THIS IS A PROOF OF CONCEPT THAT DEMONSTRATE HOW TO IMPLEMENT THE WIZARD UI PATTERN ON TOP OF THE YII2-WORKFLOW EXTENSION.
For the TLDR ones, checkout the demo.
Need more information about yii2-workflow please refer to the User Guide.
The word wizard does not only refers to some Gandalf guy or any other old man wearing a funny hat and loaded with super magic power. In the world of user interface a wizard is a design pattern that can be applied in the case where the user wants to achieve a single goal which can be broken down into dependable sub-tasks (from ui-patterns.com).
To learn more about wizard, see Designing Interfaces.
The problem is simple : how can we implement a complex step-by-step process that will guide the user to its final goal ? The complexity can come from the fact that depending on the choice made by the user, he/she can be guided through different steps (conditional branching). In other words, we are considering a case where there would be several path (ordered sequence of steps) to go from the first step to the last one (the goal).
The purpose of this Yii2 extension is to solve this problem using the workflow paradigm implemented by yii2-workflow extension.
A workflow can be viewed as a representation of all possibles steps that the user has to perform for navigate through a wizard widget. So, why not simply define a workflow representing all possible path of our wizard ? We could also use the metadata attributes provided by yii2-workflow to associate some data with each steps of our wizard (each status of our workflow).
We need :
- the model name
- the view name
Let's see that on a very basic wizard that will ask stupid questions to the user (like for instance "what color do you prefer between green and blue") and depending on her reply, perform the corresponding transitions. On a more linear use case, we will also be able to go from one step to the other.
Here is our wizflow :
As you can see, the status step1 is associated with a Yii2 model that contains attributes the user must select, and a Yii2 view name that represent the form to display to the user.
Defining the wokflow definition for this wizflow is easy : check this out.
Read more about Workflow Definition.
Now last thing is a component able to navigate through this wizflow, based on user inputs and the current step (i.e. status). This component is the WizflowManager. The one provided with this extension is also responsible for path persistence, that is keep track of all successive steps the user has performed through the wizflow (a very basic session storage persistence is implemented).
If you take a look to the WizflowManager code, you will see that the getNextStep method is in charge of providing the next status the user will reach when the button NEXT is pushed. To define what is the next step, the WizflowManager invokes the SimpleWorkflowBehavior.getNextStatuses(true,true) method which includes model validation. If more than one next step (next status) is available, the first one is used: it is the developper responsability to make sure that validation rules and transitions only allow one next step.
In the example included in the yii-wizflow extension the workflow above is configured. This workflow includes a branching between step1 and the blue or green status. Depending on the user input, the validation rules must be exclusive in order to only select on possible destination :
- if the user select "blue" as favorite color, the next step is "blue"
- if the user select "green" as favorite color, the next step is "green"
That's the way branching in handled : validation rules applied at a given step should be configured in order to select only one destination as the next step. Again, this is developer responsability to ensure this is done correctly.
Read more about the Workflow Driven Attribute validation.
The yii2-wizflow extension comes with a set of Yii2 models, controller and views dedicated to override the basic Yii2 application template and demonstrate yii-wizflow in action.
Here is a summary of commands to run to install the example Wizflow application. You'll find a detailed description below.
composer global require "fxp/composer-asset-plugin:~1.1.1"
composer create-project yiisoft/yii2-app-basic wizflow 2.0.9
cd wizflow
composer require raoul2000/yii2-wizflow:@dev
cp vendor/raoul2000/yii2-wizflow/example/* .
To install this demo app you must :
- create a new yii2 application based on the basic template. To do so, follow Yii2 installation guide
- install the yii2-wizflow extension
- override all folders at the root of your yii2 app with the ones provided in
vendor/raoul2000/yii2-wizflow/example
If you already have a running Yii2 application based on the basic template, here are the steps you can perform manually:
- declare the WizflowManager component in
APP_FOLDER/conf/web.php. This component implements all the logic between the workflow definition and model/view. It also handle the persistence layer by saving user entries into the current session.
'components' => [
'wizflowManager' => [
'class' => '\raoul2000\wizflow\wizflowManager'
],
// etc ...- declare the workflowSource component in
APP_FOLDER/conf/web.php. This is the standard yii2-wizflow source component.
'components' => [
'workflowSource' => [
// use default settings : workflow definition is stored in an object and can be
// retrieved with the getDefinition() method
'class' => '\raoul2000\workflow\source\file\WorkflowFileSource'
],
// etc ...- add a new action in
APP_FOLDER/controllers/SiteController.php. This action is used during wizard navigation.
public function actions()
{
return [
// other actions ...
'wizflow' => [
'class' => '\raoul2000\wizflow\WizardPlayAction'
],
];
}- add the finish action in
APP_FOLDER/controllers/SiteController.php. This action is invoked at the end of the wizard, to display a summary of choices made by the user.
public function actionFinish()
{
return $this->render('finish',[
'path' => Yii::$app->wizflowManager->getPath()
]);
}- navigate to http://hostname/index.php?r=site/wizflow
- enjoy