[Format][FlightSQL] Spec refers to "uint1" type (which seems Java specific) rather than "uint8"

[alamb]

Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

While implement FlightSQL in our project, we found that the FlightSql.proto format reference refers to a type unit1 (not uint16 or uint8)

arrow/format/FlightSql.proto

Lines 1327 to 1328 in 6432a23

	* update_rule: uint1 not null,
	* delete_rule: uint1 not null

What uint1 means was slightly unclear as the Arrow spec refers to "Int" types with bitWidth of 8, 16, 32 or 64 but the rust implementation has UInt8, UInt16, UInt32 and UInt64.

arrow/format/Schema.fbs

Lines 145 to 148 in 6432a23

	table Int {
	bitWidth: int; // restricted to 8, 16, 32, and 64 in v1
	is_signed: bool;
	}

Go uses uint8:

arrow/go/arrow/flight/flightsql/schema_ref/reference_schemas.go

Line 66 in 6432a23

{Name: "update_rule", Type: arrow.PrimitiveTypes.Uint8, Nullable: false},

C++ uses uint8:

arrow/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/server.cc

Line 1145 in 6432a23

field("pk_key_name", utf8(), true), field("update_rule", uint8(), false),

Java uses "UINT1"

arrow/java/flight/flight-sql/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/sql/FlightSqlProducer.java

Lines 851 to 852 in 6432a23

	Field.notNullable("update_rule", MinorType.UINT1.getType()),
	Field.notNullable("delete_rule", MinorType.UINT1.getType())));

Reading the Java Arrow implementation, it appears to use the term UINT1 for 8 bit integers:

arrow/java/vector/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/vector/ipc/JsonFileReader.java

Lines 368 to 381 in 6432a23

	BufferReader UINT1 = new BufferReader() {
	@Override
	protected ArrowBuf read(BufferAllocator allocator, int count) throws IOException {
	final long size = (long) count * TinyIntVector.TYPE_WIDTH;
	ArrowBuf buf = allocator.buffer(size);
	for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
	parser.nextToken();
	buf.writeByte(parser.getShortValue() & 0xFF);
	}
	return buf;
	}
	};

However, inconsistently, while other parts of the flightsql spec refer to uint32

arrow/format/FlightSql.proto

Line 34 in 6432a23

* info_name: uint32 not null,

The Java code uses UINT4 for this

arrow/java/flight/flight-sql/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/sql/FlightSqlProducer.java

Line 874 in 6432a23

Field.notNullable("info_name", UINT4.getType()),

Proposal

I propose that we change the proto spec to be consistent and use uint<bitwidth> to refer to integer types. So specifically, change uint1 to uint8 to match C++/Rust/Go as well as the convention in the rest of Flight.proto

Here is the reference to details of our discussion https://github.com/influxdata/influxdb_iox/pull/7532/files#r1165307397

Component(s)

Format