ci(github): fix VSCode dev container publish job - use official builder

[petermetz]

1. We don't have a Dockerfile anymore to define the image of the dev container
   instead the build's input is the devcontainer.json file which can be built
   using the @devcontainers/cli npm package instead of the usual docker build
   command on the terminal.
2. The ci.yaml job building the image was already doing the build this way but
   we must've forgotten to update the publish job as well.

Signed-off-by: Peter Somogyvari peter.somogyvari@accenture.com

Pull Request Requirements

• Rebased onto upstream/main branch and squashed into single commit to help maintainers review it more efficient and to avoid spaghetti git commit graphs that obfuscate which commit did exactly what change, when and, why.
• Have git sign off at the end of commit message to avoid being marked red. You can add -s flag when using git commit command. You may refer to this link for more information.
• Follow the Commit Linting specification. You may refer to this link for more information.

Character Limit

• Pull Request Title and Commit Subject must not exceed 72 characters (including spaces and special characters).
• Commit Message per line must not exceed 80 characters (including spaces and special characters).

A Must Read for Beginners
For rebasing and squashing, here's a must read guide for beginners.