Java Glossary (unordonned)

JDK (Java Developement Kit): Set of native librairies available with the java langage.
JRE (Java Runtime Environment): Executable environment of java programs.
JVM (Java Virtual Machine): Environment that ensure the compatibility / operability which allows the JRE to work on a machine.
JSE (Java Standard Edition / J2SE): Includes among others the JDK which itself own the JRE. It is the default package which ensure the functioning of desktop applications.
JAVA EE (Enterprise Edition): Infrastructure which allow to handle the functioning of a distribued application. It is more complet than JSE and offer web application handling.
Distribued Application (N-tiers): Software Architecture allowing to execute a program on multiple computers. ie client, application serber and the B&D.
Tomcat: Name of an application server from APACHE.
URI (Uniform Resource Identifier): Allow to localise a resource (link).
URN (Uniform Resource Name): Allow to name a resource (ie name of a file).
URL (Uniform Resource Locator): Conjunction of URI and URN (link + name).
JWS (Java Web Start): Allow the smooth deployment of application through the network with the installation from a browser.
Applet: Java program that we start from a browser. Depreciated technologie, prefer JWS (Java Web Start).
Servlet: As a "Controller" and the "View" at the same time (processing and presentation). It recieve an HTTP request, transfer it to the Model (Classes), retrieve the result and update the View by generating dynamically a HTML page.
JSP (Java Server Page): The JSP in conjonction with the Servlet which play a controller role while itself update the View by generating the HTML page dynamically. There are html page with a ".jsp' extension
Maven: Give the possibility to automate some tasks (compilation, unit test and app deployment), handle dependency regarding librairies, generating documentation ....
Container: A virtual environment in whome, for example an application can be executed (ie Docker). Each containers can have a specific role.
Thread: An execution unit from a program that work in an autonomous manner in parallel to another thread and are part of a limited pool. There are parents and children threads.