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Pauli Twirling in Mitiq is still under construction. This users guide will change in the future
after some utility functions are introduced.
Pauli Twirling is a technique devised to tailor noise towards Pauli channels.
More details on the theory of Pauli Twirling are given in the section What is the theory behind PT?.
Pauli Twirling is agnostic to our knowledge on the type of noise, easy to implement, and useful to better understand and minimize the benchmarking vs performance gap.
Pauli Twirling is generally combined with a compilation pass to maintain circuit depth. Mitiq thus far does not provide this compilation, and so circuit depth is increased by the additional single-qubit gates.
Though the noise is tailored towards a more mitigable channel, it's possible for this channel to be entirely noisy (i.e. a completely depolarizing channel). In this way, it should not be expected to reduce noise on its own.