MDEV-7505 - Too large scale in DECIMAL dynamic column getter crashes mysqld

Server may crash if sanity checks of COLUMN_GET() fail.

COLUMN_GET() description generator expects parent CAST item, which may not have
been created due to failure of sanity checks. Then further attempt to report
an error may crash the server.

Fixed COLUMN_GET() description generator to handle such case.

Author: svoj

mysql-test/r/dyncol.result

@@ -1444,3 +1444,9 @@ column_get(column_create(1, "18446744073709552001" as char), 1 as int)
 Warnings:
 Warning	1918	Encountered illegal value '18446744073709552001' when converting to INT
 Note	1105	Cast to signed converted positive out-of-range integer to it's negative complement
+#
+# MDEV-7505 - Too large scale in DECIMAL dynamic column getter crashes
+#             mysqld
+#
+SELECT COLUMN_GET(`x`, 'y' AS DECIMAL(5,34));
+ERROR 42000: Too big scale 34 specified for ''y''. Maximum is 30.

mysql-test/t/dyncol.test

@@ -643,3 +643,9 @@ SELECT
 #
 select column_get(column_create(1, "18446744073709552001" as char), 1 as int);
 
+--echo #
+--echo # MDEV-7505 - Too large scale in DECIMAL dynamic column getter crashes
+--echo #             mysqld
+--echo #
+--error ER_TOO_BIG_SCALE
+SELECT COLUMN_GET(`x`, 'y' AS DECIMAL(5,34));

sql/item_strfunc.cc

@@ -4467,6 +4467,16 @@ bool Item_dyncol_get::get_date(MYSQL_TIME *ltime, ulonglong fuzzy_date)
 
 void Item_dyncol_get::print(String *str, enum_query_type query_type)
 {
+  /*
+    Parent cast doesn't exist yet, only print dynamic column name. This happens
+    when called from create_func_cast() / wrong_precision_error().
+  */
+  if (!str->length())
+  {
+    args[1]->print(str, query_type);
+    return;
+  }
+
   /* see create_func_dyncol_get */
   DBUG_ASSERT(str->length() >= 5);
   DBUG_ASSERT(strncmp(str->ptr() + str->length() - 5, "cast(", 5) == 0);