bitcoind.cpp

// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include <config/bitcoin-config.h> // IWYU pragma: keep

#include <chainparams.h>
#include <clientversion.h>
#include <common/args.h>
#include <common/init.h>
#include <common/system.h>
#include <compat/compat.h>
#include <init.h>
#include <interfaces/chain.h>
#include <interfaces/init.h>
#include <kernel/context.h>
#include <node/context.h>
#include <node/interface_ui.h>
#include <node/warnings.h>
#include <noui.h>
#include <util/check.h>
#include <util/exception.h>
#include <util/signalinterrupt.h>
#include <util/strencodings.h>
#include <util/syserror.h>
#include <util/threadnames.h>
#include <util/tokenpipe.h>
#include <util/translation.h>

#include <any>
#include <functional>
#include <optional>

using node::NodeContext;

const std::function<std::string(const char*)> G_TRANSLATION_FUN = nullptr;

#if HAVE_DECL_FORK

/** Custom implementation of daemon(). This implements the same order of operations as glibc.
 * Opens a pipe to the child process to be able to wait for an event to occur.
 *
 * @returns 0 if successful, and in child process.
 *          >0 if successful, and in parent process.
 *          -1 in case of error (in parent process).
 *
 *          In case of success, endpoint will be one end of a pipe from the child to parent process,
 *          which can be used with TokenWrite (in the child) or TokenRead (in the parent).
 */
int fork_daemon(bool nochdir, bool noclose, TokenPipeEnd& endpoint)
{
    // communication pipe with child process
    std::optional<TokenPipe> umbilical = TokenPipe::Make();
    if (!umbilical) {
        return -1; // pipe or pipe2 failed.
    }

    int pid = fork();
    if (pid < 0) {
        return -1; // fork failed.
    }
    if (pid != 0) {
        // Parent process gets read end, closes write end.
        endpoint = umbilical->TakeReadEnd();
        umbilical->TakeWriteEnd().Close();

        int status = endpoint.TokenRead();
        if (status != 0) { // Something went wrong while setting up child process.
            endpoint.Close();
            return -1;
        }

        return pid;
    }
    // Child process gets write end, closes read end.
    endpoint = umbilical->TakeWriteEnd();
    umbilical->TakeReadEnd().Close();

#if HAVE_DECL_SETSID
    if (setsid() < 0) {
        exit(1); // setsid failed.
    }
#endif

    if (!nochdir) {
        if (chdir("/") != 0) {
            exit(1); // chdir failed.
        }
    }
    if (!noclose) {
        // Open /dev/null, and clone it into STDIN, STDOUT and STDERR to detach
        // from terminal.
        int fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
        if (fd >= 0) {
            bool err = dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO) < 0 || dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0 || dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO) < 0;
            // Don't close if fd<=2 to try to handle the case where the program was invoked without any file descriptors open.
            if (fd > 2) close(fd);
            if (err) {
                exit(1); // dup2 failed.
            }
        } else {
            exit(1); // open /dev/null failed.
        }
    }
    endpoint.TokenWrite(0); // Success
    return 0;
}

#endif

static bool ParseArgs(ArgsManager& args, int argc, char* argv[])
{
    // If Qt is used, parameters/bitcoin.conf are parsed in qt/bitcoin.cpp's main()
    SetupServerArgs(args);
    std::string error;
    if (!args.ParseParameters(argc, argv, error)) {
        return InitError(Untranslated(strprintf("Error parsing command line arguments: %s", error)));
    }

    if (auto error = common::InitConfig(args)) {
        return InitError(error->message, error->details);
    }

    // Error out when loose non-argument tokens are encountered on command line
    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
        if (!IsSwitchChar(argv[i][0])) {
            return InitError(Untranslated(strprintf("Command line contains unexpected token '%s', see bitcoind -h for a list of options.", argv[i])));
        }
    }
    return true;
}

static bool ProcessInitCommands(ArgsManager& args)
{
    // Process help and version before taking care about datadir
    if (HelpRequested(args) || args.IsArgSet("-version")) {
        std::string strUsage = PACKAGE_NAME " version " + FormatFullVersion() + "\n";

        if (args.IsArgSet("-version")) {
            strUsage += FormatParagraph(LicenseInfo());
        } else {
            strUsage += "\nUsage:  bitcoind [options]                     Start " PACKAGE_NAME "\n"
                "\n";
            strUsage += args.GetHelpMessage();
        }

        tfm::format(std::cout, "%s", strUsage);
        return true;
    }

    return false;
}

static bool AppInit(NodeContext& node)
{
    bool fRet = false;
    ArgsManager& args = *Assert(node.args);

#if HAVE_DECL_FORK
    // Communication with parent after daemonizing. This is used for signalling in the following ways:
    // - a boolean token is sent when the initialization process (all the Init* functions) have finished to indicate
    // that the parent process can quit, and whether it was successful/unsuccessful.
    // - an unexpected shutdown of the child process creates an unexpected end of stream at the parent
    // end, which is interpreted as failure to start.
    TokenPipeEnd daemon_ep;
#endif
    std::any context{&node};
    try
    {
        // -server defaults to true for bitcoind but not for the GUI so do this here
        args.SoftSetBoolArg("-server", true);
        // Set this early so that parameter interactions go to console
        InitLogging(args);
        InitParameterInteraction(args);
        if (!AppInitBasicSetup(args, node.exit_status)) {
            // InitError will have been called with detailed error, which ends up on console
            return false;
        }
        if (!AppInitParameterInteraction(args)) {
            // InitError will have been called with detailed error, which ends up on console
            return false;
        }

        node.warnings = std::make_unique<node::Warnings>();

        node.kernel = std::make_unique<kernel::Context>();
        node.ecc_context = std::make_unique<ECC_Context>();
        if (!AppInitSanityChecks(*node.kernel))
        {
            // InitError will have been called with detailed error, which ends up on console
            return false;
        }

        if (args.GetBoolArg("-daemon", DEFAULT_DAEMON) || args.GetBoolArg("-daemonwait", DEFAULT_DAEMONWAIT)) {
#if HAVE_DECL_FORK
            tfm::format(std::cout, PACKAGE_NAME " starting\n");

            // Daemonize
            switch (fork_daemon(1, 0, daemon_ep)) { // don't chdir (1), do close FDs (0)
            case 0: // Child: continue.
                // If -daemonwait is not enabled, immediately send a success token the parent.
                if (!args.GetBoolArg("-daemonwait", DEFAULT_DAEMONWAIT)) {
                    daemon_ep.TokenWrite(1);
                    daemon_ep.Close();
                }
                break;
            case -1: // Error happened.
                return InitError(Untranslated(strprintf("fork_daemon() failed: %s", SysErrorString(errno))));
            default: { // Parent: wait and exit.
                int token = daemon_ep.TokenRead();
                if (token) { // Success
                    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
                } else { // fRet = false or token read error (premature exit).
                    tfm::format(std::cerr, "Error during initialization - check debug.log for details\n");
                    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
            }
            }
#else
            return InitError(Untranslated("-daemon is not supported on this operating system"));
#endif // HAVE_DECL_FORK
        }
        // Lock data directory after daemonization
        if (!AppInitLockDataDirectory())
        {
            // If locking the data directory failed, exit immediately
            return false;
        }
        fRet = AppInitInterfaces(node) && AppInitMain(node);
    }
    catch (const std::exception& e) {
        PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "AppInit()");
    } catch (...) {
        PrintExceptionContinue(nullptr, "AppInit()");
    }

#if HAVE_DECL_FORK
    if (daemon_ep.IsOpen()) {
        // Signal initialization status to parent, then close pipe.
        daemon_ep.TokenWrite(fRet);
        daemon_ep.Close();
    }
#endif
    return fRet;
}

MAIN_FUNCTION
{
#ifdef WIN32
    common::WinCmdLineArgs winArgs;
    std::tie(argc, argv) = winArgs.get();
#endif

    NodeContext node;
    int exit_status;
    std::unique_ptr<interfaces::Init> init = interfaces::MakeNodeInit(node, argc, argv, exit_status);
    if (!init) {
        return exit_status;
    }

    SetupEnvironment();

    // Connect bitcoind signal handlers
    noui_connect();

    util::ThreadSetInternalName("init");

    // Interpret command line arguments
    ArgsManager& args = *Assert(node.args);
    if (!ParseArgs(args, argc, argv)) return EXIT_FAILURE;
    // Process early info return commands such as -help or -version
    if (ProcessInitCommands(args)) return EXIT_SUCCESS;

    // Start application
    if (!AppInit(node) || !Assert(node.shutdown)->wait()) {
        node.exit_status = EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    Interrupt(node);
    Shutdown(node);

    return node.exit_status;
}