Fix commutation issue of matrix adjoint, transpose, inverse

[sylee957]

References to other Issues or PRs

Fixes #24735

Brief description of what is fixed or changed

I added a guard for bc_matmul for matrix power because list multiplied with negative integer gives empty list, which can be causing some bugs when MatPow is used with negative integer.

So this fixes more general issues with matrix power with negative integer block_collapse(MatPow(A.transpose(), -2))

This also fixes more general problem of adjoint, transpose, conjugate not giving same result as inverse
For example,

A = MatrixSymbol('A', n, n)

A.transpose().inverse() == A.inverse().transpose()
A.conjugate().inverse() == A.inverse().conjugate()
A.adjoint().inverse() == A.inverse().adjoint()

because each methods had used different code path.

Other comments

Release Notes

• matrices
  • Fixed block_collapse giving wrong result for Inverse
  • Fixed an issue of adjoint, transpose, conjugate not commuting with inverse for matrix expressions. For example, A.transpose().inverse() and A.inverse().transpose() will give same result.

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#### Brief description of what is fixed or changed

Fixes #24735

#### Other comments

This is an experimental fix of #24735

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#### Brief description of what is fixed or changed

Fixes #24735

#### Other comments

This is an experimental fix of #24735

#### Release Notes

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  * Added a new solver for logarithmic equations.

* functions
  * Fixed a bug with log of integers. Formerly, `log(-x)` incorrectly gave `-log(x)`.

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  * Corrected a semantical error in the conversion between volt and statvolt which
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Your release notes are in good order.

Here is what the release notes will look like:

• matrices

  • Fixed block_collapse giving wrong result for Inverse (#24738 by @sylee957)

  • Fixed an issue of adjoint, transpose, conjugate not commuting with inverse for matrix expressions. For example, A.transpose().inverse() and A.inverse().transpose() will give same result. (#24738 by @sylee957)

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Fixes #24735

#### Brief description of what is fixed or changed

I added a guard for `bc_matmul` for matrix power because `list` multiplied with negative integer gives empty list, which can be causing some bugs when `MatPow` is used with negative integer.

So this fixes more general issues with matrix power with negative integer `block_collapse(MatPow(A.transpose(), -2))`

This also fixes more general problem of `adjoint, transpose, conjugate` not giving same result as `inverse`
For example,
```
A = MatrixSymbol('A', n, n)

A.transpose().inverse() == A.inverse().transpose()
A.conjugate().inverse() == A.inverse().conjugate()
A.adjoint().inverse() == A.inverse().adjoint()
```
because each methods had used different code path.

#### Other comments

#### Release Notes

<!-- Write the release notes for this release below between the BEGIN and END
statements. The basic format is a bulleted list with the name of the subpackage
and the release note for this PR. For example:

* solvers
  * Added a new solver for logarithmic equations.

* functions
  * Fixed a bug with log of integers. Formerly, `log(-x)` incorrectly gave `-log(x)`.

* physics.units
  * Corrected a semantical error in the conversion between volt and statvolt which
    reported the volt as being larger than the statvolt.

or if no release note(s) should be included use:

NO ENTRY

See https://github.com/sympy/sympy/wiki/Writing-Release-Notes for more
information on how to write release notes. The bot will check your release
notes automatically to see if they are formatted correctly. -->

<!-- BEGIN RELEASE NOTES -->
- matrices
  - Fixed `block_collapse` giving wrong result for `Inverse`
  - Fixed an issue of `adjoint`, `transpose`, `conjugate` not commuting with `inverse` for matrix expressions. For example, `A.transpose().inverse()` and `A.inverse().transpose()` will give same result.
<!-- END RELEASE NOTES -->

Update

The release notes on the wiki have been updated.

[github-actions]

Benchmark results from GitHub Actions

Lower numbers are good, higher numbers are bad. A ratio less than 1
means a speed up and greater than 1 means a slowdown. Green lines
beginning with + are slowdowns (the PR is slower then master or
master is slower than the previous release). Red lines beginning
with - are speedups.

Significantly changed benchmark results (PR vs master)

Significantly changed benchmark results (master vs previous release)

       before           after         ratio
     [41d90958]       [31656382]
     <sympy-1.11.1^0>                 
-        1.17±0ms         700±20μs     0.60  solve.TimeSparseSystem.time_linear_eq_to_matrix(10)
-     3.33±0.01ms         1.28±0ms     0.38  solve.TimeSparseSystem.time_linear_eq_to_matrix(20)
-     6.67±0.01ms         1.87±0ms     0.28  solve.TimeSparseSystem.time_linear_eq_to_matrix(30)

Full benchmark results can be found as artifacts in GitHub Actions
(click on checks at the top of the PR).

[sylee957]

I managed to get back this working. I'd like some reviews for this.

[oscarbenjamin]

Looks good to me. Thanks!