docs(python): Add docstring examples for Exceptions

[NedJWestern]

See #13161. Some more simple docstring examples for Python Exceptions.

[NedJWestern]

I'm not sure about the PolarsPanicError example. Is this expected?

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 80.40%. Comparing base (0c37ead) to head (bbc5562).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main   #15800   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   80.39%   80.40%           
=======================================
  Files        1264     1264           
  Lines      165421   165421           
=======================================
+ Hits       132994   132999    +5     
+ Misses      32427    32422    -5     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

[stinodego]

See my comment on the other PR. The section must be Examples rather than Example.

[stinodego]

I'm not sure about the PolarsPanicError example. Is this expected?

We shouldn't include an example for PolarsPanicError. The user should never see it (ideally). You could add some text to the docstring to please open a GitHub issue if they encounter it.