Add magnetic flux algorithm

physics/magnetic_flux.py

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+"""
+________________________________________________________________________________________
+Magnetic flux (Φ) is a scalar quantity that measures the number of magnetic field
+lines (B) that pass through a closed area (A). Furthermore, the magnetic flux depends
+on the angle formed between the magnetic field and the normal line (N) in area A.
+Check out the formula used to calculate this flux:
+ ------------------
+ | Φ = B.A.cos(θ) |
+ ------------------
+
+Φ = magnetic flux (weber (Wb) or tesla square meter (T.m²))
+B = magnetic field (tesla (T))
+A = area (square meter (m²))
+θ = angle between magnetic field and normal line (degrees (°))
+
+(Description adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_flux )
+"""
+
+from math import cos, radians
+
+
+def __check_args(magnetic_field: float, area: float, angle: float) -> None:
+    """
+    Check that the arguments are valid
+    >>> __check_args(10, 10, -10)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Invalid angle. Range is 0-180 degrees.
+    >>> __check_args(10, -10, 10)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Invalid area. Should be a positive number.
+    >>> __check_args(-10, 10, 10)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Invalid magnetic field. Should be a positive number.
+    """
+
+    # Ensure valid instance
+    if not isinstance(magnetic_field, (int, float)):
+        raise TypeError("Invalid magnetic field. Should be an integer or float.")
+
+    if not isinstance(area, (int, float)):
+        raise TypeError("Invalid area. Should be an integer or float.")
+
+    if not isinstance(angle, (int, float)):
+        raise TypeError("Invalid angle. Should be an integer or float.")
+
+    # Ensure valid angle
+    if angle < 0 or angle > 180:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid angle. Range is 0-180 degrees.")
+
+    # Ensure valid magnetic field
+    if magnetic_field < 0:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid magnetic field. Should be a positive number.")
+
+    # Ensure valid area
+    if area < 0:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid area. Should be a positive number.")
+
+
+def magnetic_flux(magnetic_field: float, area: float, angle: float) -> float:
+    """
+    >>> magnetic_flux(50.0, 2, 0.0)
+    100.0
+    >>> magnetic_flux(50, 2, 60.0)
+    50.0
+    >>> magnetic_flux(0.5, 4.0, 90.0)
+    0.0
+    >>> magnetic_flux(1, 2.0, 180.0)
+    -2.0
+    >>> magnetic_flux(-1.0, 2.0, 30.0)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Invalid magnetic field. Should be a positive number.
+    >>> magnetic_flux(1.0, 'a', 30.0)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    TypeError: Invalid area. Should be an integer or float.
+    >>> magnetic_flux(1.0, -2.0, 30.0)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Invalid area. Should be a positive number.
+    """
+    __check_args(magnetic_field, area, angle)
+    rad = radians(angle)
+    return round(magnetic_field * area * cos(rad), 1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from doctest import testmod
+
+    testmod()