gh-118750: Asymptotically faster `int(string)` #112219

Job	Run time
Check for source changes	13s
Check if generated files are up to date	4m 42s
Address sanitizer	14m 34s
Ubuntu SSL tests with OpenSSL (1.1.1w)	1m 59s
CIFuzz	0s
Ubuntu SSL tests with OpenSSL (3.0.13)	1m 52s
Ubuntu SSL tests with OpenSSL (3.1.5)	1m 55s
Ubuntu SSL tests with OpenSSL (3.2.1)	2m 2s
Hypothesis tests on Ubuntu	6m 9s
Windows / build and test (x64)	17m 36s
Windows / build (arm64)	3m 2s
Windows / build and test (x86)	19m 1s
macOS / build and test (macos-14)	12m 35s
macOS / build and test (macos-13)	10m 6s
Thread sanitizer / Thread sanitizer	3m 19s
macOS (free-threading) / build and test (macos-14)	9m 38s
Thread sanitizer (free-threading) / Thread sanitizer	6m 49s
Ubuntu / build and test	7m 48s
Ubuntu (free-threading) / build and test	8m 54s
Windows (free-threading) / build and test (x64)	20m 10s
Windows (free-threading) / build (arm64)	3m 19s
Windows (free-threading) / build and test (x86)	21m 3s
WASI / build and test	12m 15s
Docs / Docs	1m 55s
Docs / Docs (Oldest Sphinx)	1m 50s
Docs / Doctest	16m 58s
All required checks pass	4s
	3h 29m 48s

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