MDEV-11556 InnoDB redo log apply fails to adjust data file sizes

fil_space_t::recv_size: New member: recovered tablespace size in pages;
0 if no size change was read from the redo log,
or if the size change was implemented.

fil_space_set_recv_size(): New function for setting space->recv_size.

innodb_data_file_size_debug: A debug parameter for setting the system
tablespace size in recovery even when the redo log does not contain
any size changes. It is hard to write a small test case that would
cause the system tablespace to be extended at the critical moment.

recv_parse_log_rec(): Note those tablespaces whose size is being changed
by the redo log, by invoking fil_space_set_recv_size().

innobase_init(): Correct an error message, and do not require a larger
innodb_buffer_pool_size when starting up with a smaller innodb_page_size.

innobase_start_or_create_for_mysql(): Allow startup with any initial
size of the ibdata1 file if the autoextend attribute is set. Require
the minimum size of fixed-size system tablespaces to be 640 pages,
not 10 megabytes. Implement innodb_data_file_size_debug.

open_or_create_data_files(): Round the system tablespace size down
to pages, not to full megabytes, (Our test truncates the system
tablespace to more than 800 pages with innodb_page_size=4k.
InnoDB should not imagine that it was truncated to 768 pages
and then overwrite good pages in the tablespace.)

fil_flush_low(): Refactored from fil_flush().

fil_space_extend_must_retry(): Refactored from
fil_extend_space_to_desired_size().

fil_mutex_enter_and_prepare_for_io(): Extend the tablespace if
fil_space_set_recv_size() was called.

The test case has been successfully run with all the
innodb_page_size values 4k, 8k, 16k, 32k, 64k.

mysql-test/suite/innodb/r/log_data_file_size.result

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+SET GLOBAL innodb_file_per_table=0;
+SET GLOBAL innodb_file_format=barracuda;
+CREATE TABLE t(a INT)ENGINE=InnoDB;
+SET GLOBAL innodb_file_per_table=1;
+CREATE TABLE ibd4(a INT UNIQUE)ENGINE=InnoDB;
+CREATE TABLE ibd4f(a INT UNIQUE)ENGINE=InnoDB;
+CREATE TABLE ibd5(a INT UNIQUE, b INT UNIQUE)ENGINE=InnoDB;
+# Kill the server
+DROP TABLE t,ibd4,ibd4f,ibd5;

mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/log_data_file_size.opt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+--loose-innodb-sys-indexes
+--innodb-data-file-path=ibdata1:1M:autoextend

mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/log_data_file_size.test

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+--source include/have_innodb.inc
+--source include/not_embedded.inc
+
+let INNODB_PAGE_SIZE=`select @@innodb_page_size`;
+let MYSQLD_DATADIR=`select @@datadir`;
+let MYSQLD_IS_DEBUG=`select version() like '%debug%'`;
+--source include/no_checkpoint_start.inc
+SET GLOBAL innodb_file_per_table=0;
+SET GLOBAL innodb_file_format=barracuda;
+CREATE TABLE t(a INT)ENGINE=InnoDB;
+let INNODB_ROOT_PAGE= `SELECT page_no FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_SYS_INDEXES WHERE name='GEN_CLUST_INDEX'`;
+SET GLOBAL innodb_file_per_table=1;
+
+CREATE TABLE ibd4(a INT UNIQUE)ENGINE=InnoDB;
+CREATE TABLE ibd4f(a INT UNIQUE)ENGINE=InnoDB;
+CREATE TABLE ibd5(a INT UNIQUE, b INT UNIQUE)ENGINE=InnoDB;
+
+let $drop_tables= DROP TABLE t,ibd4,ibd4f,ibd5;
+--let CLEANUP_IF_CHECKPOINT= $drop_tables;
+--source ../include/no_checkpoint_end.inc
+
+perl;
+use Fcntl 'SEEK_CUR', 'SEEK_END';
+
+my $page_size = $ENV{'INNODB_PAGE_SIZE'};
+my $restart = 'restart';
+if ($ENV{'MYSQLD_IS_DEBUG'})
+{
+  # It is impractical to ensure that CREATE TABLE t will extend ibdata1.
+  # We rely on innodb_system_tablespace_extend_debug=1
+  # to recover from this fault injection if no size change was redo-logged.
+  my $root = $ENV{'INNODB_ROOT_PAGE'};
+  open(FILE, "+<", "$ENV{'MYSQLD_DATADIR'}ibdata1") or die;
+  my $size = sysseek(FILE, 0, SEEK_END) / $page_size;
+  seek(FILE, $page_size * ($root + 1), SEEK_SET) or die;
+  my $empty_tail= 1;
+  while(<FILE>) { unless (/\0*/gso) { $empty_tail= 0; last } }
+  if ($empty_tail)
+  {
+    $restart = 'restart: --innodb-data-file-size-debug=' . $size;
+    truncate(FILE, $page_size * $root);
+  }
+  close FILE;
+}
+open(FILE, ">$ENV{MYSQLTEST_VARDIR}/log/start_mysqld.txt") || die;
+print FILE '--exec echo "', $restart, '" > $_expect_file_name
+--enable_reconnect
+--source include/wait_until_connected_again.inc
+--disable_reconnect
+';
+close FILE;
+open(FILE, "+<", "$ENV{'MYSQLD_DATADIR'}test/ibd4.ibd") or die;
+truncate(FILE, $page_size * 4);
+close FILE;
+open(FILE, "+<", "$ENV{'MYSQLD_DATADIR'}test/ibd4f.ibd") or die;
+truncate(FILE, $page_size * 4 + 1234);
+close FILE;
+open(FILE, "+<", "$ENV{'MYSQLD_DATADIR'}test/ibd5.ibd") or die;
+truncate(FILE, $page_size * 5);
+close FILE;
+EOF
+
+--source $MYSQLTEST_VARDIR/log/start_mysqld.txt
+--remove_file $MYSQLTEST_VARDIR/log/start_mysqld.txt
+
+eval $drop_tables;

mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/r/sysvars_innodb.result

@@ -579,6 +579,20 @@ NUMERIC_BLOCK_SIZE	NULL
 ENUM_VALUE_LIST	NULL
 READ_ONLY	YES
 COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENT	REQUIRED
+VARIABLE_NAME	INNODB_DATA_FILE_SIZE_DEBUG
+SESSION_VALUE	NULL
+GLOBAL_VALUE	0
+GLOBAL_VALUE_ORIGIN	COMPILE-TIME
+DEFAULT_VALUE	0
+VARIABLE_SCOPE	GLOBAL
+VARIABLE_TYPE	BIGINT UNSIGNED
+VARIABLE_COMMENT	InnoDB system tablespace size to be set in recovery.
+NUMERIC_MIN_VALUE	0
+NUMERIC_MAX_VALUE	4294967295
+NUMERIC_BLOCK_SIZE	0
+ENUM_VALUE_LIST	NULL
+READ_ONLY	YES
+COMMAND_LINE_ARGUMENT	REQUIRED
 VARIABLE_NAME	INNODB_DATA_HOME_DIR
 SESSION_VALUE	NULL
 GLOBAL_VALUE