Updated the calculator with some extra functions [GSSOC '23]

Binary-Calculator-GUI/script.py

@@ -1,124 +1,87 @@
 from tkinter import *
+
 window = Tk()
 window.title("Standard Binary Calculator")
 window.resizable(0, 0)
 
-
+# Function to clear the entry field
 def f1():
     s = e1_val.get()
     e1.delete(first=0, last=len(s))
 
-
+# Function to add "1" to the entry field
 def f2():
     s = e1_val.get()
     e1.insert(END, "1")
 
-
+# Function to add "0" to the entry field
 def f3():
     s = e1_val.get()
     e1.insert(END, "0")
 
-
+# Function to evaluate the expression and display the result
 def f4():
-    x = 0
     s = e1_val.get()
-    for i in range(0, len(s)):
-        if s[i] == '/' or s[i] == 'X' or s[i] == '+' or s[i] == '-':
-            a = s[0:i]
-            b = s[i + 1:len(s)]
-            if s[i] == '-':
-                x = sub(int(a), int(b))
-            elif s[i] == '/':
-                x = int(int(a) / int(b))
-            elif s[i] == 'X':
-                x = int(int(a) * int(b))
-            elif s[i] == '+':
-                x = int(add(int(a), int(b)))
-
+    result = evaluate_expression(s)
     e1.delete(first=0, last=len(s))
-    e1.insert(END, "")
-    e1.insert(END, str(x))
+    e1.insert(END, result)
+
+# Function to add "+" operator to the entry field
+def f5():
+    e1.insert(END, "+")
+
+# Function to add "-" operator to the entry field
+def f6():
+    e1.insert(END, "-")
+
+# Function to add "/" operator to the entry field
+def f7():
+    e1.insert(END, "/")
 
+# Function to add "X" operator to the entry field
+def f8():
+    e1.insert(END, "X")
+
+# Function to negate the sign of the number in the entry field
+def negate():
+    s = e1_val.get()
+    if s.startswith("-"):
+        e1_val.set(s[1:])
+    else:
+        e1_val.set("-" + s)
 
-def bin_to_dec(n):
+# Function to delete the last character in the entry field
+def backspace():
+    s = e1_val.get()
+    e1_val.set(s[:-1])
+
+# Function to convert binary to decimal
+def binary_to_decimal(n):
     num = n
     dec_value = 0
     base = 1
     temp = num
-    while (temp):
+    while temp:
         last_digit = temp % 10
-        temp = int(temp / 10)
-
+        temp = temp // 10
         dec_value += last_digit * base
         base = base * 2
     return dec_value
 
-
-def add(x, y):
-    a = bin_to_dec(x)
-    b = bin_to_dec(y)
-    c = a + b
-    d = bin(c).replace("0b", "")
-    return d
-
-
-def sub(x, y):
-    a = bin_to_dec(x)
-    b = bin_to_dec(y)
-    c = a - b
-    d = bin(c).replace("0b", "")
-    return d
-
-
-def f5():
-    x = 0
-    s = e1_val.get()
-    flag = 1
-    for i in range(0, len(s)):
-        if s[i] == '/' or s[i] == 'X' or s[i] == '+' or s[i] == '-':
-            flag = 0
-            a = s[0:i]
-            b = s[i + 1:len(s)]
-            if s[i] == '-':
-                x = sub(int(a), int(b))
-            elif s[i] == '/':
-                x = int(int(a) / int(b))
-            elif s[i] == 'X':
-                x = int(int(a) * int(b))
-            elif s[i] == '+':
-                x = int(add(int(a), int(b)))
-    if flag == 0:
-        e1.delete(first=0, last=len(s))
-        e1.insert(END, str(x))
-    e1.insert(END, "+")
-
-
-def f6():
-    x = 0
-    s = e1_val.get()
-    flag = 1
-    for i in range(0, len(s)):
-        if s[i] == '/' or s[i] == 'X' or s[i] == '+' or s[i] == '-':
-            flag = 0
-            a = s[0:i]
-            b = s[i + 1:len(s)]
-            if s[i] == '-':
-                x = sub(int(a), int(b))
-            elif s[i] == '/':
-                x = int(int(a) / int(b))
-            elif s[i] == 'X':
-                x = int(int(a) * int(b))
-            elif s[i] == '+':
-                x = int(add(int(a), int(b)))
-    if flag == 0:
-        e1.delete(first=0, last=len(s))
-        e1.insert(END, str(x))
-    e1.insert(END, "-")
-
-
-def f7():
+# Function to convert decimal to binary
+def decimal_to_binary(n):
+    if n == 0:
+        return '0'
+    binary = ''
+    while n > 0:
+        binary = str(n % 2) + binary
+        n = n // 2
+    return binary
+
+# Function to evaluate the expression
+def evaluate_expression(expression):
     x = 0
-    s = e1_val.get()
+    s = expression
     flag = 1
     for i in range(0, len(s)):
         if s[i] == '/' or s[i] == 'X' or s[i] == '+' or s[i] == '-':
@@ -134,50 +97,48 @@ def f7():
             elif s[i] == '+':
                 x = int(add(int(a), int(b)))
     if flag == 0:
-        e1.delete(first=0, last=len(s))
-        e1.insert(END, str(x))
-    e1.insert(END, "/")
+        return str(x)
+    return ""
 
+# Function to perform binary addition
+def add(x, y):
+    a = binary_to_decimal(x)
+    b = binary_to_decimal(y)
+    c = a + b
+    d = decimal_to_binary(c)
+    return d
 
-def f8():
-    x = 0
-    s = e1_val.get()
-    flag = 1
-    for i in range(0, len(s)):
-        if s[i] == '/' or s[i] == 'X' or s[i] == '+' or s[i] == '-':
-            flag = 0
-            a = s[0:i]
-            b = s[i + 1:len(s)]
-            if s[i] == '-':
-                x = sub(int(a), int(b))
-            elif s[i] == '/':
-                x = int(int(a) / int(b))
-            elif s[i] == 'X':
-                x = int(int(a) * int(b))
-            elif s[i] == '+':
-                x = int(add(int(a), int(b)))
-    if flag == 0:
-        e1.delete(first=0, last=len(s))
-        e1.insert(END, str(x))
-    e1.insert(END, "X")
-
+# Function to perform binary subtraction
+def sub(x, y):
+    a = binary_to_decimal(x)
+    b = binary_to_decimal(y)
+    c = a - b
+    d = decimal_to_binary(c)
+    return d
 
+# Creating a StringVar to store the value of the entry field
 e1_val = StringVar()
+
+# Creating the entry field
 e1 = Entry(window, textvariable=e1_val, width=50)
 e1.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)
 
+# Creating number buttons
 b1 = Button(window, text="1", width=8, height=2, command=f2)
 b1.grid(row=1, column=0)
 
 b0 = Button(window, text="0", width=8, height=2, command=f3)
 b0.grid(row=1, column=1)
 
+# Creating clear button
 clear = Button(window, text="C", width=8, height=2, command=f1)
 clear.grid(row=1, column=2)
 
+# Creating equals button
 beq = Button(window, text="=", width=8, height=2, command=f4)
 beq.grid(row=1, column=3)
 
+# Creating operator buttons
 badd = Button(window, text="+", width=8, height=2, command=f5)
 badd.grid(row=2, column=0)
 
@@ -190,4 +151,29 @@ def f8():
 bdiv = Button(window, text="/", width=8, height=2, command=f7)
 bdiv.grid(row=2, column=3)
 
+# Creating additional buttons
+bnegate = Button(window, text="+/-", width=8, height=2, command=negate)
+bnegate.grid(row=3, column=0)
+
+bbackspace = Button(window, text="⌫", width=8, height=2, command=backspace)
+bbackspace.grid(row=3, column=1)
+
+bbinary = Button(window, text="Bin to Dec", width=12, height=2, command=on_binary)
+bbinary.grid(row=3, column=2)
+
+bdecimal = Button(window, text="Dec to Bin", width=12, height=2, command=on_decimal)
+bdecimal.grid(row=3, column=3)
+
+# Function to convert binary to decimal and update entry field
+def on_binary():
+    s = e1_val.get()
+    decimal = binary_to_decimal(s)
+    e1_val.set(decimal_to_binary(decimal))
+
+# Function to convert decimal to binary and update entry field
+def on_decimal():
+    s = e1_val.get()
+    binary = decimal_to_binary(int(s))
+    e1_val.set(binary)
+
 window.mainloop()