Add support for ESPHome raw bluetooth advertisements

[bdraco]

Edit: After running this in production for a bit, the results wildly exceed expectations. The overall runtime to process the incoming data on the ha system is down by at least 10%, and esphome incoming data path run time is down by at least 50% when coupled with the new Bluetooth-data-tools.

I know it's a bit counterintuitive to have a remote device be faster than a local one, but I don't even have to profile them to tell that my olimex Poe iso ea proxies are faster than the local adapter now as the time it takes to lock and unlock a Yale lock is a about half the time with the proxy vs the local adapter.

I'll work on a pr to bump the recommended esphome version for Bluetooth proxies to 2023.6.0+

Proposed change

We now send advertisements in bundles of up to 16. The raw bytes are parsed by bluetooth_data_tools to take the load of the esp device and reduce the amount of time the wifi radio is being used. In testing the reduced number of packets and the redunction in processing of the packets more than offset the cost of doing the parsing in the library vs the ESP. This improves Bluetooth and Wi-Fi co-existance since we significantly reduce the number of packets (being sent over Wi-Fi) needed to get the bluetooth data from the ESP to HA.

Note that packets are only bundled together if the esphome code already bundled them together which means there is no significant change in latency (faster in most cases since the overhead to read and unpack the protobuf packet had to be done between each ble packet before)

esphome/esphome#4924 is required to use the new code path (but is backwards compatible)

library bump:
aioesphomeapi esphome/aioesphomeapi@v13.9.0...v14.0.0

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
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[home-assistant]

Hey there @OttoWinter, @jesserockz, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (esphome) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!

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[bdraco]

Toothbrush test is much smoother now. The esp has yet to complain about too many packets to process anymore.

[bdraco]

tested all day. looks good 👍