Replaced set |= operator with update() to avoid unneeded temporary set

django/db/models/base.py

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
             if base not in parents or not hasattr(base, '_meta'):
                 # Things without _meta aren't functional models, so they're
                 # uninteresting parents.
-                inherited_attributes |= set(base.__dict__.keys())
+                inherited_attributes.update(base.__dict__)
                 continue
 
             parent_fields = base._meta.local_fields + base._meta.local_many_to_many

django/db/models/sql/query.py

@@ -1017,7 +1017,7 @@ def prepare_lookup_value(self, value, lookups, can_reuse, allow_joins=True):
                     )
                     # The used_joins for a tuple of expressions is the union of
                     # the used_joins for the individual expressions.
-                    used_joins |= set(k for k, v in self.alias_refcount.items() if v > pre_joins.get(k, 0))
+                    used_joins.update(k for k, v in self.alias_refcount.items() if v > pre_joins.get(k, 0))
         # For Oracle '' is equivalent to null. The check needs to be done
         # at this stage because join promotion can't be done at compiler
         # stage. Using DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS isn't nice, but it is the best we

django/test/utils.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from functools import wraps
 from io import StringIO
+from itertools import chain
 from types import SimpleNamespace
 from unittest import TestCase, skipIf, skipUnless
 from xml.dom.minidom import Node, parseString
@@ -85,11 +86,7 @@ def keys(self):
         """
         Flattened keys of subcontexts.
         """
-        keys = set()
-        for subcontext in self:
-            for dict in subcontext:
-                keys |= set(dict.keys())
-        return keys
+        return set(chain.from_iterable(d for subcontext in self for d in subcontext))
 
 
 def instrumented_test_render(self, context):