MongoDB Installation Setup for Windows

Configure MongoDB server with authentication and replica set.

Table of Contents

• MongoDB Installation Setup for Windows
  • Table of Contents
  • Software Application Requirements
  • Step-by-step Instruction
  • Database Backup and Restore
  • Disclaimer

Software Application Requirements

1. OpenSSL v3
2. MongoDB Server Community Edition
3. Mongo Shell

Step-by-step Instruction

1. Install all the required applications. Make sure to check if environment variables are properly setup/installed to run mongod, mongosh and openssl from command-line.

2. Now lets enable replica set.

   Open mongod.cfg file in your favorite text editor and edit the replica set section

   replication:
     replSetName: "[name]"

   Note: You may set any name for replSetName property.

   Restart MongoDB server.

   Run a termimal and type following command to enable replica set.

   #run mongo shell without authentication
   mongosh
   
   #to initiate replica set
   rs.initiate()

3. Create key file. This key file is use to allow authentication with replica set.

   Suppose you want to create the key to "C:\keyfile" directory with "key.pem" key file name, run the following commands:

   mkdir C:\keyfile
   
   openssl rand -base64 756 > C:\keyfile\key.pem
   
   icacls.exe C:\keyfile\key.pem /reset
   icacls.exe C:\keyfile\key.pem /GRANT:R "$($env:USERNAME):(R)"
   icacls.exe C:\keyfile\key.pem /inheritance:r

   Note: You may change filename and file path location as much as you like.

4. Run mongo shell to add new user with admin previlege with the following command:

   mongosh
   
   use admin
   
   db.createUser(
     {
       user:'[user]',
       pwd:'[password]',
       roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" }, "readWriteAnyDatabase" ]
     }
   )

   Note: Change user and password as needed.

   To check newly added user, run the following commands:

   use admin
   
   db.getUsers()

   To add user for specific database, run the following command:

   use [database]
   db.createUser(
     {
       user:'[user]',
       pwd:'[password]',
       roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: '[database]'} ]
     }
   )

5. Now its time to enable authentication.

   Copy the key file from Step 3 to where mongod.exe is located i.e. C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\[version]\bin.

   Open mongod.cfg using text editor with admin previledge and update the security section:

   security:
     authorization: enabled
     keyFile: C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\[version]\bin\key.pem
   
   
   

6. If you install MongoDB as a service without authentication, remove the existing service by running this command

   mongod --remove

7. Then it is necessary to create a new service for MongoDB

   mongod --journal --config "C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\[version]\bin\mongod.cfg" --dbpath "C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\[version]\data" --auth --install

8. Make sure MongoDB service is running

9. Once MongoDB service is up running, open a terminal and run mongo shell with the following commands:

   #Supply user and password setup on step 6.
   mongosh -u [user]
   
   #Then enter user password

10. Congratulations!!! You have successfully configure MongoDB Server 🎉👏👏👏👏

---

Database Backup and Restore

Make sure you install MongoDb Database Tools

• Backup MongoDB database

  To back MongoDB database use the following command:

  #To create directory
  mkdir "C:\back-up"
  cd "C:\back-up"
  
  #To backup database
  mongodump -u [user] --authenticationDatabase admin --db [database name] 
  
  #Then enter user password

  You can also specified output location with "--out=[output folder path]".

  Note: When output directory is not specified backup database will be created in ".\dump\[database name]" folder.

• Restore MongoDB database

  To restore MongoDB database use the following command

  mongorestore -u [user] --authenticationDatabase admin --db [database name] [database folder path]
  
  #Then enter user password

Disclaimer

This is created for personal use. In no event shall the author be liable for any claim, damages or other liability in connection with this instruction. Use this at your OWN RISK.⚠️