Change formatter to black to strongly enforce pep8 style

[jsfreischuetz]

Previously this project used autopep8. This did not automatically enforce many aspects of style causing many files to use different styles. Additionally not all standards in pep8 were being enforced.

This PR attempts to solve this by switching to black, a more aggressive style formatter, while also bringing all files in compliance to ensure a uniform style.

All changes outside of the makefile, and .vscode were made using the formatted itself.

[jsfreischuetz]

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[bpkroth]

When we're done with this one, let's add a new .gitrevisions entry so we don't mess with the history too much.

[bpkroth]

Playing with this locally atm.
I have some changes to the Makefile rules prepped.
Also we'll need to add config options in pyproject.toml which will cause other required changes elsewhere, so I'll try and prep those first and then come back to this.

[bpkroth]

Playing with this locally atm. I have some changes to the Makefile rules prepped. Also we'll need to add config options in pyproject.toml which will cause other required changes elsewhere, so I'll try and prep those first and then come back to this.

#762 and #763 have some Makefile improvements to prepare for this.
#764 introduces pyproject.toml changes
#766 prepares isort and black format checkers

Will take up the actual reformatting and enablement of those after those are thru.

Closing this one for now.