Improve import times

[jyn514]

Importing keyring takes more than 2 seconds with a cold cache on my machine, which is more than half the startup time of my CLI app (I have a very slow hard disk). Would it be possible to improve the start time a little?

The main offenders are secretstorage and keyring.core, which makes up more than half the time on its own. Timing info is generated with python -X importtime -c 'import keyring'. I ensured a cold cache with echo 3 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches as per http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9551838/ddg#9551853, it's probably different on non-linux systems.

Timing info

import time:      1365 |       1365 |       collections.abc
import time:      4709 |       4709 |         enum
import time:       448 |        448 |           _sre
import time:      2479 |       2479 |             sre_constants
import time:      2616 |       5095 |           sre_parse
import time:      5423 |      10965 |         sre_compile
import time:     11241 |      11241 |         copyreg
import time:      5906 |      32819 |       re
import time:     18352 |      52535 |     configparser
import time:       538 |        538 |       time
import time:      8394 |       8394 |             token
import time:      6183 |      14577 |           tokenize
import time:      1330 |      15906 |         linecache
import time:      1987 |      17892 |       traceback
import time:      2693 |       2693 |         _weakrefset
import time:     12392 |      15085 |       weakref
import time:       298 |        298 |         _string
import time:      9539 |       9837 |       string
import time:      3303 |       3303 |       threading
import time:       252 |        252 |       atexit
import time:     23558 |      70461 |     logging
import time:      8688 |       8688 |           fnmatch
import time:     10666 |      19353 |         glob
import time:       418 |        418 |             errno
import time:       433 |        433 |             zlib
import time:      8698 |       8698 |               _compression
import time:     58627 |      58627 |               _bz2
import time:      1946 |      69270 |             bz2
import time:     20977 |      20977 |               _lzma
import time:     28508 |      49485 |             lzma
import time:       277 |        277 |             pwd
import time:       192 |        192 |             grp
import time:     12027 |     132099 |           shutil
import time:       431 |        431 |             _struct
import time:      1250 |       1681 |           struct
import time:      1200 |       1200 |           binascii
import time:     14949 |     149927 |         zipfile
import time:     41826 |     211105 |       entrypoints
import time:      1613 |       1613 |       keyring.credentials
import time:      1831 |       1831 |       keyring.errors
import time:     13431 |      13431 |       keyring.util
import time:      4978 |       4978 |       keyring.util.properties
import time:      2960 |     235916 |     keyring.backend
import time:      9649 |       9649 |           signal
import time:       190 |        190 |           _posixsubprocess
import time:       210 |        210 |           select
import time:       185 |        185 |             math
import time:      2080 |       2265 |           selectors
import time:      3351 |      15663 |         subprocess
import time:     13548 |      29210 |       platform
import time:     33676 |      62885 |     keyring.util.platform_
import time:     19072 |      19072 |     keyring.backends
import time:      1549 |       1549 |     keyring.backends.fail
import time:      1298 |       1298 |       dbus._compat
import time:      3634 |       3634 |       dbus.exceptions
import time:       603 |        603 |         _dbus_bindings
import time:      1491 |       2093 |       dbus.types
import time:      8496 |      15520 |     dbus
import time:      4473 |       4473 |             jeepney.auth
import time:     10266 |      10266 |             jeepney.low_level
import time:      5936 |       5936 |             jeepney.bus
import time:     10051 |      10051 |               typing
import time:      1125 |      11176 |             jeepney.wrappers
import time:      9950 |      41798 |           jeepney
import time:     13426 |      55224 |         jeepney.integrate
import time:       442 |        442 |           _socket
import time:     14430 |      14872 |         socket
import time:       605 |        605 |         jeepney.routing
import time:      8427 |       8427 |         jeepney.bus_messages
import time:      5204 |      84330 |       jeepney.integrate.blocking
import time:      5566 |       5566 |         secretstorage.defines
import time:     50755 |      50755 |             _hashlib
import time:        90 |         90 |               _blake2
import time:       148 |        148 |               _sha3
import time:      9855 |      10092 |             hashlib
import time:      5566 |      66412 |           hmac
import time:     12869 |      12869 |               __future__
import time:       883 |        883 |               cryptography.__about__
import time:     18692 |      32443 |             cryptography
import time:      1828 |       1828 |                   _opcode
import time:      9447 |      11274 |                 opcode
import time:      9412 |      20686 |               dis
import time:     18489 |      39175 |             inspect
import time:      8766 |      80382 |           cryptography.utils
import time:       661 |     147454 |         secretstorage.dhcrypto
import time:      1467 |       1467 |         secretstorage.exceptions
import time:      6755 |       6755 |                 cryptography.hazmat
import time:     15585 |      22339 |               cryptography.hazmat.primitives
import time:     33452 |      33452 |                 six
import time:      1417 |       1417 |                 cryptography.exceptions
import time:      8792 |       8792 |                   cryptography.hazmat.backends
import time:     14971 |      23763 |                 cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces
import time:      6305 |       6305 |                 cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.modes
import time:      3810 |      68745 |               cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.base
import time:      1920 |      93003 |             cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers
import time:      2382 |       2382 |             cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.algorithms
import time:      1633 |      97018 |           secretstorage.util
import time:      1402 |      98419 |         secretstorage.item
import time:      9227 |     262131 |       secretstorage.collection
import time:      6188 |     352648 |     secretstorage
import time:       614 |        614 |       win32ctypes
import time:       109 |        722 |     win32ctypes.pywin32
import time:       477 |        477 |     pywintypes
import time:     38097 |      38097 |         _ctypes
import time:      1819 |       1819 |         ctypes._endian
import time:     17215 |      57130 |       ctypes
import time:      1176 |      58305 |     keyring.backends._OS_X_API
import time:   1114529 |    1984614 |   keyring.core
import time:     69843 |    2054456 | keyring

[mitya57]

keyring.core tries to find and load the best backend during import (init_backend() is called).

You can probably speed up that by specifying a particular backend using the configuration file or PYTHON_KEYRING_BACKEND environment variable.

The other offender you named, secretstorage, does not do anything particular during import. Maybe the time is spent during initialization — it tries to connect and authenticate to session D-Bus, and tests that the Secret Service daemon is working. I’m not sure we can do anything about this. Do you need this back-end at all?

[jyn514]

I tried setting PYTHON_KEYRING_BACKEND but it did not speed up the import time. Looking at the implementation of init_backend it seems that all backends are loaded regardless of any environment variables. In the callgraph below you can see that get_all_backends (really, _load_plugins) takes 1.6 seconds of the startup time:

function call times

         80093 function calls (78373 primitive calls) in 2.513 seconds

   Ordered by: cumulative time

   ncalls  tottime  percall  cumtime  percall filename:lineno(function)
     99/1    0.003    0.000    2.513    2.513 {built-in method builtins.exec}
        1    0.000    0.000    2.513    2.513 <string>:1(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    2.513    2.513 runpy.py:195(run_module)
     21/3    0.000    0.000    2.465    0.822 {built-in method builtins.__import__}
    106/2    0.002    0.000    2.465    1.232 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:978(_find_and_load)
    106/2    0.001    0.000    2.465    1.232 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:948(_find_and_load_unlocked)
    102/2    0.002    0.000    2.463    1.231 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:663(_load_unlocked)
     83/2    0.001    0.000    2.462    1.231 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:722(exec_module)
      2/1    0.000    0.000    2.455    2.455 runpy.py:102(_get_module_details)
    144/2    0.001    0.000    2.415    1.207 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:211(_call_with_frames_removed)
        5    0.000    0.000    2.406    0.481 __init__.py:1(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    2.349    2.349 core.py:3(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    1.772    1.772 core.py:80(init_backend)
        2    0.000    0.000    1.675    0.838 __init__.py:20(wrapper)
        1    0.000    0.000    1.675    1.675 backend.py:196(get_all_keyring)
        1    0.000    0.000    1.675    1.675 backend.py:166(_load_plugins)
        1    0.000    0.000    1.118    1.118 entrypoints.py:230(get_group_all)
       26    0.002    0.000    1.116    0.043 entrypoints.py:117(iter_files_distros)
   150/41    0.002    0.000    0.878    0.021 glob.py:39(_iglob)
       95    0.001    0.000    0.817    0.009 glob.py:85(_glob0)
       95    0.001    0.000    0.816    0.009 posixpath.py:178(lexists)
       95    0.815    0.009    0.815    0.009 {built-in method posix.lstat}
       84    0.005    0.000    0.685    0.008 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:793(get_code)
       89    0.141    0.002    0.617    0.007 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:914(get_data)
  198/133    0.001    0.000    0.565    0.004 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:1009(_handle_fromlist)
        5    0.000    0.000    0.557    0.111 entrypoints.py:79(load)
        5    0.000    0.000    0.557    0.111 __init__.py:109(import_module)
        5    0.000    0.000    0.557    0.111 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:994(_gcd_import)
       84    0.477    0.006    0.477    0.006 {method 'read' of '_io.FileIO' objects}
        1    0.000    0.000    0.375    0.375 SecretService.py:1(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.358    0.358 __init__.py:8(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.302    0.302 backend.py:3(<module>)
      107    0.003    0.000    0.300    0.003 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:882(_find_spec)
       94    0.000    0.000    0.293    0.003 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:1272(find_spec)
       94    0.002    0.000    0.293    0.003 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:1240(_get_spec)
      173    0.007    0.000    0.285    0.002 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:1356(find_spec)
      417    0.001    0.000    0.268    0.001 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:74(_path_stat)
      443    0.268    0.001    0.268    0.001 {built-in method posix.stat}
      155    0.001    0.000    0.249    0.002 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:84(_path_is_mode_type)
      136    0.000    0.000    0.249    0.002 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:93(_path_isfile)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.239    0.239 collection.py:16(<module>)
       25    0.002    0.000    0.216    0.009 configparser.py:678(read)
       25    0.201    0.008    0.210    0.008 configparser.py:990(_read)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.140    0.140 dhcrypto.py:8(<module>)
      102    0.001    0.000    0.132    0.001 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:576(module_from_spec)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.125    0.125 entrypoints.py:1(<module>)
        6    0.000    0.000    0.119    0.020 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:1040(create_module)
        6    0.119    0.020    0.119    0.020 {built-in method _imp.create_dynamic}
       25    0.000    0.000    0.096    0.004 {built-in method builtins.max}
     15/8    0.008    0.001    0.096    0.012 properties.py:25(__get__)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.091    0.091 item.py:10(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.090    0.090 util.py:7(<module>)
        2    0.000    0.000    0.088    0.044 SecretService.py:30(priority)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.086    0.086 platform_.py:1(<module>)
       12    0.000    0.000    0.085    0.007 blocking.py:62(send_and_get_reply)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.085    0.085 zipfile.py:5(<module>)
        4    0.000    0.000    0.080    0.020 __init__.py:28(suppress_exceptions)
        4    0.000    0.000    0.080    0.020 __init__.py:5(<module>)
       10    0.000    0.000    0.078    0.008 util.py:45(send_and_get_reply)
       13    0.000    0.000    0.077    0.006 blocking.py:49(recv_messages)
        8    0.000    0.000    0.076    0.009 collection.py:150(get_all_collections)
        8    0.000    0.000    0.076    0.009 util.py:63(get_property)
        6    0.000    0.000    0.072    0.012 backend.py:60(viable)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.072    0.072 OS_X.py:1(<module>)
       15    0.070    0.005    0.070    0.005 {method 'recv' of '_socket.socket' objects}
        1    0.000    0.000    0.065    0.065 _OS_X_API.py:1(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.063    0.063 shutil.py:5(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.062    0.062 base.py:5(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.058    0.058 runpy.py:62(_run_code)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.058    0.058 __main__.py:1(<module>)
       14    0.000    0.000    0.055    0.004 glob.py:79(_glob1)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.054    0.054 hmac.py:4(<module>)
      528    0.006    0.000    0.050    0.000 glob.py:114(_iterdir)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.047    0.047 __init__.py:2(<module>)
       56    0.000    0.000    0.045    0.001 re.py:232(compile)
       56    0.001    0.000    0.044    0.001 re.py:271(_compile)
      312    0.017    0.000    0.043    0.000 {built-in method builtins.__build_class__}
     1126    0.043    0.000    0.043    0.000 {method 'is_dir' of 'posix.DirEntry' objects}
        1    0.000    0.000    0.043    0.043 __init__.py:24(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.042    0.042 blocking.py:2(<module>)
       32    0.001    0.000    0.042    0.001 sre_compile.py:759(compile)
        2    0.000    0.000    0.041    0.020 util.py:73(find_spec)
        3    0.000    0.000    0.039    0.013 platform.py:1084(system)
        3    0.000    0.000    0.039    0.013 platform.py:946(uname)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.039    0.039 platform.py:803(_syscmd_uname)
        1    0.037    0.037    0.037    0.037 {method 'read' of '_io.TextIOWrapper' objects}
        1    0.000    0.000    0.033    0.033 utils.py:5(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.033    0.033 cli.py:2(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.032    0.032 platform.py:10(<module>)
       79    0.001    0.000    0.028    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:523(_compile_bytecode)
       32    0.001    0.000    0.028    0.001 sre_parse.py:919(parse)
   118/32    0.001    0.000    0.027    0.001 sre_parse.py:417(_parse_sub)
       79    0.026    0.000    0.026    0.000 {built-in method marshal.loads}
   130/35    0.009    0.000    0.026    0.001 sre_parse.py:475(_parse)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.025    0.025 bz2.py:5(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.024    0.024 wrappers.py:1(<module>)
        5    0.000    0.000    0.022    0.004 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:785(source_to_code)
        5    0.022    0.004    0.022    0.004 {built-in method builtins.compile}
        1    0.000    0.000    0.022    0.022 lzma.py:9(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.020    0.020 inspect.py:27(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.018    0.018 kwallet.py:1(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.017    0.017 traceback.py:1(<module>)
       25    0.001    0.000    0.016    0.001 configparser.py:600(__init__)
        7    0.000    0.000    0.016    0.002 enum.py:633(_convert)
        6    0.000    0.000    0.016    0.003 collection.py:36(__init__)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.015    0.015 linecache.py:6(<module>)
        1    0.001    0.001    0.013    0.013 tokenize.py:21(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.013    0.013 socket.py:47(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.013    0.013 configparser.py:139(<module>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.012    0.012 subprocess.py:42(<module>)
       32    0.000    0.000    0.012    0.000 sre_compile.py:598(_code)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.012    0.012 getpass.py:11(<module>)
        2    0.000    0.000    0.012    0.006 __init__.py:23(dbus_init)
      137    0.000    0.000    0.012    0.000 enum.py:284(__call__)
        7    0.000    0.000    0.011    0.002 enum.py:389(_create_)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.010    0.010 glob.py:1(<module>)
       12    0.004    0.000    0.010    0.001 enum.py:135(__new__)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.010    0.010 dis.py:1(<module>)
        2    0.000    0.000    0.010    0.005 __init__.py:10(<module>)
       25    0.002    0.000    0.010    0.000 configparser.py:1314(__init__)
      102    0.002    0.000    0.009    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:504(_init_module_attrs)
   230/32    0.004    0.000    0.009    0.000 sre_compile.py:71(_compile)
        2    0.000    0.000    0.009    0.004 blocking.py:89(connect_and_authenticate)
      939    0.003    0.000    0.008    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:56(_path_join)
       12    0.000    0.000    0.008    0.001 blocking.py:43(send_message)
        1    0.001    0.001    0.008    0.008 typing.py:19(<module>)
       12    0.000    0.000    0.007    0.001 low_level.py:380(serialise)
        2    0.000    0.000    0.007    0.004 blocking.py:35(__init__)
        2    0.000    0.000    0.007    0.003 blocking.py:80(inner)
       13    0.000    0.000    0.007    0.001 low_level.py:405(feed)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.007    0.007 configparser.py:559(RawConfigParser)
       27    0.000    0.000    0.006    0.000 low_level.py:413(_read1)
      168    0.003    0.000    0.006    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:271(cache_from_source)
       12    0.000    0.000    0.006    0.000 low_level.py:339(serialise)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.006    0.006 signal.py:1(<module>)
      218    0.001    0.000    0.006    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:1203(_path_importer_cache)
       14    0.000    0.000    0.006    0.000 low_level.py:370(from_buffer)
      261    0.003    0.000    0.006    0.000 posixpath.py:75(join)
       12    0.000    0.000    0.005    0.000 low_level.py:318(serialise_header_fields)
       37    0.000    0.000    0.005    0.000 utils.py:46(register_decorator)
       55    0.000    0.000    0.005    0.000 abc.py:125(__new__)
     2285    0.002    0.000    0.005    0.000 sre_parse.py:254(get)
       68    0.001    0.000    0.005    0.000 low_level.py:147(serialise)
       26    0.005    0.000    0.005    0.000 {built-in method builtins.dir}
       14    0.004    0.000    0.005    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:1190(_path_hooks)
       33    0.004    0.000    0.005    0.000 {built-in method io.open}
      106    0.001    0.000    0.005    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:147(__enter__)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.005    0.005 cli.py:129(main)
      173    0.001    0.000    0.005    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:403(cached)
      216    0.005    0.000    0.005    0.000 {built-in method __new__ of type object at 0xaab820}
       12    0.001    0.000    0.005    0.000 low_level.py:199(serialise)
       37    0.000    0.000    0.005    0.000 utils.py:97(verify_interface)
       84    0.000    0.000    0.005    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:951(path_stats)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.004    0.004 string.py:15(<module>)
       90    0.001    0.000    0.004    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:369(_get_cached)
       14    0.000    0.000    0.004    0.000 low_level.py:347(from_buffer)
     3099    0.004    0.000    0.004    0.000 {method 'match' of 're.Pattern' objects}
     5823    0.004    0.000    0.004    0.000 {built-in method builtins.isinstance}
       14    0.001    0.000    0.004    0.000 fnmatch.py:48(filter)
        7    0.001    0.000    0.004    0.001 enum.py:654(<listcomp>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.004    0.004 modes.py:5(<module>)
       14    0.000    0.000    0.004    0.000 low_level.py:300(parse_header_fields)
       16    0.000    0.000    0.004    0.000 low_level.py:187(parse_data)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.004    0.004 string.py:65(__init__)
       70    0.001    0.000    0.004    0.000 low_level.py:139(parse_data)
      939    0.003    0.000    0.004    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:58(<listcomp>)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.004    0.004 low_level.py:1(<module>)
       55    0.001    0.000    0.003    0.000 typing.py:600(__init__)
        2    0.000    0.000    0.003    0.002 util.py:157(add_match_rules)
      119    0.002    0.000    0.003    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap>:157(_get_module_lock)
     1627    0.002    0.000    0.003    0.000 sre_parse.py:164(__getitem__)
        2    0.000    0.000    0.003    0.002 util.py:59(call)
     2635    0.003    0.000    0.003    0.000 sre_parse.py:233(__next)
       32    0.000    0.000    0.003    0.000 inspect.py:3081(signature)
       32    0.001    0.000    0.003    0.000 sre_compile.py:536(_compile_info)
       13    0.001    0.000    0.003    0.000 __init__.py:316(namedtuple)
       32    0.000    0.000    0.003    0.000 inspect.py:2829(from_callable)
     1300    0.003    0.000    0.003    0.000 {built-in method builtins.getattr}
       32    0.001    0.000    0.003    0.000 inspect.py:2198(_signature_from_callable)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.003    0.003 cli.py:41(run)
   297/99    0.002    0.000    0.003    0.000 sre_parse.py:174(getwidth)
       91    0.001    0.000    0.003    0.000 <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>:1351(_get_spec)
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[jyn514]

Ok if I set PYTHON_KEYRING_BACKEND and make the following change it speeds things up by about a second:

diff --git a/keyring/core.py b/keyring/core.py
index 4ab00c1..7050487 100644
--- a/keyring/core.py
+++ b/keyring/core.py
@@ -87,13 +87,12 @@ def init_backend(limit=None):
     # save the limit for the chainer to honor
     backend._limit = limit
 
-    # get all keyrings passing the limit filter
-    keyrings = filter(limit, backend.get_all_keyring())
-
     set_keyring(
         load_env()
         or load_config()
-        or max(keyrings, default=fail.Keyring(), key=backend.by_priority)
+        # get all keyrings passing the limit filter
+        or max(filter(limit, backend.get_all_keyring()),
+               default=fail.Keyring(), key=backend.by_priority)
     )

[jyn514]

I think ideally I would want keyring to only load the backend it was going to use, as opposed to loading every backend and only then choosing which to use.

[mitya57]

Can you please make a pull request with that change?

[jyn514]

I made a pull request for that change. The import time is still poor if the PYTHON_KEYRING_BACKEND environment variable is not set, which it will not be for most users of my project. Maybe there could be a way to see the priority of a keyring without having to fully initialize it, with lazy loading or something similar?

[jyn514]

It seems like there is a great deal of runtime reflection currently (entrypoints.get_group_all, entry_point.load). Perhaps a better approach would be to have a static list of the available backends in __init__.py - that wouldn't require classes to be fully loaded before seeing whether or not they will be used.

[jyn514]

Ah I think I see the issue - the classes themselves are checking at runtime to see if they are viable

[mitya57]

Perhaps a better approach would be to have a static list of the available backends in __init__.py - that wouldn't require classes to be fully loaded before seeing whether or not they will be used.

We support also third-party backends, not only our own ones.

[jaraco]

The latest keyring (19.3) uses importlib.metadata instead of entrypoints. I'll be interested to know if that affects the performance (positively or negatively).

[jyn514]

With a cold cache, 19.3 takes 3883241 microseconds (best two out of three, other times were 4051557 and 4525618), or about 4 seconds. I used echo 3 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches && python -c pass && python -X importtime -c 'import keyring' so keyring wouldn't be penalized for python's slow startup time.

With a warm cache, 19.3 takes 100266 (best 2/3, others were 104365 104852) microseconds to start up. I used python -c 'import keyring' && python -X importtime -c 'import keyring' to ensure a warm cache.

With a cold cache, 19.2 takes 3310792 (best 2/3, others were 4067318 and 3724380) to import.

With a warm cache, 19.2 takes 65521 (best 2/3, others were 71301 and 66863) to import.

So in short there was a minor slowdown from 19.2 to 19.3.

[jyn514]

I want to emphasize though that most of the slowdown is coming from importing the backends, not from the normal startup time for a pip package.

[kulpaj]

I've noticed that import ttime improved significantly if all backends are viable (or at least SecretService is there). With only kwallet i had like 10-12s 'import' time. (keyring==18.0.1)

in core.py the line keyrings = filter(limit, backend.get_all_keyring())
is executed even if config file is present (which seems to be a clean way to set up a default backend), and config file seems to be more 'neat' solution than env variable.
//edit: ok, I see that it was corrected, nvm

adding a function to save the config files based on the: keyrings = filter(limit, backend.get_all_keyring()) call would be a nice addition

[jaraco]

Startup times on macOS are about 170ms. I'd expect something similar on Windows. Part of the challenge on Linux is all of the service interop with long or indefinite timeouts. I welcome efforts to improve that performance and also welcome lazy evaluation. I do agree it would be best if keyring didn't have behavior on import.