backend.go

package local

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"sort"
	"strings"
	"sync"

	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/backend"
	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/helper/schema"
	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/state"
	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/terraform"
	"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
	"github.com/mitchellh/colorstring"
)

const (
	DefaultEnvDir          = "terraform.tfstate.d"
	DefaultEnvFile         = "environment"
	DefaultStateFilename   = "terraform.tfstate"
	DefaultDataDir         = ".terraform"
	DefaultBackupExtension = ".backup"
)

// Local is an implementation of EnhancedBackend that performs all operations
// locally. This is the "default" backend and implements normal Terraform
// behavior as it is well known.
type Local struct {
	// CLI and Colorize control the CLI output. If CLI is nil then no CLI
	// output will be done. If CLIColor is nil then no coloring will be done.
	CLI      cli.Ui
	CLIColor *colorstring.Colorize

	// The State* paths are set from the CLI options, and may be left blank to
	// use the defaults. If the actual paths for the local backend state are
	// needed, use the StatePaths method.
	//
	// StatePath is the local path where state is read from.
	//
	// StateOutPath is the local path where the state will be written.
	// If this is empty, it will default to StatePath.
	//
	// StateBackupPath is the local path where a backup file will be written.
	// Set this to "-" to disable state backup.
	//
	// StateEnvPath is the path to the folder containing environments. This
	// defaults to DefaultEnvDir if not set.
	StatePath       string
	StateOutPath    string
	StateBackupPath string
	StateEnvDir     string

	// We only want to create a single instance of a local state, so store them
	// here as they're loaded.
	states map[string]state.State

	// Terraform context. Many of these will be overridden or merged by
	// Operation. See Operation for more details.
	ContextOpts *terraform.ContextOpts

	// OpInput will ask for necessary input prior to performing any operations.
	//
	// OpValidation will perform validation prior to running an operation. The
	// variable naming doesn't match the style of others since we have a func
	// Validate.
	OpInput      bool
	OpValidation bool

	// Backend, if non-nil, will use this backend for non-enhanced behavior.
	// This allows local behavior with remote state storage. It is a way to
	// "upgrade" a non-enhanced backend to an enhanced backend with typical
	// behavior.
	//
	// If this is nil, local performs normal state loading and storage.
	Backend backend.Backend

	schema *schema.Backend
	opLock sync.Mutex
	once   sync.Once
}

func (b *Local) Input(
	ui terraform.UIInput, c *terraform.ResourceConfig) (*terraform.ResourceConfig, error) {
	b.once.Do(b.init)

	f := b.schema.Input
	if b.Backend != nil {
		f = b.Backend.Input
	}

	return f(ui, c)
}

func (b *Local) Validate(c *terraform.ResourceConfig) ([]string, []error) {
	b.once.Do(b.init)

	f := b.schema.Validate
	if b.Backend != nil {
		f = b.Backend.Validate
	}

	return f(c)
}

func (b *Local) Configure(c *terraform.ResourceConfig) error {
	b.once.Do(b.init)

	f := b.schema.Configure
	if b.Backend != nil {
		f = b.Backend.Configure
	}

	return f(c)
}

func (b *Local) States() ([]string, error) {
	// If we have a backend handling state, defer to that.
	if b.Backend != nil {
		return b.Backend.States()
	}

	// the listing always start with "default"
	envs := []string{backend.DefaultStateName}

	entries, err := ioutil.ReadDir(b.stateEnvDir())
	// no error if there's no envs configured
	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
		return envs, nil
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	var listed []string
	for _, entry := range entries {
		if entry.IsDir() {
			listed = append(listed, filepath.Base(entry.Name()))
		}
	}

	sort.Strings(listed)
	envs = append(envs, listed...)

	return envs, nil
}

// DeleteState removes a named state.
// The "default" state cannot be removed.
func (b *Local) DeleteState(name string) error {
	// If we have a backend handling state, defer to that.
	if b.Backend != nil {
		return b.Backend.DeleteState(name)
	}

	if name == "" {
		return errors.New("empty state name")
	}

	if name == backend.DefaultStateName {
		return errors.New("cannot delete default state")
	}

	delete(b.states, name)
	return os.RemoveAll(filepath.Join(b.stateEnvDir(), name))
}

func (b *Local) State(name string) (state.State, error) {
	// If we have a backend handling state, defer to that.
	if b.Backend != nil {
		return b.Backend.State(name)
	}

	if s, ok := b.states[name]; ok {
		return s, nil
	}

	if err := b.createState(name); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	statePath, stateOutPath, backupPath := b.StatePaths(name)

	// Otherwise, we need to load the state.
	var s state.State = &state.LocalState{
		Path:    statePath,
		PathOut: stateOutPath,
	}

	// If we are backing up the state, wrap it
	if backupPath != "" {
		s = &state.BackupState{
			Real: s,
			Path: backupPath,
		}
	}

	if b.states == nil {
		b.states = map[string]state.State{}
	}
	b.states[name] = s
	return s, nil
}

// Operation implements backend.Enhanced
//
// This will initialize an in-memory terraform.Context to perform the
// operation within this process.
//
// The given operation parameter will be merged with the ContextOpts on
// the structure with the following rules. If a rule isn't specified and the
// name conflicts, assume that the field is overwritten if set.
func (b *Local) Operation(ctx context.Context, op *backend.Operation) (*backend.RunningOperation, error) {
	// Determine the function to call for our operation
	var f func(context.Context, *backend.Operation, *backend.RunningOperation)
	switch op.Type {
	case backend.OperationTypeRefresh:
		f = b.opRefresh
	case backend.OperationTypePlan:
		f = b.opPlan
	case backend.OperationTypeApply:
		f = b.opApply
	default:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
			"Unsupported operation type: %s\n\n"+
				"This is a bug in Terraform and should be reported. The local backend\n"+
				"is built-in to Terraform and should always support all operations.",
			op.Type)
	}

	// Lock
	b.opLock.Lock()

	// Build our running operation
	runningCtx, runningCtxCancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
	runningOp := &backend.RunningOperation{Context: runningCtx}

	// Do it
	go func() {
		defer b.opLock.Unlock()
		defer runningCtxCancel()
		f(ctx, op, runningOp)
	}()

	// Return
	return runningOp, nil
}

// Colorize returns the Colorize structure that can be used for colorizing
// output. This is gauranteed to always return a non-nil value and so is useful
// as a helper to wrap any potentially colored strings.
func (b *Local) Colorize() *colorstring.Colorize {
	if b.CLIColor != nil {
		return b.CLIColor
	}

	return &colorstring.Colorize{
		Colors:  colorstring.DefaultColors,
		Disable: true,
	}
}

func (b *Local) init() {
	b.schema = &schema.Backend{
		Schema: map[string]*schema.Schema{
			"path": &schema.Schema{
				Type:     schema.TypeString,
				Optional: true,
				Default:  "",
			},

			"environment_dir": &schema.Schema{
				Type:     schema.TypeString,
				Optional: true,
				Default:  "",
			},
		},

		ConfigureFunc: b.schemaConfigure,
	}
}

func (b *Local) schemaConfigure(ctx context.Context) error {
	d := schema.FromContextBackendConfig(ctx)

	// Set the path if it is set
	pathRaw, ok := d.GetOk("path")
	if ok {
		path := pathRaw.(string)
		if path == "" {
			return fmt.Errorf("configured path is empty")
		}

		b.StatePath = path
		b.StateOutPath = path
	}

	if raw, ok := d.GetOk("environment_dir"); ok {
		path := raw.(string)
		if path != "" {
			b.StateEnvDir = path
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// StatePaths returns the StatePath, StateOutPath, and StateBackupPath as
// configured from the CLI.
func (b *Local) StatePaths(name string) (string, string, string) {
	statePath := b.StatePath
	stateOutPath := b.StateOutPath
	backupPath := b.StateBackupPath

	if name == "" {
		name = backend.DefaultStateName
	}

	if name == backend.DefaultStateName {
		if statePath == "" {
			statePath = DefaultStateFilename
		}
	} else {
		statePath = filepath.Join(b.stateEnvDir(), name, DefaultStateFilename)
	}

	if stateOutPath == "" {
		stateOutPath = statePath
	}

	switch backupPath {
	case "-":
		backupPath = ""
	case "":
		backupPath = stateOutPath + DefaultBackupExtension
	}

	return statePath, stateOutPath, backupPath
}

// this only ensures that the named directory exists
func (b *Local) createState(name string) error {
	if name == backend.DefaultStateName {
		return nil
	}

	stateDir := filepath.Join(b.stateEnvDir(), name)
	s, err := os.Stat(stateDir)
	if err == nil && s.IsDir() {
		// no need to check for os.IsNotExist, since that is covered by os.MkdirAll
		// which will catch the other possible errors as well.
		return nil
	}

	err = os.MkdirAll(stateDir, 0755)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

// stateEnvDir returns the directory where state environments are stored.
func (b *Local) stateEnvDir() string {
	if b.StateEnvDir != "" {
		return b.StateEnvDir
	}

	return DefaultEnvDir
}

// currentStateName returns the name of the current named state as set in the
// configuration files.
// If there are no configured environments, currentStateName returns "default"
func (b *Local) currentStateName() (string, error) {
	contents, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Join(DefaultDataDir, DefaultEnvFile))
	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
		return backend.DefaultStateName, nil
	}
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	if fromFile := strings.TrimSpace(string(contents)); fromFile != "" {
		return fromFile, nil
	}

	return backend.DefaultStateName, nil
}