Layered BFT(Byzantine Fault Tolerant) Blockchain
Python 3.5+MPICH2mpi4pybigchaindb-driverbigchaindb
mpirun -np 7 python3 core.py
+-------------+
| lv3 |
| |---o-
| rank = 6 |
+-------------+
+-------------+ +-------------+
| lv2 | | lv2 |
| | | |---o-
| rank = 4 | | rank = 5 |
+-------------+ +-------------+
+-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+
| lv1 | | lv1 | | lv1 | | lv1 |
| | | | | | | |---o-
| rank = 0 | | rank = 1 | | rank = 2 | | rank = 3 |
+-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+ +-------------+
- (↑)The lv1 nodes create
txs, pass them to the lv2 nodes, and the lv2 nodes pass them to the lv3 node - (↓)The lv3 node creates a
block, pass it to the lv2 nodes, and the lv2 nodes pass it to the lv1 nodes - (↑)The lv1 nodes validate the block then create
votes, pass them to the lv2 nodes, and the lv2 nodes pass them to the lv3 node - (↓)The lv3 node collects all the votes as a
votelist, pass it to the lv2 nodes, and the lv2 nodes pass it to the lv1 nodes .If more than 1/2 votes is valid, the node accepts the block.
-
topology
-
data_transmission
-
timeline
-
create_tx
-
tx_signature
-
validate_tx_signature
-
tx_list
-
block_hash
-
validate_block
-
block_chain
-
node_keypairs
-
vote
-
votes_list
-
vote_signature
-
verify_vote_signature
-
scalability
-
data_storage
-
quota
- Topology
- data_transmission
- timeline
- Create tx
- validate tx
- Create vote
- verify vote
- checks if there are enough votes on that block to declare it valid or invalid
block: [
{
'transaction': {
'asset': {
'updatable': False,
'id': '1879d4ca-19a5-428c-8f5e-7f8f0d11df49',
'data': {
'bicycle': {
'manufacturer': 'bkfab',
'serial_number': 'abcd1234'
}
},
'divisible': False,
'refillable': False
},
'operation': 'CREATE',
'metadata': {
'id': '9e1a50e0-e02e-4221-8094-5172b402a631',
'data': {
'planet': 'earth'
}
},
'fulfillments': [
{
'owners_before': [
'5hiQu2Jf9bXHhbXreLcYxPC1GyH4L97npm9rvwjXDccz'
],
'input': None,
'fulfillment': 'cf: 4: RdzOBlnP-eg1wibIklfJ-CgEsm66LlHz0YgyqaslOROyz3FLf64T9akgHcfAv6bNIeaBwiYqKXz7vJI7ar7CV8oQP25sp44TCzxZJBoomMBzNb1HQlL_zMhyHXnlGncN',
'fid': 0
}
],
'conditions': [
{
'owners_after': [
'5hiQu2Jf9bXHhbXreLcYxPC1GyH4L97npm9rvwjXDccz'
],
'amount': 1,
'condition': {
'uri': 'cc: 4: 20: RdzOBlnP-eg1wibIklfJ-CgEsm66LlHz0YgyqaslORM: 96',
'details': {
'type_id': 4,
'type': 'fulfillment',
'signature': None,
'public_key': '5hiQu2Jf9bXHhbXreLcYxPC1GyH4L97npm9rvwjXDccz',
'bitmask': 32
}
},
'cid': 0
}
]
},
'id': '96d39280816bc7652e577a87c04546ce7ee11d4576f1ae3c07a422ac3ca1f684',
'version': 1
},
{
'transaction': {
'asset': {
'updatable': False,
'divisible': False,
'id': '9560c113-3d61-48d6-b2d2-5d2d6bcc6c08',
'data': {
'bicycle': {
'manufacturer': 'bkfab',
'serial_number': 'abcd1234'
}
},
'refillable': False
},
'operation': 'CREATE',
'metadata': {
'id': '1963095e-6615-4433-a434-e6504cdf8137',
'data': {
'planet': 'earth'
}
},
'fulfillments': [
{
'owners_before': [
'2PMiegwgoqAfzxFs5wVJ6yiotSz2BggEjjKifjHpT5DR'
],
'input': None,
'fulfillment': 'cf: 4: FJXkCJ1SoovqFtveHpEMHz_2pIv8waWU4F4lbyqdGeBtM7rHUTaxuEqZJE-ehxb-wMlEqhsvyHXEu7-745LPEfwDufuTqBOUThP4lhPXTUI8pXVWHnzq0DUFZTIgDNcC',
'fid': 0
}
],
'conditions': [
{
'owners_after': [
'2PMiegwgoqAfzxFs5wVJ6yiotSz2BggEjjKifjHpT5DR'
],
'amount': 1,
'condition': {
'uri': 'cc: 4: 20: FJXkCJ1SoovqFtveHpEMHz_2pIv8waWU4F4lbyqdGeA: 96',
'details': {
'type_id': 4,
'type': 'fulfillment',
'signature': None,
'public_key': '2PMiegwgoqAfzxFs5wVJ6yiotSz2BggEjjKifjHpT5DR',
'bitmask': 32
}
},
'cid': 0
}
]
},
'id': '9aaec84aa0ce373793e132d7ab4d4df7cca60150deb6bca695888091c74c7f1b',
'version': 1
},
{
'transaction': {
'asset': {
'updatable': False,
'divisible': False,
'id': '4bf8d2d2-fc8e-43b8-b851-3b3a5a8e1722',
'data': {
'bicycle': {
'manufacturer': 'bkfab',
'serial_number': 'abcd1234'
}
},
'refillable': False
},
'operation': 'CREATE',
'metadata': {
'id': '01184ca5-9680-402e-ad89-c95145b2c6cb',
'data': {
'planet': 'earth'
}
},
'fulfillments': [
{
'owners_before': [
'88KoiDUfJgjDbty6fGFpCfGzTPhCfYDVNLv9mJkF898P'
],
'input': None,
'fulfillment': 'cf: 4: aeIjLq1BFq7sLgg1CHSmZuuwxlol6DM1d4zblI_pUOR3YG0yWKNM4u7mFpOx1edsveEukMvN7FJeOKfr-H6YVlxpZU-qV5GxxOC7S0gaTw5U7F0my8BYvSoZxB_qt6wH',
'fid': 0
}
],
'conditions': [
{
'owners_after': [
'88KoiDUfJgjDbty6fGFpCfGzTPhCfYDVNLv9mJkF898P'
],
'amount': 1,
'condition': {
'uri': 'cc: 4: 20: aeIjLq1BFq7sLgg1CHSmZuuwxlol6DM1d4zblI_pUOQ: 96',
'details': {
'type_id': 4,
'type': 'fulfillment',
'signature': None,
'public_key': '88KoiDUfJgjDbty6fGFpCfGzTPhCfYDVNLv9mJkF898P',
'bitmask': 32
}
},
'cid': 0
}
]
},
'id': '4d36c0ac00f6c29c57c62ae80c9ff30695c0b49eaa4066ad7ffd8ae831f9647a',
'version': 1
},
{
'transaction': {
'asset': {
'updatable': False,
'id': '13f952aa-164f-479a-8de7-5c5615be9cf2',
'data': {
'bicycle': {
'manufacturer': 'bkfab',
'serial_number': 'abcd1234'
}
},
'divisible': False,
'refillable': False
},
'operation': 'CREATE',
'metadata': {
'id': '40979cee-4096-4157-8645-62bb07dfbab1',
'data': {
'planet': 'earth'
}
},
'fulfillments': [
{
'owners_before': [
'7pzr8B6EyHQzTtbLZjq4QSAdbaNbj23qqnJcTZCSq7Xx'
],
'input': None,
'fulfillment': 'cf: 4: ZXHTzUaw6YrcfBVvo9SaAmFNeedW9kewRdqIeLuye8s0BHa4L0U4k7PiLXiI_aIxwi2kdj6kTKvxN-psMoe0kl8ZL60uGb_MIJUp3FKhFuIf5gBbz9sCDnUqVOGmm2IE',
'fid': 0
}
],
'conditions': [
{
'owners_after': [
'7pzr8B6EyHQzTtbLZjq4QSAdbaNbj23qqnJcTZCSq7Xx'
],
'amount': 1,
'condition': {
'uri': 'cc: 4: 20: ZXHTzUaw6YrcfBVvo9SaAmFNeedW9kewRdqIeLuye8s: 96',
'details': {
'type_id': 4,
'type': 'fulfillment',
'signature': None,
'public_key': '7pzr8B6EyHQzTtbLZjq4QSAdbaNbj23qqnJcTZCSq7Xx',
'bitmask': 32
}
},
'cid': 0
}
]
},
'id': 'b99858376a7a1d6283aaa55dab9b448a9b349f889be5053aa3c8a37d6425b57a',
'version': 1
}
]
votes: [
{
'signature': '4AJ7qUU6CkAxW2ipTPBviuaVn9e7waKE4hah56u4cbwVmcEhH6miYSqZfrG7JnHQQj8zoNk7QnjDkW7gfe9BmfC',
'vote': {
'invalid_reason': None,
'voting_for_block': '1',
'previous_block': 'Genesis',
'is_block_valid': True,
'timestamp': '1482410513'
},
'node_pubkey': 'FxhfnvpiZbyYPLFz1cD8kdbeNVmHmM8tFcqCrFzLuri'
},
{
'vote': {
'invalid_reason': None,
'voting_for_block': '1',
'is_block_valid': True,
'previous_block': 'Genesis',
'timestamp': '1482410513'
},
'signature': '3ujTJXzYvKBWMDTQgiDBdyNPcxhF2Mr5oTYMJVUAoFJAUZXi7qhVsfQ6q6brdHMy3ykWBbq5mJo8ToXCHYS2ra6h',
'node_pubkey': 'HcNPQ25G2qsSytbegM3fbEscPyXhvG64cDVXhzRTXsMF'
},
{
'signature': '2HzioaYPVgKcsYF9BYHZhtXU2Wm6Xm5fyneybrapsHQF9597GKzLNkzYHTm6CTMzwaa3yrCrRgeFbx7LCsfMiZ6',
'vote': {
'invalid_reason': None,
'voting_for_block': '1',
'is_block_valid': True,
'previous_block': 'Genesis',
'timestamp': '1482410513'
},
'node_pubkey': '3GfvMY1JY6T3nDzevPmXViE1MtXd7JpGDXamvTKTZTom'
},
{
'signature': '8rC3q1Ac5hsQsBZpKNUN6rxh9BtZenfeUWDv8xgYZtVZ8S8udm7SGK8XfLbetm5VAfqC5Y34ahktzhumKccUr77',
'vote': {
'invalid_reason': None,
'voting_for_block': '1',
'previous_block': 'Genesis',
'is_block_valid': True,
'timestamp': '1482410513'
},
'node_pubkey': '3AVtrmkNi3nUzqueec7kGgr8Am11AbCxQStAyCc3kjWw'
},
{
'signature': '33rzqqtymgwj6VD3p5d3M8mFC9LjVcX47D3duJE3Jkhkg72TZaCrgYtWq5fVemNrr2R9TD65RmuhVPMQYBTBMp2o',
'vote': {
'invalid_reason': None,
'voting_for_block': '1',
'is_block_valid': True,
'previous_block': 'Genesis',
'timestamp': '1482410513'
},
'node_pubkey': '5UMMbgr4YhJbjXYtu8AkZFXSvJwHM6qLXJYMS2Cn9Ftw'
},
{
'signature': '2Spg7LQ9VHQbBwwLJYXuhPaegEJZ7dFznsfivEyQZhPr3NH9C9wHjpgtfMuLEENZPM1mUdQsuSZ9AXaRcmnvimGT',
'vote': {
'invalid_reason': None,
'voting_for_block': '1',
'is_block_valid': True,
'previous_block': 'Genesis',
'timestamp': '1482410513'
},
'node_pubkey': 'Ao1gzjqs9T5JGWqoh2MH6SmykV2coFJsKCAofP7dyMvY'
},
{
'signature': '28JuaMyUdrM13Zo6sEQpogdjpC7ZCJh35DrptU3evEkfFeYHyBL14txMCHRUCvNiMn8y4TrXpW6Y5aGADvf91LgB',
'vote': {
'invalid_reason': None,
'voting_for_block': '1',
'is_block_valid': True,
'previous_block': 'Genesis',
'timestamp': '1482410513'
},
'node_pubkey': 'HZaVUaq8aFs3WT9vbnGgoSXfAKgbJ1G5uSHzPTtvhSBM'
}
]
rank 6: ['VALID', 7, 7]
rank 5: ['VALID', 7, 7]
rank 2: ['VALID', 7, 7]
rank 2 time:0.366696s
rank 4: ['VALID', 7, 7]
rank 0: ['VALID', 7, 7]
rank 0 time:0.440076s
rank 3: ['VALID', 7, 7]
rank 3 time:0.322589s
rank 1: ['VALID', 7, 7]
rank 1 time:0.295617s