Potentiometer Variable Resistor with Arduino

Project Overview

This project demonstrates how to use a potentiometer (variable resistor) with an Arduino to read analog values and convert them to corresponding voltage readings, which are then displayed on the Serial Monitor.

Components Needed

1. Arduino Board
2. Potentiometer (Variable Resistor)
3. Jumper Wires
4. Breadboard (optional)

Block Diagram

Pin Connections

1. Potentiometer:
   • VCC (Left Pin): Connect to Arduino 5V
   • GND (Right Pin): Connect to Arduino GND
   • Output (Middle Pin): Connect to Arduino analog pin A1

Instructions

1. Set Up the Circuit:

   • Connect the potentiometer's VCC pin to the Arduino 5V.
   • Connect the potentiometer's GND pin to the Arduino GND.
   • Connect the potentiometer's output pin (middle pin) to the Arduino analog pin A1.

2. Initialize the System:

   • Start the serial communication at a baud rate of 9600 in the setup() function using Serial.begin(9600);.

3. Read and Convert Analog Values:

   • In the loop() function, read the analog value from the potentiometer connected to pin A1 using analogRead(A1);.
   • Convert the analog value to a corresponding voltage by using the formula voltage = rawValue * (5.0 / 1023.0);.

4. Output Results:

   • Print the voltage value to the Serial Monitor with appropriate labels for clarity.
   • Introduce a short delay of 100 milliseconds between readings to prevent flooding the Serial Monitor.

Applications

• Adjustable Voltage Divider: Use the potentiometer as an adjustable voltage divider in various circuits.
• User Input Device: Use the potentiometer to control parameters in interactive projects, such as volume, brightness, or motor speed.
• Educational Tool: Demonstrate the principles of variable resistors and analog-to-digital conversion in educational settings.

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