This is the repository for “Cultural Cleansing and Mass Atrocities: Protecting Cultural Heritage in Armed Conflict Zones,” by Thomas G. Weiss and Nina Connelly. This is the first paper in the J. Paul Getty Trust Occasional Papers in Cultural Heritage Policy and was first published January 9, 2018, by Getty Publications. It is available online at http://www.getty.edu/publications/occasional-papers-1/ and may be downloaded free of charge in multiple formats.
In 2016, in response to recent attacks on cultural heritage sites in Syria, Iraq, and Timbuktu, the J. Paul Getty Trust convened a meeting at the British Academy in London to discuss the need for an international framework to protect cultural heritage in zones of armed conflict. To further explore these questions, the Trust subsequently launched the J. Paul Getty Trust Occasional Papers in Cultural Heritage Policy.
In this first issue, Thomas G. Weiss and Nina Connelly examine the relationship between cultural cleansing and mass atrocities. After summarizing the key debates surrounding the destruction of cultural heritage in armed conflict zones, Weiss and Connelly present options for creating an international framework dedicated to its protection. They demonstrate how the UN’s Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine, a preexisting framework that allows for international intervention to stop war crimes or genocide, might be adapted to protect cultural heritage sites. This paper introduces the varied challenges and issues connected to the protection of cultural heritage and proposes a way forward in the development of a unified international response.
This is one in series of multiformat publications using Quire, Getty’s new publishing framework. Quire is currently in private beta, with the goal of it being released as free and open source software in the future. In the meantime, users are encouraged to request access at http://bit.ly/quire-beta. This repository can also be run locally to build the online site (but not the PDF or ebook formats) with Hugo, the static site generator at the core of Quire.
We are dedicated to maintaining this publication for years to come at the permanent URL, http://www.getty.edu/publications/occasional-papers-1/, and in its various formats and incarnations. For any updates to the book, we will be following something between an app and traditional book publication model. Updates will only be made in regulated chunks as formal revisions and new editions and will always be thoroughly documented here in the repository, as well as in the revision history included with each of the book’s many formats.
The primary content pieces of the book can be found in the data and content directories. The master branch represents the current, published edition at all times, and the revisions branch, when present, will show changes currently under consideration. We invite you to submit suggestions or corrections via pull request on the revisions branch, by posting an issue, or by emailing us at pubsinfo@getty.edu.
This project was last built with the following software versions:
- Quire 0.18.0
- Node 12.18.3 / npm 6.14.6
- Hugo 0.72
- PrinceXML 13.5
- Pandoc 2.10.1
While v0.18.0 of the core Quire Starter Theme was used, a number of customizations were made specifically to bring the design inline with previous papers in the series which we not originally published with Quire. Within the theme itself, changes were made to the source/css/variables.scss and source/css/print.scss files and two new open license fonts were included: Archivo Narrow and Source Sans Pro. Outside of the theme, in the project’s layouts directory, a number of custom templates are included, notably a custom cover layout, and some custom partial templates to allow for modest customization to other elements of the book. The q-note shortcode was also added to allow for endnotes in the book rather than the usual footnotes other Quire books use by default.
The cover images for the Occasional Papers are licensed from third parties for use exclusively in each publication. As such, they are kept in a separate, private repository, https://github.com/thegetty/occasional-papers-images/, which is linked to this main publication repository as a submodule in static/img/cover/. When cloning this repo for further development, you’ll permissions for the private repository and will need to clone recursively in order to clone both the main repo and the submodule.
git clone --recursive https://github.com/thegetty/occasional-papers-1.git
© 2018 J. Paul Getty Trust
This text of this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The cover image is reproduced with the permission of the rights holder acknowledged in the caption and is expressly excluded from the CC BY-NC license covering the rest of this publication. The image may not be reproduced, copied, transmitted, or manipulated without consent from the owner, who reserves all rights.