Extended Git and GitHub Exercise: Mastering Git Commands

Objective: This exercise aims to teach students how to manage a Git repository, including using git add, git commit, git restore, git mv, git rm, git clean, git revert, git log, and how to work with files in Git.

Setup

1. Go to a folder where you want to put the repository. Accept the assignment and clone the repository from GitHub by running:

   • git clone https://github.com/username/yourrepositoryurl.git

2. Navigate into the cloned directory:

   • cd foldername

Part 1: Basic Add and Commit

1. Create a new file called instructions.txt and write a simple welcome message:

   • echo "Welcome to My Git Project" > instructions.txt

2. Stage and commit the file:

   • git add instructions.txt
   • git commit -m "Add instructions.txt with welcome message"

3. Push the changes to GitHub:

   • git push

Part 2: Updating and Using Git Restore

1. Modify the instructions.txt file by adding a section about the project description:

   • echo "\n## Description" >> instructions.txt
   • echo "This project demonstrates basic Git and GitHub operations." >> instructions.txt

2. Stage and commit the changes:

   • git add instructions.txt
   • git commit -m "Update instructions.txt with project description"

3. Accidentally modify another section:

   • echo "\nAccidental addition" >> instructions.txt

4. Restore the last accidental addition:

   • git restore instructions.txt

Part 3: Advanced File Handling

1. Rename instructions.txt to guide.txt:

   • git mv instructions.txt guide.txt
   • git commit -m "Rename instructions.txt to guide.txt"

2. Accidentally add a temporary file:

   • touch temp.txt
   • git add temp.txt

3. Remove temp.txt from tracking and delete it:

   • git rm temp.txt
   • git commit -m "Remove temporary file"

4. Clean up any untracked files (like if temp.txt was never added):

   • git clean -f

Part 4: Using Git Log and Revert

1. Introduce a new change:

   • echo "\nThis will be reverted soon." >> guide.txt
   • git add guide.txt
   • git commit -m "Add line to be reverted"

2. Use git log to view the commit history:

   • git log

3. Revert the last commit:

   • git revert HEAD --no-edit

Part 5: Making Additional Changes

1. Make additional changes to guide.txt:

   • echo "\nThis project helps to understand Git basics." >> guide.txt
   • git add guide.txt
   • git commit -m "Update guide.txt with Git basics info"

2. Push the changes to GitHub:

   • git push