Android ELF issues on MacOSX Sequoia

[gsmiro]

Description

Building a MAUI app targeting net9.0-android generates an app that crashes every time. During compilation, the following messages are generated

dotnet build -f net9.0-android --no-incremental
  NexumInsights net9.0-android êxito(s) com 4 aviso(s) (77,7s) → bin/Debug/net9.0-android/NexumInsights.dll
    /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.Android.Sdk.Darwin/35.0.101/tools/Xamarin.Android.Common.targets(2208,2): warning : Attempt to check whether 'obj/Debug/net9.0-android/app_shared_libraries/arm64-v8a/libxamarin-app.so' is a correctly aligned ELF file failed with exception, ignoring alignment check for the file.
    /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.Android.Sdk.Darwin/35.0.101/tools/Xamarin.Android.Common.targets(2208,2): warning : 
      Given stream is not a proper ELF file.
         at ELFSharp.ELF.ELFReader.Load(Stream stream, Boolean shouldOwnStream)
         at ELFSharp.ELF.ELFReader.Load(String fileName)
         at Xamarin.Android.Tasks.ELFHelper.AssertValidLibraryAlignment(TaskLoggingHelper log, Int32 alignmentInPages, String path, ITaskItem item) in /Use
      rs/runner/work/1/s/xamarin-android/src/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tasks/Utilities/ELFHelper.cs:line 29
    /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.Android.Sdk.Darwin/35.0.101/tools/Xamarin.Android.Common.targets(2208,2): warning : Attempt to check whether 'obj/Debug/net9.0-android/app_shared_libraries/x86_64/libxamarin-app.so' is a correctly aligned ELF file failed with exception, ignoring alignment check for the file.
    /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.Android.Sdk.Darwin/35.0.101/tools/Xamarin.Android.Common.targets(2208,2): warning : 
      Given stream is not a proper ELF file.
         at ELFSharp.ELF.ELFReader.Load(Stream stream, Boolean shouldOwnStream)
         at ELFSharp.ELF.ELFReader.Load(String fileName)
         at Xamarin.Android.Tasks.ELFHelper.AssertValidLibraryAlignment(TaskLoggingHelper log, Int32 alignmentInPages, String path, ITaskItem item) in /Use
      rs/runner/work/1/s/xamarin-android/src/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tasks/Utilities/ELFHelper.cs:line 29
Construir êxito(s) com 4 aviso(s) em 78,6s

in adb logcat i find the following

9-21 12:42:58.952  6229  6229 D nativeloader: Load /data/app/~~x0-xZdzpR2HummQiTe1Z8g==/com.nexum.nexuminsights-SLtbz76QGPcCcR_qDuqX3Q==/lib/arm64/libmonosgen-2.0.so using ns clns-7 from class loader (caller=/data/app/~~x0-xZdzpR2HummQiTe1Z8g==/com.nexum.nexuminsights-SLtbz76QGPcCcR_qDuqX3Q==/base.apk!classes2.dex): ok
09-21 12:42:58.954  6229  6229 D nativeloader: Load /data/app/~~x0-xZdzpR2HummQiTe1Z8g==/com.nexum.nexuminsights-SLtbz76QGPcCcR_qDuqX3Q==/lib/arm64/libxamarin-app.so using ns clns-7 from class loader (caller=/data/app/~~x0-xZdzpR2HummQiTe1Z8g==/com.nexum.nexuminsights-SLtbz76QGPcCcR_qDuqX3Q==/base.apk!classes2.dex): dlopen failed: "/data/app/~~x0-xZdzpR2HummQiTe1Z8g==/com.nexum.nexuminsights-SLtbz76QGPcCcR_qDuqX3Q==/lib/arm64/libxamarin-app.so" has bad ELF magic: 00000000
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       : onError
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       : com.google.android.apps.gsa.shared.speech.b.l: errorCode: 65561, engine: 2
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.staticplugins.bp.a.f.a(PG:23)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.s3.o.hg(PG:13)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.ch.g.a.f.e(PG:9)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.speech.k.a.g.d(PG:162)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.speech.k.a.g.iN(PG:26)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.s3.p.c(PG:102)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.s3.q.run(PG:1)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:487)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.shared.util.c.a.e.run(PG:12)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.shared.util.c.a.bg.run(PG:3)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.shared.util.c.a.bg.run(PG:3)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:644)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1012)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.shared.util.c.a.l.run(PG:42)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       : Caused by: com.google.android.apps.gsa.shared.speech.b.n: errorCode: 65586, engine: 2
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.s3.o.hg(PG:6)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      ... 14 more
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       : Caused by: com.google.android.apps.gsa.shared.speech.b.j: errorCode: 401, engine: 2
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.assistant.shared.n.i.b(PG:30)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.s3.producers.j.hq(PG:11)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      at com.google.android.apps.gsa.speech.k.a.g.d(PG:135)
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 E A       :      ... 12 more
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 W A       : Failed to sync device settings.
09-21 12:42:58.956  5191  5191 I A       : Retrying to sync device settings.
09-21 12:42:58.957  6229  6229 D AndroidRuntime: Shutting down VM
09-21 12:42:58.960  6229  6229 E AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
09-21 12:42:58.960  6229  6229 E AndroidRuntime: Process: com.nexum.nexuminsights, PID: 6229
09-21 12:42:58.960  6229  6229 E AndroidRuntime: java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: dlopen failed: "/data/app/~~x0-xZdzpR2HummQiTe1Z8g==/com.nexum.nexuminsights-SLtbz76QGPcCcR_qDuqX3Q==
/lib/arm64/libxamarin-app.so" has bad ELF magic: 00000000

The app gets deployed to the android simulator but crashes when opening it.

MacBook Pro 13" M1 2020

• Host: macOS Sequoia 15.6.1 (Apple Silicon)
• IDE: VS Code 1.104.0
• Framework: .NET 9
• Targets: Android 15 + iOS 18.6

dotnet --info
.NET SDK:
 Version:           9.0.305
 Commit:            3fc74f3529
 Workload version:  9.0.300-manifests.993c7b89
 MSBuild version:   17.14.21+8929ca9e3

Ambiente de runtime:
 OS Name:     Mac OS X
 OS Version:  15.6
 OS Platform: Darwin
 RID:         osx-arm64
 Base Path:   /usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk/9.0.305/

Cargas de trabalho do .NET instaladas:
 [maui-android]
   Origem da Instalação: SDK 9.0.300
   Versão do Manifesto:    9.0.82/9.0.100
   Caminho do Manifesto:       /usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk-manifests/9.0.100/microsoft.net.sdk.maui/9.0.82/WorkloadManifest.json
   Tipo de Instalação:        FileBased

 [maui]
   Origem da Instalação: SDK 9.0.300
   Versão do Manifesto:    9.0.82/9.0.100
   Caminho do Manifesto:       /usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk-manifests/9.0.100/microsoft.net.sdk.maui/9.0.82/WorkloadManifest.json
   Tipo de Instalação:        FileBased

Configurado para usar loose manifests ao instalar novos manifestos.

Host:
  Version:      9.0.9
  Architecture: arm64
  Commit:       893c2ebbd4

.NET SDKs installed:
  9.0.305 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/sdk]

.NET runtimes installed:
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 7.0.13 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 9.0.9 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 7.0.13 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 9.0.9 [/usr/local/share/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

Other architectures found:
  x64   [/usr/local/share/dotnet/x64]

Environment variables:
  Not set

global.json file:
  Not found

sdkmanager --list_installed
[=======================================] 100% Fetch remote repository...       
Installed packages:
  Path                                                           | Version | Description                         | Location                                                      
  -------                                                        | ------- | -------                             | -------                                                       
  build-tools;30.0.3                                             | 30.0.3  | Android SDK Build-Tools 30.0.3      | build-tools/30.0.3                                            
  cmdline-tools;5.0                                              | 5.0     | Android SDK Command-line Tools      | cmdline-tools/5.0                                             
  emulator                                                       | 36.1.9  | Android Emulator                    | emulator                                                      
  patcher;v4                                                     | 1       | SDK Patch Applier v4                | patcher/v4                                                    
  platform-tools                                                 | 36.0.0  | Android SDK Platform-Tools          | platform-tools                                                
  platforms;android-35                                           | 2       | Android SDK Platform 35             | platforms/android-35                                          
  system-images;android-35-ext14;google_apis_playstore;arm64-v8a | 1       | Google Play ARM 64 v8a System Image | system-images/android-35-ext14/google_apis_playstore/arm64-v8a

Steps to Reproduce

1. Create a MAUI project on VSCode using the MAUI extensions suggested steps
2. Change platform targets to net9.0-ios,net9.0-android
3. run attached script run-android.sh: starts the emulator and installs the app
4. open the app on the emulator

[Project .csproj

sh used to build and load app

](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/22453340/NexumInsights.-.copia_csproj.txt)

Link to public reproduction project repository

No response

Version with bug

9.0.100 SR10

Is this a regression from previous behavior?

Not sure, did not test other versions

Last version that worked well

Unknown/Other

Affected platforms

Android

Affected platform versions

Android 15

Did you find any workaround?

No. I tried to rebuild the workloads and also downgrade to android 34, but the current version only allows 35 and 36.

Relevant log output

[similar-issues-ai]

We've found some similar issues:

• .Net9 Android Release Precompiling failed runtime#111200 , similarity score: 84%
• Runs in Windows Emulator, Throws System.NullReferenceException error in Android Emulator. Don't know where to start. maui#10249 , similarity score: 84%
• .net8 maui ios app crashing on startup on actual device  maui#24932 , similarity score: 81%

If any of the above are duplicates, please consider closing this issue out and adding additional context in the original issue.

Note: You can give me feedback by 👍 or 👎 this comment.

[grendello]

@gsmiro can you run the build from a clean state (after removing the bin and obj directories) with the -bl switch passed to build in addition to the other flags? After it fails, please upload msbuild.binlog here as well as the libxamarin-app.so libraries that fail to verify. Thanks!

[gsmiro]

Hello,

I renamed the files to .debug in order to be able to upload them. For libxamarin-app.so I appended the platform because the ELF compilation warning mentions both, although I'm targeting arm.

msbuild.binlog.debug

libxamarin-app.so.arm.debug

libxamarin-app.so.x86.debug

[grendello]

@gsmiro thanks for the files! This is... unexpected :) Both libxamarin-app libraries are completely filled with 0s, there's no content there whatsoever. There are no compilation/linking errors in the bin log, though, so it seems that, as far as the native tooling is concerned, everything went fine. At this point I have no idea what might be going on, so let's check a few more things first.

Please attach the following files from your build (you can just put them in a zip archive):

obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/typemaps.arm64-v8a.o
obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/typemaps.x86_64.o
obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/environment.arm64-v8a.o
obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/environment.x86_64.o
obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/compressed_assemblies.arm64-v8a.o
obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/compressed_assemblies.x86_64.o
obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/marshal_methods.arm64-v8a.o
obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/marshal_methods.x86_64.o
obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/jni_remap.arm64-v8a.o
obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/jni_remap.x86_64.o

After collecting them, let's test if linking works outside of msbuild. Open terminal on your machine, change current directory to the root of your project and run:

/usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.Android.Sdk.Darwin/35.0.101/tools/Darwin/binutils/bin/ld --shared --allow-shlib-undefined --export-dynamic -soname libxamarin-app.so -z relro -z noexecstack --enable-new-dtags --build-id --warn-shared-textrel --fatal-warnings --fix-cortex-a53-843419 -m aarch64linux obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/typemaps.arm64-v8a.o obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/environment.arm64-v8a.o obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/compressed_assemblies.arm64-v8a.o obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/marshal_methods.arm64-v8a.o obj/Debug/net9.0-android/android/jni_remap.arm64-v8a.o -o /tmp/libxamarin-app.so -L "/usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.Android.Sdk.Darwin/35.0.101/tools/lib/android-arm64" -L "/usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.Android.Sdk.Darwin/35.0.101/tools/libstubs/android-arm64" -lc -z max-page-size=16384 

This is the exact command used by the build process to link libxamarin-app.so, the only thing I changed is the location of the resulting library - /tmp/libxamarin-app.so, please attach it as well, if the command ran without errors. If it had errors, please copy and paste all of them here.

Also, do you run any antivirus software on the machine? And is the directory where the project lives on a local drive or a network one?

[gsmiro]

Hello,
Here we go. So, I have to be true and say that I was running the project from a mounted disk, but after your message I moved the entire project folder to the laptop hard drive and ran the tests again. I'm adding the files you requested before to the zip just in case.

os.zip