#275 string interpolation tutorial for C# #1317

mgroves · 2016-12-09T19:44:28Z

C# tutorial for string interpolation

Summary

This is for #275 via up-for-grabs.

Details

This tutorial covers the basics of string interpolation with the $ symbol. It does not dive deep into string formatting, other than referencing that it is syntactic sugar for String.Format and that interpolated strings can be assigned to IFormattable.

Suggested Reviewers

Would love a review from anyone, maybe @BillWagner would be best?

dnfclas · 2016-12-09T19:44:32Z

Hi @mgroves, I'm your friendly neighborhood .NET Foundation Pull Request Bot (You can call me DNFBOT). Thanks for your contribution!

In order for us to evaluate and accept your PR, we ask that you sign a contribution license agreement. It's all electronic and will take just minutes. I promise there's no faxing. https://cla2.dotnetfoundation.org.

TTYL, DNFBOT;

dnfclas · 2016-12-09T19:48:35Z

@mgroves, Thanks for signing the contribution license agreement so quickly! Actual humans will now validate the agreement and then evaluate the PR.

Thanks, DNFBOT;

BillWagner · 2016-12-09T20:04:32Z

@mgroves I'll give this a thorough review by the end of the day Monday.

One meta-item I found is how you are including the code. We've got CI builds in place to verify that all the samples build and run correctly. The DocFx engine can pull that code into the markdown files. See this section in our contributing guide: https://github.com/dotnet/docs/blob/master/styleguide/template.md#code

Another advantage is that users can download the final sample. It will be great if you have questions adding the sample.

mgroves · 2016-12-09T20:29:42Z

Okay, I will check that out. I have a sample project, just didn't commit it anywhere yet.

mgroves · 2016-12-12T16:04:20Z

@BillWagner based on the guide, I just committed snippets. Hopefully I did it correctly. If so, it's pretty similar to how I write blogs and include source code with AsciiDoctorFX (minus the automated part).

mgroves · 2016-12-12T18:51:57Z

@BillWagner looks like I did something wrong with the code-csharp snippets. The path looks correct to me, so is there some other syntax I'm missing?

BillWagner · 2016-12-12T19:00:43Z

@mgroves I was just reviewing this. The snippet includes "concepts", whereas the path to the file does not:

[!code-csharp[String.Format example](../../../samples/snippets/csharp/concepts/new-in-6/string-interpolation.cs#StringFormatExample)]

vs.

samples/snippets/csharp/new-in-6/string-interpolation.cs

BillWagner

Matt,

Overall, this looks good. There's a few items to fix, and then it should be ready to go.

BillWagner · 2016-12-12T19:04:10Z

docs/csharp/tutorials/string-interpolation.md

+
+# String Interpolation in C#
+
+## Introduction


It looks like you haven't filled this bit in yet.

goodness how did I forget to finish that

BillWagner · 2016-12-12T19:05:43Z

docs/csharp/tutorials/string-interpolation.md

+
+## Intro to String Interpolation
+
+With `String.Format`, you would specify "placeholders" in a string that would be replaced by the parameters following the string. For instance:


If you use '@System.String.Format' this will become a link to the API reference. (It will display 'String.Format')

BillWagner · 2016-12-12T19:07:40Z

docs/csharp/tutorials/string-interpolation.md

+
+[!code-csharp[Interpolation internationalization example](../../../samples/snippets/csharp/concepts/new-in-6/string-interpolation.cs#InterpolationInternationalizationExample)]  
+
+For localization, keep in mind that instead of `{0}` style placeholders, you are now storing variable names, which means they must match up with variable names at runtime. If a variable name is not found, then a runtime error will be generated.


These are checked at compile time, not runtime.

The errors you describe are for any interpolated string, not just those that are cast as IFormattableStrings.

I'd move this section above the section on localization.

BillWagner · 2016-12-12T19:07:58Z

docs/csharp/tutorials/string-interpolation.md

+
+[!code-csharp[Interpolation localization example](../../../samples/snippets/csharp/concepts/new-in-6/string-interpolation.cs#InterpolationLocalizationExample)]  
+
+If you run this, you'll get exceptions:


You'll get compiler errors, not runtime exceptions

BillWagner · 2016-12-12T19:16:51Z

samples/snippets/csharp/new-in-6/string-interpolation.cs

+            // <StringFormatExample>
+            var firstName = "Matt";
+            var lastName = "Groves";
+            var str = String.Format("My name is {FirstName} {LastName}", firstName, lastName);


This will throw an exception. You want:

String.Format("My name is {0} {1}", firstName, lastName);

BillWagner · 2016-12-12T19:18:12Z

samples/snippets/csharp/new-in-6/string-interpolation.cs

+        {
+            // <InterpolationLocalizationExample>
+            var animal = "fox";
+            var localizeMe = $"The {adj} brown {animal} jumped over the lazy {otheranimal}";


Because these won't compile, you should put them inline in the markdown file, using the ``` syntax. Otherwise, the CI build will fail.

BillWagner · 2016-12-12T19:19:51Z

docs/csharp/tutorials/string-interpolation.md

+
+Behind the scenes, this string interpolation syntax gets translated into String.Format by the compiler. So, you can do the same type of stuff you've done before with String.Format.
+
+For instance, you can add padding and numeric formatting:


Let's add a link to the format strings doc https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dwhawy9k(v=vs.110).aspx here to explain how that works.

(We'll catch and update those links when that section in MSDN is migrated).

BillWagner · 2016-12-12T19:20:16Z

samples/snippets/csharp/new-in-6/string-interpolation.cs

+            // <InterpolationExample>
+            var firstName = "Matt";
+            var lastName = "Groves";
+            var str = $"My name is {firstName} {lastName}");


There's a trailing ')' that will cause a build error here.

…rom BillWagner

mgroves · 2016-12-13T20:52:22Z

@BillWagner I'm not sure what's wrong now: I corrected the code and I even found one more issue with a missing namespace.

BillWagner · 2016-12-13T20:54:52Z

@mgroves We are having some issues with our build system at the moment. I'll kick off a new build once I hear that the build system is working well again.

Thanks for your patience.

mairaw · 2016-12-14T23:08:29Z

The doc builds are working again. You can ignore the Windows CI build.

BillWagner · 2016-12-15T16:42:37Z

docs/csharp/tutorials/string-interpolation.md

+
+## Introduction
+
+String Interpolation is the way that placeholders in a string are replaced by the value of a string variable. Before C# 6, the way to do this is with `System.String.Format`. This works okay, but since it uses numbered placeholders, it can be harder to read an more verbose.


typo: 'an' => 'and'

BillWagner · 2016-12-15T16:43:07Z

docs/csharp/tutorials/string-interpolation.md

+
+# String Interpolation in C#
+
+## Introduction


nit: I'd remove the "Introduction" header.

BillWagner · 2016-12-15T16:44:08Z

@mgroves I found one typo, and I'd recommend removing the "Introduction" header (it's usually assumed).

After you fix the typo, I'll merge it.

Thanks again for your contributions. We really appreciate it.

mgroves · 2016-12-15T16:45:46Z

Glad to be of service, I might pick up some more of these when I get some time (if that's okay with you)

BillWagner · 2016-12-15T18:18:43Z

@mgroves Thanks for your question on this issue that relates to this PR. I'd forgotten to mention two quick changes that you'll need to make on this PR so this shows up in the doc set.

Update docs/toc.md to include a link to this file in the C# Guide / Tutorials section.
Update docs/csharp/tutorials/index.md to include a short description of this tutorial, with a link to the topic.

I'm sorry I forgot to mention that earlier. 😞

mairaw · 2016-12-15T18:19:24Z

There is some metadata that needs to be updated to use our new values as well. We can do after you merge @BillWagner!

BillWagner · 2016-12-15T18:47:05Z

@mairaw I like that idea.

@mgroves I'll merge this now, and I'll handle the TOC updates, the metadata updates and the intro. This will be live some time tomorrow.

@mairaw

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#275 string interpolation tutorial for C#

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BillWagner Dec 15, 2016

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		## Intro to String Interpolation

		With `String.Format`, you would specify "placeholders" in a string that would be replaced by the parameters following the string. For instance:


		[!code-csharp[Interpolation internationalization example](../../../samples/snippets/csharp/concepts/new-in-6/string-interpolation.cs#InterpolationInternationalizationExample)]

		For localization, keep in mind that instead of `{0}` style placeholders, you are now storing variable names, which means they must match up with variable names at runtime. If a variable name is not found, then a runtime error will be generated.


		[!code-csharp[Interpolation localization example](../../../samples/snippets/csharp/concepts/new-in-6/string-interpolation.cs#InterpolationLocalizationExample)]

		If you run this, you'll get exceptions:


		Behind the scenes, this string interpolation syntax gets translated into String.Format by the compiler. So, you can do the same type of stuff you've done before with String.Format.

		For instance, you can add padding and numeric formatting:


		## Introduction

		String Interpolation is the way that placeholders in a string are replaced by the value of a string variable. Before C# 6, the way to do this is with `System.String.Format`. This works okay, but since it uses numbered placeholders, it can be harder to read an more verbose.

#275 string interpolation tutorial for C# #1317

#275 string interpolation tutorial for C# #1317

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mgroves commented Dec 9, 2016

C# tutorial for string interpolation

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mgroves commented Dec 13, 2016

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