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Programming Lab #5 C Programs in Assembly and The Runtime Stack PURPOSE
In this lab you will learn how C programs look in assembly. This will show you how higher level languages are actually running on your machine at a low level.
ASSIGNMENT
You will act as a “human compiler” converting the C code provided in “lab-5-c-code.c” into assembly code. You must implement the functions using subroutines and a properly organized runtime stack. The runtime stack format that you must use is defined in “Runtime Stack Lab 5.pdf”.
When your program reaches the HALT instruction in main, you should have the correct output stored in the stack.
For example:
If the array “ar” contains the elements: {2, 3, 5, 0, 1} then the sumOfSquares subroutine should return:
22+32+52+02+12=4+9+25+0+1=39
You must use a subroutine called “square” to calculate the square of each element in the array, so given an input of “2” the square subroutine should return: 4
The output of “square” is then returned to “sumOfSquares” where a running total is kept, adding each square after every loop. sum = 4 on first loop, sum = 13 on second loop, sum = 38 on third loop and so on.
GETTING STARTED
Load the sample code “lab-5.asm” into your LC3 simulator and run it, notice how the runtime stack is getting setup for main and how the jump to sumOfSquares is called.
Load the C code “lab-5-c-code.c” into your C compiler and run it. You must understand what this C code is doing in order to complete your lab assignment.
Open the “Runtime Stack Lab 5.pdf” file and as you write your subroutines, format your stack to meet this document exactly.
IMPLEMENTATION
Write your assembly code in the “lab-5.asm” file provided:
Implement the main function (it is already implemented for you) in assembly.
Implement the sumOfSquares function as an LC3 assembly subroutine.
Implement the square function as an LC3 assembly subroutine.
For main and each subroutine you must maintain the runtime stack as defined in “Runtime Stack Lab 5.pdf”.
When your assembly code halts, the correct sum of squares calculation must be stored in the main return value location in memory.
GRADING
main() function in assembly generates the correct runtime stack up to the first subroutine call
5 points
sumOfSquares() function in assembly generates the correct runtime stack up to the first JUMP instruction in the sumOfSquares subroutine
5 points
square() function in assembly generates the correct runtime stack up to the first JUMP instruction in the square subroutine
5 points
sumOfSquares in assembly performs functionally identical to the sumOfSquares() function in the provided C code, taking the proper inputs, performing the task, and returning the proper output
10 points
square in assembly performs functionally identical to the sumOfSquares() function in the provided C code, taking the proper inputs, performing the task, and returning the proper output
10 points
The correct calculation of the sum of each squared array value is stored in main() return value location of the runtime stack even when a different array is used:
(for example {1, 5, 10, 2, 19, 10} = 591)
10 points
Total
45 points