feat(AIP-155): enforce format uuid4 guidance (#1272)

Enforces new AIP-155 guidance that says `request_id` should have `(google.api.field_info).format = UUID4`.

docs/rules/0155/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+aip_listing: 155
+permalink: /155/
+redirect_from:
+  - /0155/
+---
+
+# Singleton resources
+
+{% include linter-aip-listing.md aip=155 %}

docs/rules/0155/request-id-format.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+---
+rule:
+  aip: 155
+  name: [core, '0155', request-id-format]
+  summary: Annotate request_id with UUID4 format.
+permalink: /155/request-id-format
+redirect_from:
+  - /0155/request-id-format
+---
+
+# `request_id` format annotation
+
+This rule encourages the use of the `UUID4` format annotation on the
+`request_id` field, as mandated in [AIP-155][].
+
+## Details
+
+This rule looks on for fields named `request_id` and complains if it does not
+have the `(google.api.field_info).format = UUID4` annotation or has a format
+other than `UUID4`.
+
+## Examples
+
+**Incorrect** code for this rule:
+
+```proto
+// Incorrect.
+message CreateBookRequest {
+  string parent = 1;
+
+  Book book = 2;
+
+  string request_id = 3; // missing (google.api.field_info).format = UUID4
+}
+```
+
+**Correct** code for this rule:
+
+```proto
+// Correct.
+message CreateBookRequest {
+  string parent = 1;
+
+  Book book = 2;
+
+  string request_id = 3 [(google.api.field_info).format = UUID4];
+}
+```
+
+## Disabling
+
+If you need to violate this rule, use a leading comment above the field or its
+enclosing message. Remember to also include an [aip.dev/not-precedent][]
+comment explaining why.
+
+```proto
+message CreateBookRequest {
+  string parent = 1;
+
+  Book book = 2;
+
+  // (-- api-linter: core::0155::request-id-format=disabled
+  //     aip.dev/not-precedent: We need to do this because reasons. --)
+  string request_id = 3;
+}
+```
+
+If you need to violate this rule for an entire file, place the comment at the
+top of the file.
+
+[aip-155]: https://aip.dev/155
+[aip.dev/not-precedent]: https://aip.dev/not-precedent

rules/aip0155/aip0155.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright 2023 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Package aip0155 contains rules defined in https://aip.dev/155.
+package aip0155
+
+import (
+	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/lint"
+)
+
+// AddRules adds all of the AIP-155 rules to the provided registry.
+func AddRules(r lint.RuleRegistry) error {
+	return r.Register(
+		155,
+		requestIdFormat,
+	)
+}

rules/aip0155/aip0155_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Copyright 2023 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package aip0155
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/lint"
+)
+
+func TestAddRules(t *testing.T) {
+	if err := AddRules(lint.NewRuleRegistry()); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("AddRules got an error: %v", err)
+	}
+}

rules/aip0155/request_id_format.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright 2023 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package aip0155
+
+import (
+	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/lint"
+	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/rules/internal/utils"
+	"github.com/jhump/protoreflect/desc"
+	"google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api/annotations"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/descriptorpb"
+)
+
+var requestIdFormat = &lint.FieldRule{
+	Name: lint.NewRuleName(155, "request-id-format"),
+	OnlyIf: func(fd *desc.FieldDescriptor) bool {
+		return fd.GetType() == descriptorpb.FieldDescriptorProto_TYPE_STRING &&
+			fd.GetName() == "request_id"
+	},
+	LintField: func(fd *desc.FieldDescriptor) []lint.Problem {
+		if !utils.HasFormat(fd) || utils.GetFormat(fd) != annotations.FieldInfo_UUID4 {
+			return []lint.Problem{{
+				Message:    "The `request_id` field should have a `(google.api.field_info).format = UUID4` annotation.",
+				Descriptor: fd,
+			}}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	},
+}

rules/aip0155/request_id_format_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// Copyright 2023 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package aip0155
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/rules/internal/testutils"
+)
+
+func TestRequestIdFormat(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, test := range []struct {
+		name, Annotation, FieldName, Type string
+		problems                          testutils.Problems
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "ValidRequestIdFormat",
+			FieldName:  "request_id",
+			Annotation: "[(google.api.field_info).format = UUID4]",
+			Type:       "string",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "SkipNonRequestId",
+			FieldName: "other",
+			Type:      "string",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "SkipNonStringRequestId",
+			FieldName: "request_id",
+			Type:      "Foo",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "InvalidMissingFormat",
+			FieldName: "request_id",
+			Type:      "string",
+			problems:  testutils.Problems{{Message: "format = UUID4"}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "InvalidWrongFormat",
+			FieldName:  "request_id",
+			Annotation: "[(google.api.field_info).format = IPV4]",
+			Type:       "string",
+			problems:   testutils.Problems{{Message: "format = UUID4"}},
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			f := testutils.ParseProto3Tmpl(t, `
+				import "google/api/field_info.proto";
+				message Person {
+					{{.Type}} {{.FieldName}} = 2 {{.Annotation}};
+				}
+				message Foo {}
+			`, test)
+			field := f.GetMessageTypes()[0].GetFields()[0]
+			if diff := test.problems.SetDescriptor(field).Diff(requestIdFormat.Lint(f)); diff != "" {
+				t.Errorf(diff)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

rules/rules.go

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/rules/aip0151"
 	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/rules/aip0152"
 	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/rules/aip0154"
+	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/rules/aip0155"
 	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/rules/aip0156"
 	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/rules/aip0157"
 	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/rules/aip0158"
@@ -123,6 +124,7 @@ var aipAddRulesFuncs = []addRulesFuncType{
 	aip0151.AddRules,
 	aip0152.AddRules,
 	aip0154.AddRules,
+	aip0155.AddRules,
 	aip0156.AddRules,
 	aip0157.AddRules,
 	aip0158.AddRules,