Flatpak is a system for building, distributing and running sandboxed desktop applications on Linux.
See http://flatpak.org/ for more information.
Read documentation for the flatpak commandline tools and for the libflatpak library API.
Flatpak uses a traditional autoconf-style build mechanism. To build just do
./configure [args]
make
make install
Most configure arguments are documented in ./configure --help. However, there are some options that are a bit more complicated.
Flatpak relies on a project called
bubblewrap for the
lowlevel sandboxing. By default, an in-tree copy of this is built
(distributed in the tarball or using git submodules in the git
tree). This will build a helper called flatpak-bwrap. If your system
have a recent enough version of bubblewrap already, you can use
--with-system-bubblewrap to use that instead.
Bubblewrap can run in two modes, either using unprivileged user namespaces. This requires that the kernel supports this, which some distributions disable. For instance, Arch completely disables user namespaces, while Debian supports unprivileged user namespaces, but only if you turn on the kernel.unprivileged_userns_clone sysctl.
If unprivileged user namespaces is not available, then bubblewrap must be built as setuid root. This is believed to be safe, as it is designed to do this. Any build of bubblewrap supports both unprivileged and setuid mode, you just need to set the setuid bit for it to change mode.
However, this it does complicate the installation a bit. If you pass
--with-priv-mode=setuid to configure (of flatpak or bubblewrap) then
make install will try to set the setuid bit. However that means you
have to run make install as root. Alternatively, you can pass
--enable-sudo to configure and it will call sudo when setting the
setuid bit. Alternatively you can enable setuid completely outside of
the installation, which is common for example when packaging bubblewrap
in a .deb or .rpm.
There are some complications when building flatpak to a different
prefix than the system-installed version. First of all, the newly
built flatpak will look for system-installed flatpaks in
$PREFIX/var/lib/flatpak, which will not match existing installed
flatpaks. You can use --with-system-install-dir=/var/lib/flatpak
to make both installations use the same location.
Secondly, flatpak ships with a root-privileged policykit helper for system-installation, called flatpak-system-helper. This is dbus activated (on the system-bus) and if you install in a non-standard location it is likely that this will not be found by dbus and policykit. However, if the system installation is synchronized it you can often use the system installed helper instead. At least if the two versions are close in versions.