[KYUUBI #3072][DOC] Add a doc of Flink Table Store for Flink SQL engine

### _Why are the changes needed?_

### _How was this patch tested?_
- [ ] Add some test cases that check the changes thoroughly including negative and positive cases if possible

- [ ] Add screenshots for manual tests if appropriate

- [ ] [Run test](https://kyuubi.apache.org/docs/latest/develop_tools/testing.html#running-tests) locally before make a pull request

Closes #3234 from deadwind4/fts-flink-doc.

Closes #3072

f389629 [Luning Wang] [KYUUBI #3072][DOC] Add a doc of Flink Table Store for Flink SQL engine

Authored-by: Luning Wang <wang4luning@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Cheng Pan <chengpan@apache.org>

Author: a49a

docs/connector/flink/flink_table_store.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+.. Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+..    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+.. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+
+`Flink Table Store`_
+==========
+
+Flink Table Store is a unified storage to build dynamic tables for both streaming and batch processing in Flink,
+supporting high-speed data ingestion and timely data query.
+
+.. tip::
+   This article assumes that you have mastered the basic knowledge and operation of `Flink Table Store`_.
+   For the knowledge about Flink Table Store not mentioned in this article,
+   you can obtain it from its `Official Documentation`_.
+
+By using kyuubi, we can run SQL queries towards Flink Table Store which is more
+convenient, easy to understand, and easy to expand than directly using
+flink to manipulate Flink Table Store.
+
+Flink Table Store Integration
+-------------------
+
+To enable the integration of kyuubi flink sql engine and Flink Table Store, you need to:
+
+- Referencing the Flink Table Store :ref:`dependencies<flink-table-store-deps>`
+
+.. _flink-table-store-deps:
+
+Dependencies
+************
+
+The **classpath** of kyuubi flink sql engine with Flink Table Store supported consists of
+
+1. kyuubi-flink-sql-engine-|release|_2.12.jar, the engine jar deployed with Kyuubi distributions
+2. a copy of flink distribution
+3. flink-table-store-dist-<version>.jar (example: flink-table-store-dist-0.2.jar), which can be found in the `Maven Central`_
+
+In order to make the Flink Table Store packages visible for the runtime classpath of engines, we can use these methods:
+
+1. Put the Flink Table Store packages into ``$FLINK_HOME/lib`` directly
+2. Setting the HADOOP_CLASSPATH environment variable or copy the `Pre-bundled Hadoop Jar`_ to flink/lib.
+
+.. warning::
+   Please mind the compatibility of different Flink Table Store and Flink versions, which can be confirmed on the page of `Flink Table Store multi engine support`_.
+
+Flink Table Store Operations
+------------------
+
+Taking ``CREATE CATALOG`` as a example,
+
+.. code-block:: sql
+
+   CREATE CATALOG my_catalog WITH (
+     'type'='table-store',
+     'warehouse'='hdfs://nn:8020/warehouse/path' -- or 'file:///tmp/foo/bar'
+   );
+
+   USE CATALOG my_catalog;
+
+Taking ``CREATE TABLE`` as a example,
+
+.. code-block:: sql
+
+   CREATE TABLE MyTable (
+     user_id BIGINT,
+     item_id BIGINT,
+     behavior STRING,
+     dt STRING,
+     PRIMARY KEY (dt, user_id) NOT ENFORCED
+   ) PARTITIONED BY (dt) WITH (
+     'bucket' = '4'
+   );
+
+Taking ``Query Table`` as a example,
+
+.. code-block:: sql
+
+   SET 'execution.runtime-mode' = 'batch';
+   SELECT * FROM orders WHERE catalog_id=1025;
+
+Taking ``Streaming Query`` as a example,
+
+.. code-block:: sql
+
+   SET 'execution.runtime-mode' = 'streaming';
+   SELECT * FROM MyTable /*+ OPTIONS ('log.scan'='latest') */;
+
+Taking ``Rescale Bucket` as a example,
+
+.. code-block:: sql
+
+   ALTER TABLE my_table SET ('bucket' = '4');
+   INSERT OVERWRITE my_table PARTITION (dt = '2022-01-01');
+
+
+.. _Flink Table Store: https://nightlies.apache.org/flink/flink-table-store-docs-stable/
+.. _Official Documentation: https://nightlies.apache.org/flink/flink-table-store-docs-stable/
+.. _Maven Central: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.flink/flink-table-store-dist
+.. _Pre-bundled Hadoop Jar: https://flink.apache.org/downloads.html
+.. _Flink Table Store multi engine support: https://nightlies.apache.org/flink/flink-table-store-docs-stable/docs/engines/overview/

docs/connector/flink/index.rst

@@ -19,5 +19,6 @@ Connectors For Flink SQL Query Engine
 .. toctree::
     :maxdepth: 2
 
+    flink_table_store
     hudi
     iceberg