 'Product 1', description: 'Description for product 1' },
{ id: '2', name: 'Product 2', description: 'Description for product 2' }
];
router.get('/products', (req, res) => res.json(mockProducts));
router.get('/products/:id', (req, res) => {
const product = mockProducts.find(p => p.id === req.params.id);
res.json(product);
});
module.exports = router; |
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🚀 Full-Stack Next.js Application: SSR, SSG, and CSR Explained📦 Project OverviewThis project demonstrates a production-grade web application using Next.js with:
🗂️ Project Folder Structure⚙️ Step-by-Step Implementation
🛠️ Code Implementation1. Project Setupnpx create-next-app web-rendering-strategies
cd web-rendering-strategies
npm install express cookie-parser js-cookie swr2. Configuration:
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| Rendering Strategy | Best For | When to Use |
|---|---|---|
| SSG | Static pages, blogs, marketing sites | Rarely-changing content, SEO |
| SSR | Dynamic pages, product pages, real-time data | SEO + Fresh data, auth required |
| CSR | Dashboards, authenticated user areas | Non-SEO pages, highly dynamic |
🚧 Next Steps
- Add Authentication and Protected Routes
- Implement Error Handling and Fallback Pages
- Deploy to Vercel or DigitalOcean with CDN integration
Happy Coding! 🎉
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Mastering SSR, SSG, and CSR in Next.js: Production-Grade Strategies and Best Practices
Introduction: The What and Why of Rendering Strategies
When building modern web applications, choosing the right rendering strategy is critical for performance, SEO, and user experience. In the world of React and Next.js, three primary rendering strategies stand out:
Each of these strategies has specific use cases, advantages, and limitations. Today, we'll explore these strategies in depth, compare them with CSR in plain React, and dive into advanced data-fetching combinations to build robust, production-ready applications.
Quick Recap: How It Works in React vs. Next.js
Client-Side Rendering (CSR) in React
In traditional React (without Next.js):
<div id="root"></div>.Example in Pure React:
Client-Side Rendering (CSR) in Next.js
useEffector SWR (stale-while-revalidate) for fetching data on the client.Example in Next.js:
1. Server-Side Rendering (SSR)
What is SSR?
When to Use SSR?
Real-World Examples of SSR:
Example: SSR with getServerSideProps
2. Static Site Generation (SSG)
What is SSG?
When to Use SSG?
Real-World Examples of SSG:
Example: SSG with getStaticProps
3. Combining SSR, SSG, and CSR in a Single Application
Why Combine Different Strategies?
Advanced Example: Hybrid Application
Best Practices and Gotchas
Do's:
fallback: true | false | "blocking"for on-demand ISR.Don'ts:
getStaticPropsorgetServerSideProps.Lesser-Known Uses of SSR and SSG
1. Incremental Static Regeneration (ISR)
2. Middleware with SSR for Authenticated Pages
Summary: Choosing the Right Strategy
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