datasets.py

import os
import gzip
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from sklearn.datasets import make_blobs
from sklearn.datasets import make_moons

import math

# def load_cifar10_data(dirname=None):
#     """Loads the CIFAR10 dataset.

#     This is a dataset of 50,000 32x32 color training images and 10,000 test
#     images, labeled over 10 categories. See more info at the
#     [CIFAR homepage](https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~kriz/cifar.html).

#     The classes are:

#     | Label | Description |
#     |:-----:|-------------|
#     |   0   | airplane    |
#     |   1   | automobile  |
#     |   2   | bird        |
#     |   3   | cat         |
#     |   4   | deer        |
#     |   5   | dog         |
#     |   6   | frog        |
#     |   7   | horse       |
#     |   8   | ship        |
#     |   9   | truck       |

#     Returns:
#       Tuple of NumPy arrays: `(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test)`.

#     **x_train**: uint8 NumPy array of image data with shapes
#       `(50000, 32, 32, 3)`, containing the training data. Pixel values range
#       from 0 to 255.

#     **y_train**: uint8 NumPy array of labels (integers in range 0-9)
#       with shape `(50000, 1)` for the training data.

#     **x_test**: uint8 NumPy array of image data with shapes
#       `(10000, 32, 32, 3)`, containing the test data. Pixel values range
#       from 0 to 255.

#     **y_test**: uint8 NumPy array of labels (integers in range 0-9)
#       with shape `(10000, 1)` for the test data.

#     Example:

#     ```python
#     (x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = keras.datasets.cifar10.load_data()
#     assert x_train.shape == (50000, 32, 32, 3)
#     assert x_test.shape == (10000, 32, 32, 3)
#     assert y_train.shape == (50000, 1)
#     assert y_test.shape == (10000, 1)
#     ```
#     """
#     if dirname is None:
#         origin = "https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~kriz/cifar-10-python.tar.gz"
#         path = get_file(
#             dirname,
#             origin=origin,
#             untar=True,
#             file_hash=(  # noqa: E501
#                 "6d958be074577803d12ecdefd02955f39262c83c16fe9348329d7fe0b5c001ce"
#             ),
#         )

#     num_train_samples = 50000

#     x_train = np.empty((num_train_samples, 3, 32, 32), dtype="uint8")
#     y_train = np.empty((num_train_samples,), dtype="uint8")

#     for i in range(1, 6):
#         fpath = os.path.join(path, "data_batch_" + str(i))
#         (
#             x_train[(i - 1) * 10000 : i * 10000, :, :, :],
#             y_train[(i - 1) * 10000 : i * 10000],
#         ) = load_batch(fpath)

#     fpath = os.path.join(path, "test_batch")
#     x_test, y_test = load_batch(fpath)

#     y_train = np.reshape(y_train, (len(y_train), 1))
#     y_test = np.reshape(y_test, (len(y_test), 1))

#     if backend.image_data_format() == "channels_last":
#         x_train = x_train.transpose(0, 2, 3, 1)
#         x_test = x_test.transpose(0, 2, 3, 1)

#     x_test = x_test.astype(x_train.dtype)
#     y_test = y_test.astype(y_train.dtype)

#     return (x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test)


def load_spiral_data(N=1000, D=2, C=3):
    """
    Args:
        N (int): number of samples per class
        D (int): dimensionality
        C (int): number of classes
    Returns:
        X (np.array): N x D
        y (np.array): N
    """

    N = 1000  # num_samples_per_class
    D = 2  # dimensions
    C = 3  # num_classes

    X = np.zeros((N * C, D))
    y = np.zeros((N * C), dtype=np.long)
    for c in range(C):
        index = 0
        t = np.linspace(0, 1, N)
        # When c = 0 and t = 0: start of linspace
        # When c = 0 and t = 1: end of linpace
        # This inner_var is for the formula inside sin() and cos() like sin(inner_var) and cos(inner_Var)
        inner_var = np.linspace(
            # When t = 0
            (2 * math.pi / C) * (c),
            # When t = 1
            (2 * math.pi / C) * (2 + c),
            N
        ) + np.random.randn(N) * 0.2
        
        for ix in range(N * c, N * (c + 1)):
            X[ix] = t[index] * np.array((
                math.sin(inner_var[index]), math.cos(inner_var[index])
            ))
            y[ix] = c
            index += 1

    return X, y

def load_random_2d_points(n_samples_1=100, n_samples_2=100, center_1=[0.0, 0.0], center_2=[2.0, 2.0]):
    """
    Args:
        n_samples_1 (int): number of samples for class 1
        n_samples_2 (int): number of samples for class 2
    Returns:
        X (np.array): n x d 
        y (np.array): d
    """
    centers = [center_1, center_2]
    clusters_std = [0.5, 0.5]
    X, y = make_blobs(
        n_samples=[n_samples_1, n_samples_2],
        centers=centers,
        cluster_std=clusters_std,
        random_state=0,
        shuffle=False,
    )
    return X, y

def load_2d_moons(n_samples=100, noise=0.1):
    """
    Args:
        n_samples (int): number of samples for class 1
        noise (float): noise level
    Returns:
        X (np.array): n x d 
        y (np.array): d
    """
    X, y = make_moons(n_samples=n_samples, noise=noise, random_state=0)
    return X, y

def load_breast_cancer(datapath=None):
    """
    Args:
    Returns:
        X (np.array): n x d 
        y (np.array): d
        df (pd.DataFrame):
    """
    if datapath is None:
        DATADIR = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), os.pardir)), 'data')
        datapath = os.path.join(DATADIR, 'breast-cancer.csv')
    
    df = pd.read_csv(datapath)

    # Get input features and labels
    
    X = np.array(df.iloc[:, 2:].values) # features 

    y = np.array(df.iloc[:, 1].values)
    idx, = np.where(y == 'M')
    y[idx] = 1

    idx, = np.where(y == 'B')
    y[idx] = 0

    y = y.astype(np.uint)

    return df, X, y


def load_mnist_data(data_dir=None):
    if data_dir is None:
        data_dir = "/Users/mghifary/Work/Code/AI/IF6080/data/mnist"

    files = [
        "train-labels.idx1-ubyte",
        "train-images.idx3-ubyte",
        "t10k-labels.idx1-ubyte",
        "t10k-images.idx3-ubyte",
    ]

    # training label
    path = os.path.join(data_dir, files[0])
    with open(path, "rb") as lbpath:
        y_train = np.frombuffer(lbpath.read(), np.uint8, offset=8)

    path = os.path.join(data_dir, files[1])
    with open(path, "rb") as imgpath:
        x_train = np.frombuffer(imgpath.read(), np.uint8, offset=16).reshape(
            len(y_train), 28, 28
        )

    path = os.path.join(data_dir, files[2])
    with open(path, "rb") as lbpath:
        y_test = np.frombuffer(lbpath.read(), np.uint8, offset=8)

    path = os.path.join(data_dir, files[3])
    with open(path, "rb") as imgpath:
        x_test = np.frombuffer(imgpath.read(), np.uint8, offset=16).reshape(
            len(y_test), 28, 28
        )


    return (x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test)

def load_fashion_mnist_data(data_dir=None):
    if data_dir is None:
        data_dir = "/Users/mghifary/Work/Code/AI/IF6080/data/fashion_mnist"
    
    files = [
        "train-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz",
        "train-images-idx3-ubyte.gz",
        "t10k-labels-idx1-ubyte.gz",
        "t10k-images-idx3-ubyte.gz",
    ]

    # training label
    path = os.path.join(data_dir, files[0])
    with gzip.open(path, "rb") as lbpath:
        y_train = np.frombuffer(lbpath.read(), np.uint8, offset=8)

    path = os.path.join(data_dir, files[1])
    with gzip.open(path, "rb") as imgpath:
        x_train = np.frombuffer(imgpath.read(), np.uint8, offset=16).reshape(
            len(y_train), 28, 28
        )

    path = os.path.join(data_dir, files[2])
    with gzip.open(path, "rb") as lbpath:
        y_test = np.frombuffer(lbpath.read(), np.uint8, offset=8)

    path = os.path.join(data_dir, files[3])
    with gzip.open(path, "rb") as imgpath:
        x_test = np.frombuffer(imgpath.read(), np.uint8, offset=16).reshape(
            len(y_test), 28, 28
        )


    return (x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test)

def house_sales_data():
    # 774 House sales in Sacramento area.
    # Column 1: region (1--4) based on 5-digit ZIP code (see Table 13.4.)
    # Column 2: number of bedrooms.
    # Column 3: number of bathrooms.
    # Column 4: house area in square feet.
    # Column 5: 1 if a condo, 0 otherwise.
    # Column 6: selling price in dollars.
    """
        house_sales_data()
    Returns a dictionary `D` with the Sacramento house sales data
    used in section 2.3 and chapter 13.  
    The 6 items in the dictionary are vectors of length 774, with data for 
    774 house sales.
    * `D["price"]`:    selling price in 1000 dollars
    * `D["area"]`:     area in 1000 square feet
    * `D["beds"]`:     number of bedrooms
    * `D["baths"]`:    number of bathrooms
    * `D["condo"]`:    1 if a condo, 0 otherwise 
    * `D["location"]`: an integer between 1 and 4 indicating the location.
    """
    import numpy as np
    X = np.array([[ 2,   2,   2,    941,   1,     94905],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1146,   0,     98937],
         [ 2,   3,   2,    909,   0,    100309],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1289,   0,    106250],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1020,   0,    107502],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1022,   0,    108750],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1134,   1,    110700],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    844,   0,    113263],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    795,   1,    116250],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    588,   0,    120000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1356,   0,    121630],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1118,   0,    122000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1329,   0,    122682],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1240,   0,    123000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1601,   0,    124100],
         [ 2,   3,   2,    901,   0,    125000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1088,   0,    126640],
         [ 3,   3,   1,    963,   0,    127281],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1119,   0,    129000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1380,   0,    131200],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1248,   0,    132000],
         [ 3,   2,   2,   1039,   1,    133000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1152,   0,    134555],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1380,   0,    136500],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1116,   0,    138750],
         [ 3,   2,   2,   1039,   1,    141000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1418,   0,    146250],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1082,   0,    147308],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1472,   0,    148750],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1146,   0,    149593],
         [ 2,   1,   1,    760,   1,    150000],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1304,   1,    152000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1207,   0,    154000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1056,   0,    156896],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1043,   0,    161250],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1587,   0,    161500],
         [ 2,   4,   1,   1120,   0,    164000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1580,   0,    165000],
         [ 3,   4,   1,   1955,   0,    166357],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1656,   0,    166357],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1477,   0,    168000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1188,   0,    170000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1590,   0,    173000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1463,   0,    174250],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1714,   0,    174313],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1185,   0,    178480],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1406,   0,    178760],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1172,   0,    181000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1152,   0,    181872],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   1851,   0,    182587],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1215,   0,    182716],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1130,   0,    182750],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1603,   0,    183200],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1479,   0,    188741],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1420,   0,    189000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1280,   0,    192067],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1586,   0,    194000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1362,   0,    194818],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1266,   0,    198000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1715,   0,    199500],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1820,   0,    200000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,    936,   0,    200000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1511,   0,    208000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1590,   0,    212864],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1596,   0,    221000],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1341,   0,    221000],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   2136,   0,    223058],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1616,   0,    227887],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1478,   0,    231477],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1287,   0,    234697],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1277,   0,    235000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1448,   0,    236000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   2235,   0,    236685],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   2093,   0,    237800],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1193,   0,    240122],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   2163,   0,    242638],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1269,   0,    244000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,    958,   0,    244960],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   2508,   0,    245918],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1305,   0,    250000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1591,   0,    250000],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1326,   1,    250134],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1843,   0,    254200],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1921,   0,    254200],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   2790,   0,    258000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1541,   0,    260000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1018,   0,    260014],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1672,   1,    265000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,    975,   0,    271742],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   2372,   0,    273750],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1446,   0,    275086],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   3009,   0,    280987],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   2056,   0,    285000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1993,   0,    287417],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1857,   0,    291000],
         [ 1,   2,   1,   1126,   0,    292024],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   2494,   0,    297000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1843,   0,    298000], 
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1520,   0,    299000],
         [ 2,   5,   3,   2800,   0,    304037],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   2309,   0,    311000],
         [ 2,   5,   3,   2367,   0,    315537],
         [ 2,   5,   4,   3516,   0,    320000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   1914,   0,    328360],
         [ 2,   2,   1,   1690,   0,    334150],
         [ 3,   3,   3,   2725,   0,    335750],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   2354,   0,    335750],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   2185,   0,    344250],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1801,   0,    346210],
         [ 3,   3,   3,   1961,   0,    347029],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   3134,   0,    347650],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   1915,   0,    351300],
         [ 2,   4,   3,   2734,   0,    370500],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   2110,   0,    372000],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   3164,   0,    375000],
         [ 2,   5,   3,   3599,   0,    381300],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   2054,   0,    381942],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1830,   0,    387731],
         [ 1,   3,   3,   1627,   0,    391000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   3440,   0,    394470],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   2846,   0,    395000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   2359,   0,    400186],
         [ 3,   3,   3,   2052,   0,    415000],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   3433,   0,    425000],
         [ 2,   5,   3,   3615,   0,    430000],
         [ 4,   5,   3,   2687,   0,    460000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   2724,   0,    461000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   3440,   0,    489332],
         [ 3,   5,   4,   3508,   0,    510000],
         [ 4,   4,   2,   2462,   0,    539000],
         [ 2,   3,   3,   2325,   0,    660000],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    795,   1,     69000],
         [ 1,   4,   2,   1099,   0,     70000],
         [ 3,   2,   1,    840,   1,     71000],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    800,   0,     78000],
         [ 3,   2,   1,    746,   0,     78400],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1067,   0,     80000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1316,   0,     89000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1337,   0,     90000],
         [ 3,   2,   1,    868,   0,     90000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,    924,   0,     92000],
         [ 3,   2,   1,    610,   0,     93675],
         [ 2,   2,   1,   1220,   0,     98000],
         [ 3,   1,   1,    722,   1,     98000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1643,   0,     99000],
         [ 3,   1,   1,    722,   1,    100000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1080,   0,    106716],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1039,   0,    111000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1051,   0,    111000],
         [ 2,   2,   2,    967,   0,    114800],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1098,   0,    120108],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1050,   0,    123225],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1110,   0,    123750],
         [ 2,   3,   1,    888,   0,    125000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1120,   0,    125000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1080,   0,    126000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,    957,   0,    129000],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    952,   0,    134000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1211,   0,    135000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1264,   0,    135500],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1080,   0,    140000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1266,   0,    140000],
         [ 2,   2,   2,    994,   1,    142500],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1202,   0,    143500],
         [ 3,   2,   1,    722,   0,    145000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1448,   0,    145000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1188,   0,    145000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1183,   0,    146000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1320,   0,    148500],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1117,   0,    149000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1364,   0,    150000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1310,   0,    150000],
         [ 3,   2,   2,   1006,   0,    152000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1104,   0,    156000],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    810,   0,    156000],
         [ 3,   2,   2,   1123,   0,    156000],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    904,   0,    157788],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1156,   0,    161653],
         [ 3,   2,   1,   1321,   0,    161829],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1392,   0,    165000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1439,   0,    168000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1159,   0,    169000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1671,   0,    175000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1740,   0,    176250],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1265,   0,    179000],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1007,   0,    180000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1716,   0,    180400],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1685,   0,    182000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1829,   0,    184500],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1555,   0,    185000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1120,   0,    189000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1137,   0,    194000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1174,   0,    195000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1393,   0,    200000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1289,   0,    205000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1799,   0,    205000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   1953,   0,    205000],
         [ 3,   2,   1,    723,   0,    207000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1578,   0,    215000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1317,   0,    215000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1360,   0,    222381],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1522,   0,    225000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1751,   0,    225000],
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         [ 4,   4,   1,   1376,   0,    215000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1566,   0,    220000],
         [ 1,   2,   1,   1115,   0,    220000],
         [ 1,   2,   1,   1032,   0,    220000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1419,   0,    220000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1261,   0,    220000],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1637,   0,    220702],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1338,   0,    222000],
         [ 3,   5,   2,   2254,   0,    222750],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1441,   0,    225000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1991,   0,    225000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   2126,   0,    228750],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1094,   0,    229000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1462,   0,    230095],
         [ 2,   5,   3,   2258,   0,    232500],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1074,   0,    233000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   2111,   0,    233500],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1686,   0,    239000],
         [ 2,   4,   3,   1915,   0,    240000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   2367,   0,    240000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1962,   0,    240971],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1406,   0,    242000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1789,   0,    243450],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1876,   0,    243500],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1235,   0,    246544],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   2504,   0,    246750],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1676,   0,    247000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1367,   0,    249000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   1899,   0,    249000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1636,   0,    250000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1828,   0,    250000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1438,   0,    252000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1451,   0,    255000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1520,   0,    255000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1506,   0,    255000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   2605,   0,    257200],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1196,   0,    260000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1621,   0,    260000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1811,   0,    263500],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1540,   0,    266510],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1543,   0,    275000],
         [ 2,   5,   3,   2494,   0,    276000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1650,   0,    276500],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   2214,   0,    278000],
         [ 2,   5,   3,   2280,   0,    279000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1443,   0,    280000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1582,   0,    280000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1857,   0,    285000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1735,   0,    288000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   2096,   0,    289000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1720,   0,    290000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   2160,   0,    290000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1382,   0,    293996],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1721,   0,    294173],
         [ 4,   4,   2,   1328,   0,    295000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1982,   0,    298000],
         [ 1,   2,   1,   1144,   0,    299000],
         [ 2,   2,   2,   1623,   0,    300000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1457,   0,    300000],
         [ 3,   6,   3,   2555,   0,    300000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1577,   0,    300567],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   2592,   0,    303000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1401,   0,    305000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1502,   0,    310000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1327,   0,    310000],
         [ 4,   4,   3,   1800,   0,    310000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   2169,   0,    311518],
         [ 4,   5,   3,   2457,   0,    312000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   2004,   0,    315000],
         [ 4,   4,   3,   2212,   0,    315000],
         [ 2,   5,   3,   3134,   0,    315000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1360,   0,    315000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1276,   0,    320000],
         [ 2,   4,   3,   2962,   0,    322000],
         [ 4,   4,   2,   1888,   0,    325000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1548,   0,    328370],
         [ 2,   4,   3,   2109,   0,    330000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   2484,   0,    331200],
         [ 2,   4,   3,   2258,   0,    332000],
         [ 2,   3,   3,   2212,   0,    334000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1616,   0,    335000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   2372,   0,    341000],
         [ 4,   5,   3,   2606,   0,    346375],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   2877,   0,    349000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   2960,   0,    350000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   2172,   0,    350000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   2100,   1,    350000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1795,   0,    351000],
         [ 4,   4,   2,   2295,   0,    360000],
         [ 4,   4,   3,   2577,   0,    367463],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1727,   0,    380000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1485,   0,    380578],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1655,   0,    386222],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   2049,   0,    395500],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   2875,   0,    397000],
         [ 4,   4,   2,   2199,   0,    400000],
         [ 1,   2,   1,   1304,   0,    413500],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   2334,   0,    415000],
         [ 4,   4,   3,   2278,   0,    420454],
         [ 1,   3,   1,   1493,   0,    425000],
         [ 4,   5,   3,   2787,   0,    441000],
         [ 3,   5,   3,   2824,   0,    445000],
         [ 4,   4,   3,   3261,   0,    446000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   2053,   0,    450000],
         [ 4,   4,   3,   2379,   0,    455000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   3173,   0,    525000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1348,   0,    545000],
         [ 1,   2,   1,   1252,   0,    575000],
         [ 4,   4,   3,   3229,   0,    575000],
         [ 3,   5,   4,   3863,   0,    598695],
         [ 4,   4,   3,   2356,   0,    600000],
         [ 4,   5,   3,   3579,   0,    610000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1512,   0,     56950],
         [ 3,   1,   1,    611,   1,     60000],
         [ 3,   2,   1,    876,   0,     61000],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    933,   1,     62000],
         [ 3,   2,   1,    864,   0,     68566],
         [ 2,   2,   1,   1011,   0,     70000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1158,   0,     80000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1092,   0,     85500],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    956,   1,     92000],
         [ 3,   2,   2,   1139,   0,     93600],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1058,   0,     95000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1040,   0,     97750],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1354,   0,    104000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1051,   0,    105000],
         [ 2,   1,   1,    682,   1,    107666],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1161,   0,    109000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1004,   0,    110000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1229,   0,    110000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1249,   0,    112500],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1161,   0,    114800],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1010,   0,    116000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1462,   0,    121500],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1269,   0,    122000],
         [ 3,   2,   2,   1188,   0,    123675],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1570,   0,    126854],
         [ 1,   3,   2,   1093,   0,    127059],
         [ 3,   3,   1,    962,   0,    128687],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1089,   0,    129500],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1127,   0,    130000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1309,   0,    131750],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    970,   0,    132000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1144,   0,    134000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1000,   0,    134000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1206,   0,    142000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1285,   0,    143012],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1543,   0,    145846],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    884,   0,    147000],
         [ 1,   3,   1,   1019,   0,    148750],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1392,   0,    150000],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    924,   1,    150454],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1217,   0,    151087],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1670,   0,    157296],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1302,   0,    157500],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1488,   0,    160000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1373,   0,    160000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1381,   0,    161250],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1265,   0,    164000],
         [ 1,   2,   1,    881,   0,    165000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1608,   0,    165750],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1344,   0,    166000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1202,   0,    169000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1104,   0,    170000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1232,   0,    170000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1638,   0,    170725],
         [ 3,   2,   2,   1177,   0,    171750],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1582,   0,    172000],
         [ 3,   2,   2,    904,   0,    173056],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1340,   0,    174000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1204,   0,    174250],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1477,   0,    176850],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1497,   0,    179500],
         [ 2,   3,   1,    960,   0,    185000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1428,   0,    188700],
         [ 3,   3,   1,   1039,   0,    189000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1529,   0,    189000],
         [ 2,   4,   3,   1892,   0,    189836],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1887,   0,    190000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1294,   0,    191250],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1638,   0,    191675],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1677,   0,    195500],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1073,   0,    198000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1231,   0,    200000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1175,   0,    200000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1416,   0,    200000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1358,   0,    201528],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1609,   0,    204750],
         [ 2,   4,   3,   1968,   0,    205000],
         [ 1,   2,   2,   1089,   0,    205000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1296,   0,    205900],
         [ 3,   2,   2,   1189,   0,    207000],
         [ 2,   2,   1,    795,   0,    207973],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1371,   0,    208250],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1310,   0,    208318],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1262,   0,    209347],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1740,   0,    211500],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1517,   0,    212000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1450,   0,    213000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1416,   0,    216000],
         [ 3,   3,   1,    888,   0,    216021],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1882,   0,    219000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1302,   0,    219794],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1418,   0,    220000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1319,   0,    220000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1770,   0,    220000],
         [ 2,   4,   2,   1627,   0,    223000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1040,   0,    224000],
         [ 2,   3,   1,    960,   0,    224252],
         [ 2,   3,   1,   1456,   0,    225000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1450,   0,    228000],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1358,   0,    229027],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1329,   0,    229500],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1715,   0,    230000],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1262,   0,    230000],
         [ 3,   4,   3,   2280,   0,    232425],
         [ 3,   3,   2,   1477,   0,    234000],
         [ 2,   3,   2,   1216,   0,    235000],
         [ 3,   4,   2,   1685,   0,    235301],
         [ 4,   3,   2,   1362,   0,    235738]])
    return { 
        "price": X[:,5] / 1000,  # selling price in 1000 dollars
        "area": X[:,3] / 1000,   # house area in 1000 square feet
        "beds": X[:,1],          # number of bedrooms
        "baths": X[:,2],         # number of bathrooms
        "condo": X[:,4],         # 1 if condo, 0 otherwise 
        "location": X[:,0]}     # location (1,2,3,4)