MatDatePicker: Support custom day of month formats

[mightypenguin]

Bug, feature request, or proposal:

feature request

What is the expected behavior?

Ability to provide custom format string for day of month numbers in month view.

What is the current behavior?

Cannot define this behavior.

What are the steps to reproduce?

What is the use-case or motivation for changing an existing behavior?

We need to display day of month and day of year for each cell in the datepicker month view.
e.g
10 11 12
115 116 117

Which versions of Angular, Material, OS, TypeScript, browsers are affected?

Angular 7, Material 7

Is there anything else we should know?

[mightypenguin]

This issue has NOT been addressed by adding custom CSS styling.
I want to change the actual day format for each day in the month view from "1" "2" "3" to another Moment format for instance "01" "02".

Please reopen.

[angular-robot]

Just a heads up that we kicked off a community voting process for your feature request. There are 20 days until the voting process ends.

Find more details about Angular's feature request process in our documentation.

[mightypenguin]

An example of how ugly it is to do this currently:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/61906867/2904268

[angular-robot]

Thank you for submitting your feature request! Looks like during the polling process it didn't collect a sufficient number of votes to move to the next stage.

We want to keep Angular rich and ergonomic and at the same time be mindful about its scope and learning journey. If you think your request could live outside Angular's scope, we'd encourage you to collaborate with the community on publishing it as an open source package.

You can find more details about the feature request process in our documentation.