ESP32-S2 SD card SPI mode on custom pins fails to mount?

[Lawrence-RedFern]

Hardware:

Board: ESP32-S2 Custom Board
Core Installation version: 2.0.0
IDE name: Arduino IDE/Visual Studio
Flash Frequency: 80MHz
PSRAM enabled: No
Upload Speed: 921600
Computer OS: Windows 10

Description:

I am trying to run the SD Card example on my ESP32-S2 custom board with custom assigned pins, but it does not seem to work. I have tried multiple variations of setting up the SPI but the SD card always fails to mount. Using SPI2/HSPI causes the program to hang at SPI.begin(), so I am only able to use SPI3.

I have tried doing:

SPIClass * sd_spi = NULL;
sd_spi = new SPIClass(3);
sd_spi->begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CLK, PIN_SPI_SD_MISO, PIN_SPI_SD_MOSI, -1);
pinMode(PIN_SPI_SD_CS, OUTPUT);

SPIClass * sd_spi = NULL;
sd_spi = new SPIClass(3);
sd_spi->begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CLK, PIN_SPI_SD_MISO, PIN_SPI_SD_MOSI, PIN_SPI_SD_CS);

SPIClass sd_spi = SPIClass(3);
sd_spi.begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CLK, PIN_SPI_SD_MISO, PIN_SPI_SD_MOSI, PIN_SPI_SD_CS);

SPIClass sd_spi = SPIClass(3);
sd_spi.begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CLK, PIN_SPI_SD_MISO, PIN_SPI_SD_MOSI, -1);
pinMode(PIN_SPI_SD_CS, OUTPUT);

Here is the whole sketch. I can see in the data sheet that SPI2 and SPI3 can be assigned to any GPIO pins, so I'm a little confused as to why these are not working. This sketch always returns from the line if (!SD.begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CS, sd_spi)), saying "Card Mount Failed". Upon entering this function I can debug and see that it is a mounting error, not an initialising error.

Any help on this would be appreciated.

#include "FS.h"
#include "SD.h"
#include "SPI.h"

#define PIN_SPI_SD_CS	        20
#define PIN_SPI_SD_MOSI	21
#define PIN_SPI_SD_MISO	11
#define PIN_SPI_SD_CLK	        26

SPIClass sd_spi = SPIClass(3);
// SPIClass sd_spi = SPIClass(2);
// SPIClass sd_spi = NULL;

void setup() {
    Serial.begin(115200);
    Serial.println(F("SD Card Test"));
    
    sd_spi.begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CLK, PIN_SPI_SD_MISO, PIN_SPI_SD_MOSI, -1);
    pinMode(PIN_SPI_SD_CS, OUTPUT);
    Serial.println(F("SD SPI begin"));

    if (!SD.begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CS, sd_spi))
    {
        Serial.println("Card Mount Failed");
        return;
    }
    uint8_t cardType = SD.cardType();

    if (cardType == CARD_NONE) {
        Serial.println("No SD card attached");
        return;
    }

    Serial.print("SD Card Type: ");
    if (cardType == CARD_MMC) {
        Serial.println("MMC");
    }
    else if (cardType == CARD_SD) {
        Serial.println("SDSC");
    }
    else if (cardType == CARD_SDHC) {
        Serial.println("SDHC");
    }
    else {
        Serial.println("UNKNOWN");
    }

    uint64_t cardSize = SD.cardSize() / (1024 * 1024);
    Serial.printf("SD Card Size: %lluMB\n", cardSize);

}

void loop() {

}

[chegewara]

For old esp32 please try to use HSPI or VSPI, i dont what values are asigned.
For esp32 S2 it is FSPI.
Here is full example:
https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/blob/master/libraries/SPI/examples/SPI_Multiple_Buses/SPI_Multiple_Buses.ino

[Lawrence-RedFern]

For esp32 S2 it is FSPI.
Here is full example:
https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/blob/master/libraries/SPI/examples/SPI_Multiple_Buses/SPI_Multiple_Buses.ino

sd_spi = new SPIClass(FSPI); // This would evaluate to SPI1?
Unfortunately this still results in 'Card Mount Failed' :(

[chegewara]

sd_spi.begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CLK, PIN_SPI_SD_MISO, PIN_SPI_SD_MOSI, -1);
maybe dont pass -1 for SS/CS pin? An make sure pin is setup before this line.

[chegewara]

As you can see it works for me:
https://github.com/chegewara/EspTinyUSB/blob/master/src/classes/msc/sdcard.cpp#L104-L125

[Lawrence-RedFern]

Here is a larger code snippet where I added in FSPI.

sd_spi = new SPIClass(FSPI);
Serial.println(F("SPIClass enabled"));
pinMode(PIN_SPI_SD_CS, OUTPUT);
sd_spi->begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CLK, PIN_SPI_SD_MISO, PIN_SPI_SD_MOSI, PIN_SPI_SD_CS);
//pinMode(PIN_SPI_SD_CS, OUTPUT);
//sd_spi.setFrequency(250000);
Serial.println(F("SD SPI begin"));

if (!SD.begin(PIN_SPI_SD_CS, *sd_spi))
{
    Serial.println("Card Mount Failed");
    return;
}

Could it be the hardware set up and my choice of GPIO pins?
#define PIN_SPI_SD_CS 20 <-- 47K Pull-up
#define PIN_SPI_SD_MOSI 21 <-- 47K Pull-up
#define PIN_SPI_SD_MISO 11 <-- 47K Pull-up
#define PIN_SPI_SD_CLK 26 <-- 47K Pull-down

[Lawrence-RedFern]

For some added information, the SD card I am trying to use is 16 GB

[chegewara]

• By default, IO26 is connected to the CS pin of the PSRAM and cannot be used for other functions.
And pin20 is USB, but if you are not using any of it then should be fine.
I am using SD cards up to 32GB.

[Lawrence-RedFern]

In my design I don't have it attached to the PSRAM. Here is an idea of how I have it wired

[Lawrence-RedFern]

I don't think this is an SPI issue, but is instead something to do with the SD card... Regardless, I am still confused as to why this isn't working! Please let me know if you have any ideas :)

[chegewara]

How about verbose log level and some logs?
Its really hard to say. Sometimes pullup resistors are required.

[Lawrence-RedFern]

Here is the verbose log:

SD SPI begin
[ 10591][W][sd_diskio.cpp:174] sdCommand(): no token received
[ 10691][W][sd_diskio.cpp:174] sdCommand(): no token received
[ 10791][W][sd_diskio.cpp:174] sdCommand(): no token received
[ 10891][E][sd_diskio.cpp:199] sdCommand(): Card Failed! cmd: 0x00
[ 10891][W][sd_diskio.cpp:510] ff_sd_initialize(): GO_IDLE_STATE failed
[ 10892][E][sd_diskio.cpp:790] sdcard_mount(): f_mount failed: (3) The physical drive cannot work
[ 10901][W][sd_diskio.cpp:174] sdCommand(): no token received
[ 11006][W][sd_diskio.cpp:174] sdCommand(): no token received
[ 11106][W][sd_diskio.cpp:174] sdCommand(): no token received
[ 11206][E][sd_diskio.cpp:199] sdCommand(): Card Failed! cmd: 0x00
Card Mount Failed

[chegewara]

There is few similar issues, maybe some will help:
https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues?q=is%3Aissue+GO_IDLE_STATE+failed+is%3Aclosed
#505

[lbernstone]

What does your SD module look like? If it has an LDO on board, you will need to feed it 5V.

[Lawrence-RedFern]

The signals feed directly into the ESP32-S2. The yellow box in this schematic is an SD card holder - the microSD plugs right in