Fix custom resource handler in-memory version

[liggitt]

What type of PR is this?
/kind bug

What this PR does / why we need it:
Allows custom resource handlers to indicate what group-version they wish to deal with internally.

Traditionally, API resource handlers have dealt with "internal" versions, converting data read from etcd and from incoming requests into a "hub" version.

Custom resources have no "internal" version. This causes problems when handler code is asked to perform conversions to that version (done during update, patch, etc).

This PR:

• Includes the desired GVK in the unstructured objects created for decoding into in the custom resource handler
• Avoids decoding arbitrary content into unstructured objects that have expressed an opinion about their GVK in ways that short circuit conversion paths
• Allows handlers to specify the hub version that etcd and request versions will be converted to, rather than assuming __internal
• Adds tests to make sure the stored version is converted to the handler version before being validated
• Adds tests to make sure scale subresources work on a non-storage API version

Which issue(s) this PR fixes (optional, in fixes #<issue number>(, fixes #<issue_number>, ...) format, will close the issue(s) when PR gets merged):
Fixes #68197
Fixes #68035

Special notes for your reviewer:

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?:

Fixed patch/update operations on multi-version custom resources

[liggitt]

/cc @sttts @mbohlool @deads2k

[mbohlool]

/test pull-kubernetes-integration

[liggitt]

Tests are green, ready for review

[liggitt]

comments addressed

[liggitt]

/retest

[liggitt]

/retest

[liggitt]

@sttts any remaining comments?

[sttts]

/lgtm
/approve

[k8s-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: liggitt, sttts

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• staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/OWNERS [liggitt,sttts]

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