ar_nav

A ROS package offering an autonomous flight including waypoint navigation with a Crazyflie 2.0 quadcopter using ArUco markers

The system obtains an image from a wireless camera attached to the Crazyflie 2.0, the image is deinterlaced and processed to improve its quality and the distortion is removed. Once the image is ready, the ar_sys package is used for Aruco marker detection and the relative 3D pose of the Crazyflie to the marker is estimated and published.

The target and current pose are then sent to the crazyflie_ros package were the PID control of the quadcopter is implemented and the control signals are sent to the hardware platform.

By default the target pose is above the center of the defined Aruco marker with a height that can be configured and modified on runtime.

Required harware

• Crazyflie 2.0 with a wireless camera attached to the bottom. For details see the following documents: (Link to the projekt seminar and the bachelor thesis of Guillem)

Dependencies (non-native)

This package relies on several ROS packages:

• usb_cam: The usb_cam package interfaces with standard USB cameras and publish the images as a sensor_msgs.
• tud_img_prep: The tud_image_prep package is a set of tools for processing camera images with techniques that include deinterlace of analog images and filtering.
• image_proc: Image rectification, this package contains the image_proc node that removes camera distortion from the raw image stream, and if necessary will convert Bayer or YUV422 format image data to color. (it is assumed a proper camera calibration using ROS camera_calibration package or any other external tool)
• ar_sys: For Aruco marker 3D pose estimation. In essence this can be replaced by any other marker.
• crazyflie_ros: Official package for sending commands and receiving sensor information from the Crazyflie 2.0. The package contains core drivers to use the Crazyflie with ROS, a URDF model of the quadrotor, a simple navigation to goal if it is known the external position and different demos ready to run for Crazyflie.

In the src directory of your ROS catking workspace:

cd ~\catkin_ws\src

Install required oficial ROS packages:

sudo apt-get install ros-kinetic-usb-cam ros-kinetic-image-proc

Clone all the necessary packages:

git clone https://github.com/raultron/tud_img_prep.git

git clone -b kinetic-devel https://github.com/raultron/ar_sys.git

git clone https://github.com/whoenig/crazyflie_ros.git
cd crazyflie_ros
git submodule init
git submodule update

Use catkin_make on your workspace to compile.

The other packages should be in your ROS distribution.

Installation

Clone the ar_nav repository (kinetic-devel branch) and compile:

git clone -b kinetic-devel https://github.com/raultron/ar_nav.git
catkin_make ar_nav

This builds two nodes. The correct node for hovering is single and for waypoint navigation multi.

Usage

Print the marker boards provided in the data folder. Use a calibrated printer so the markers have the correct measurement.

Our board configurations are named after the robots of our lab (we attach the marker boards on top of them).

C3PO:

• Top Left corner: ID0
• Top Right corner: ID1
• Bottom Left corner: ID2
• Bottom Right corner: ID3
• Aruco marker Side length = 16 cm
• Separation Between Markers = 2 cm
• Coordinate system = located in the center of the marker. Holding the marker board in your hands and looking straigth to it with ID0 on the top left corner: X axis right, Y axis up and Z axis coming out of the marker plane.
• Yaml file for ar_sys: board_c3po.yml

R2D2:

• Top Left corner: ID4
• Top Right corner: ID5
• Bottom Left corner: ID6
• Bottom Right corner: ID7
• Aruco marker Size = 16 cm
• Yaml file for ar_sys: board_r2d2.yml

Run the node

If you want to detect only one board (by default c3po) then use:

rosrun ar_nav single [params]

If you want to detect any number of boards simultaneously then modify the file boards.yml accoringly, by default c3po and r2d2, and then run:

rosrun ar_nav multi [params]

Due to the many parameters, the recommended way is using the launch files with

roslaunch ar_nav ar_nav_prep_single.launch

or

roslaunch ar_nav ar_nav_prep_multi.launch

Interaction

Subscriber

• marker_pose <geometry_msgs::TransformStamped> (in single <geometry_msgs::PoseStamped>)

Publisher

• cf_pose <geometry_msgs::PoseStamped>
• debug_pose <geometry_msgs::PoseStamped>

Services

• next_waypoint <std_srvs::Empty::Request&, std_srvs::Empty::Response&>
• prev_waypoint <std_srvs::Empty::Request&, std_srvs::Empty::Response&>

Parameter

• marker_pose_topic <std::string>
• world_frame <std::string>
• cf_frame <std::string>
• waypoints <std::string> (seperated by |)
• method <std::string> (either auto or manual)