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LLC: JavaScript for the Web

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Jonathan edited this page Apr 15, 2023 · 38 revisions

Information

  • Current version: 2.0.0-a.2

Links

Learner Language References

HTML

Syntax & Concepts

  • elements— web pages are made of elements which determine structure and content. There are over 100 different elements, some of which are listed below, separated into content elements (elements for holding and presenting content) and sectioning elements (elements for laying out a web page and grouping elements together).
  • attributes— extra information describing an HTML element
    • id— a unique identifier for an element (CSS selector: #elementId).
    • class— a label for an element to distinguish it from other elements (CSS selector: .className).
<section id="using-css" class="is-collapsible"> ... </section>

Content elements

  • h1, h2, h3— first, second, and third level headings (page and section titles).
  • p— a container for text (short for 'paragraph' but can be any block of text).
  • span, mark, strong, em— selection of text within a larger block to highlight, emphasize, or modify it.
  • ul— conatiner for an unordered (bulleted) list
    • li— individual list items in a list.
  • img— an element for displaying images

Sectioning elements

  • header— a container for the header of a web page or of a section on a web page.
  • section— a container to group together related content and elements.
  • main— a container for the main content of a web page.

CSS

Syntax & Concepts

  • rule— styling that is applied to an element.
  • class— styling that is applied to elements with a specified class, e.g.:
.dark {
  background-color: darkslategrey;
  color: white;
}

Selectors

  • element type— the name of the element (syntax: elementName, e.g.: h2, section)
  • id— a unique identifier for an element (syntax: #elementId).
  • class— a label for an element to distinguish it from other elements (syntax: .className).
  • descendant— an element contained inside another element (syntax: parentElement descendantElement), e.g.:
    • section header— selects header elements that are inside section elements.

JavaScript

Exercise 0

console.log('some message');

Exercise 1

document.querySelector('someSelector');

Exercise 2

Pre-made CSS classes to use: picked, hidden, fun. An element's classList property contains a list of its classes.

  • add('classToAdd')—adds classToAdd to the classList. If it is already there, nothing happens
  • remove('classToRemove')—removes classToRemove from the classList. If it isn't there, nothing happens.
  • toggle('classToToggle')—if classToToggle is in the classList, it is removed; if classToToggle isn't there, it is added.
document.querySelector('someSelector').classList;

document.querySelector('someSelector').classList.add('classToAdd');
document.querySelector('someSelector').classList.remove('classToRemove');
document.querySelector('someSelector').classList.toggle('classToToggle');

Exercise 3

Pre-made CSS classes to use: hidden, transparent, fun.

  • Variables are created (declared) using the let keyword, followed by another word which beocmes the variable's name.
  • Variables are start with an undefined value and are assigned values using the assignment operator, =.
  • Using a single statement to both declare a variable and assign it a value is called initializing:
let newVariable = valueOfVariable;

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