[poppler] Fix poppler/paraview name clash (#35472)

Cherry-picked from #35437:
Add a test port which covers non-default features of `gdal`. 
Fix duplicate symbol definition in poppler and paraview found by the
test-port.
(#35437 (comment).
paraview using vtk using gdal using poppler.)
Disallow cascaded failure of gdal.

---------

Co-authored-by: Billy Robert O'Neal III <bion@microsoft.com>

ports/poppler/portfile.cmake

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ vcpkg_from_gitlab(
     HEAD_REF master
     PATCHES
         export-unofficial-poppler.patch
+        private-namespace.patch
 )
 file(REMOVE "${SOURCE_PATH}/cmake/Modules/FindFontconfig.cmake")
 

ports/poppler/private-namespace.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+diff --git a/poppler/Gfx.h b/poppler/Gfx.h
+index 81a620b..ecfb449 100644
+--- a/poppler/Gfx.h
++++ b/poppler/Gfx.h
+@@ -48,7 +48,10 @@ class PDFDoc;
+ class XRef;
+ class Array;
+ class Stream;
++namespace poppler_private {
+ class Parser;
++}
++using namespace poppler_private;
+ class Dict;
+ class Function;
+ class OutputDev;
+diff --git a/poppler/Parser.h b/poppler/Parser.h
+index b379b67..c3d85bd 100644
+--- a/poppler/Parser.h
++++ b/poppler/Parser.h
+@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
+ // Parser
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
++namespace poppler_private {
+ class POPPLER_PRIVATE_EXPORT Parser
+ {
+ public:
+@@ -72,5 +73,7 @@ private:
+     void shift(int objNum = -1);
+     void shift(const char *cmdA, int objNum);
+ };
++}
++using namespace poppler_private;
+
+ #endif
+diff --git a/poppler/XRef.h b/poppler/XRef.h
+index e2b2ca8..7d6acbb 100644
+--- a/poppler/XRef.h
++++ b/poppler/XRef.h
+@@ -46,7 +46,10 @@
+
+ class Dict;
+ class Stream;
++namespace poppler_private {
+ class Parser;
++}
++using namespace poppler_private;
+ class ObjectStream;
+
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------

ports/poppler/vcpkg.json

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 {
   "name": "poppler",
   "version": "24.2.0",
+  "port-version": 1,
   "description": "A PDF rendering library",
   "homepage": "https://poppler.freedesktop.org/",
   "license": "GPL-2.0-or-later",

scripts/test_ports/vcpkg-ci-gdal/vcpkg.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "vcpkg-ci-gdal",
-  "version-date": "2023-12-21",
+  "version-date": "2023-12-28",
   "description": "Port to force features of certain ports within CI",
   "homepage": "https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg",
   "license": "MIT",
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@
       "name": "gdal",
       "features": [
         "cfitsio",
-        "kea"
+        "kea",
+        "poppler"
       ],
       "platform": "native"
     },

versions/baseline.json

@@ -6842,7 +6842,7 @@
     },
     "poppler": {
       "baseline": "24.2.0",
-      "port-version": 0
+      "port-version": 1
     },
     "popsift": {
       "baseline": "0.9",

versions/p-/poppler.json

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 {
   "versions": [
+    {
+      "git-tree": "eac143745483dbf2b73b22a965413aa7dd2aa7ec",
+      "version": "24.2.0",
+      "port-version": 1
+    },
     {
       "git-tree": "4035b8dd08a68fca8ad6cfbcc4c4a4ec0eb4e04f",
       "version": "24.2.0",