Use latest stable version from GitHub.

The new Dysco storage manager needs GSL, and Python 2 support is now
disabled by default.

We need a new stable version every two months...

Since we don't install the Python 2 bindings (called "python") anymore,
it is safe to remove patches to that part of the code.

Replace the old patch with a fix to the Dysco tests which was recently
added to the development version in casacore/casacore#1350. This should
be removed when we move to the next casacore release.

We almost always want Python bindings. Rather disable Python explicitly
with `--without-python` in case you don't.

This is mostly to advertise the git replace mechanism used to link
the older (ska-sa) commits before 2021 to the latest casacore project
ones. This step (done per cloned local repository) allows `git log`,
`git blame` and other commands to treat the two disparate histories
as one.

For the record, I followed these instructions:

https://steemit.com/git/@sushrest/merging-2-repositories-to-preserve-history-using-grafting

I ran `brew tap-new --no-git test/tap` to get the latest GitHub
workflows and copied the template over the existing ones. I might as
well mention brew bundles in the README as well.

Ideally I would have liked to rename master branch to main instead, but
this is in the midst of a PR with an open branch and it would therefore
have been messy.