pysolr

pysolr is a lightweight Python wrapper for Apache Solr. It provides an interface that queries the server and returns results based on the query.

Status

Changelog

Features

• Basic operations such as selecting, updating & deleting.
• Index optimization.
• "More Like This" support (if set up in Solr).
• Spelling correction (if set up in Solr).
• Timeout support.
• SolrCloud awareness

Requirements

• Python 2.7 - 3.6
• Requests 2.9.1+
• Optional - simplejson
• Optional - kazoo for SolrCloud mode

Installation

pysolr is on PyPI:

$ pip install pysolr

Or if you want to install directly from the repository: python setup.py install, or drop the pysolr.py file anywhere on your PYTHONPATH.

Usage

Basic usage looks like:

# If on Python 2.X
from __future__ import print_function
import pysolr

# Setup a Solr instance. The timeout is optional.
solr = pysolr.Solr('http://localhost:8983/solr/', timeout=10, auth=<type of authentication>)

# How you'd index data.
solr.add([
    {
        "id": "doc_1",
        "title": "A test document",
    },
    {
        "id": "doc_2",
        "title": "The Banana: Tasty or Dangerous?",
        "_doc": [
            { "id": "child_doc_1", "title": "peel" },
            { "id": "child_doc_2", "title": "seed" },
        ]
    },
])

# Note that the add method has commit=True by default, so this is
# immediately committed to your index.

# You can index a parent/child document relationship by
# associating a list of child documents with the special key '_doc'. This
# is helpful for queries that join together conditions on children and parent
# documents.

# Later, searching is easy. In the simple case, just a plain Lucene-style
# query is fine.
results = solr.search('bananas')

# The ``Results`` object stores total results found, by default the top
# ten most relevant results and any additional data like
# facets/highlighting/spelling/etc.
print("Saw {0} result(s).".format(len(results)))

# Just loop over it to access the results.
for result in results:
    print("The title is '{0}'.".format(result['title']))

# For a more advanced query, say involving highlighting, you can pass
# additional options to Solr.
results = solr.search('bananas', **{
    'hl': 'true',
    'hl.fragsize': 10,
})

# You can also perform More Like This searches, if your Solr is configured
# correctly.
similar = solr.more_like_this(q='id:doc_2', mltfl='text')

# Finally, you can delete either individual documents,
solr.delete(id='doc_1')

# also in batches...
solr.delete(id=['doc_1', 'doc_2'])

# ...or all documents.
solr.delete(q='*:*')

# For SolrCloud mode, initialize your Solr like this:

zookeeper = pysolr.ZooKeeper("zkhost1:2181,zkhost2:2181,zkhost3:2181")
solr = pysolr.SolrCloud(zookeeper, "collection1", auth=<type of authentication>)

Multicore Index

Simply point the URL to the index core:

# Setup a Solr instance. The timeout is optional.
solr = pysolr.Solr('http://localhost:8983/solr/core_0/', timeout=10)

Custom Request Handlers

# Setup a Solr instance. The trailing slash is optional.
solr = pysolr.Solr('http://localhost:8983/solr/core_0/', search_handler='/autocomplete', use_qt_param=False)

If use_qt_param is True it is essential that the name of the handler is exactly what is configured in solrconfig.xml, including the leading slash if any (though with the qt parameter a leading slash is not a requirement by SOLR). If use_qt_param is False (default), the leading and trailing slashes can be omitted.

If search_handler is not specified, pysolr will default to /select.

The handlers for MoreLikeThis, Update, Terms etc. all default to the values set in the solrconfig.xml SOLR ships with: mlt, update, terms etc. The specific methods of pysolr's Solr class (like more_like_this, suggest_terms etc.) allow for a kwarg handler to override that value. This includes the search method. Setting a handler in search explicitly overrides the search_handler setting (if any).

Custom Authentication

# Setup a Solr instance in a kerborized enviornment
from requests_kerberos import HTTPKerberosAuth, OPTIONAL
kerberos_auth = HTTPKerberosAuth(mutual_authentication=OPTIONAL, sanitize_mutual_error_response=False)

solr = pysolr.Solr('http://localhost:8983/solr/', auth=kerberos_auth)

# Setup a CloudSolr instance in a kerborized environment
from requests_kerberos import HTTPKerberosAuth, OPTIONAL
kerberos_auth = HTTPKerberosAuth(mutual_authentication=OPTIONAL, sanitize_mutual_error_response=False)

zookeeper = pysolr.ZooKeeper("zkhost1:2181/solr, zkhost2:2181,...,zkhostN:2181")
solr = pysolr.SolrCloud(zookeeper, "collection", auth=kerberos_auth)

If your Solr servers run off https

# Setup a Solr instance in an https environment
solr = pysolr.Solr('http://localhost:8983/solr/', verify=path/to/cert.pem)

# Setup a CloudSolr instance in a kerborized environment

zookeeper = pysolr.ZooKeeper("zkhost1:2181/solr, zkhost2:2181,...,zkhostN:2181")
solr = pysolr.SolrCloud(zookeeper, "collection", verify=path/to/cert.perm)

LICENSE

pysolr is licensed under the New BSD license.

Running Tests

The run-tests.py script will automatically perform the steps below and is recommended for testing by default unless you need more control.

Running a test Solr instance

Downloading, configuring and running Solr 4 looks like this:

./start-solr-test-server.sh

Running the tests

The test suite requires the unittest2 library:

Python 2:

python -m unittest2 tests

Python 3:

python3 -m unittest tests