These are a classic set of decision rules in statistical process control for detecting anomalies, out-of-control or non-random conditions.
A how-to guide is in the doc directory as Using WE
My blog article on it is at https://leaflessca.wordpress.com/2022/09/18/anomaly-detection-the-western-electric-rules/
The book is available at https://dokumen.tips/download/link/western-electrics-statistical-quality-control-handbook and a copy is in the doc directory.
The book is summarized at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Electric_rules