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Load Balancing
Puck supports load balancing but there are some things you need to setup, especially if you are in Azure.
you should have a single instance/server for the Backoffice where you edit your content, don't load balance this instance. you may end up with incorrect data if edits are done from different servers on related content. you should set an environment, perhaps named EditServer or Backoffice and set the AppSettings.EditServer.json for this environment to have the IsEditServer value set to true.
if you're using Azure, as stated previously, you have one App Service instance for your Backoffice/Edit server and then you have another App Service for your front end and this front end App Service can be scaled to multiple instances.
In this situation, you should use Azure Directory so that your Lucene index is shared amongst your scaled instances. you will need to set UseAzureDirectory in your AppSettings.json to true and you will also need to set AzureDirectoryConnectionString to your Azure Blob Storage Connection String.
Remember to have a different environment set up for your front end App Service instance, maybe use the Production environment. you will need to set the IsEditServer value to false for this environment in AppSettings.Production.json.
as with load balancing in Azure (please read that first, many of the same things apply), you should have a dedicated server for the Backoffice / Edit Server with the AppSettings.EditServer.json value for IsEditServer set to true.
you can then have front end servers with their AppSettings.Production.json value for IsEditServer set to false.
Puck uses an instructions table to keep track of publishes and other state changes carried out by the different servers in your setup so things should stay in sync between your servers, as long as they are sharing the same database.
this means that Puck will try and keep your Lucene indexes amongst your servers in sync. if you opt to use Azure Directory (which requires an Azure Storage account), only the EditServer will be able to make changes to the master index and all of your front end servers will only be reading from this index. Index Searchers will automatically re-open and refresh on all servers when content has been changed because of Puck processing the instructions in the instructions table.
if you opt not to use Azure Directory, each front end server will maintain its own Lucene Index which will be synced when changes occur.
while it isn't recommended to make changes on front end servers and you should use only the Edit Server to make changes - changes made from any server are actually still synced to all other servers.