feat(HTTPClient): add support for collecting all HTTP headers

[JakubAndrysek]

Description of Change

This pull request refactors the HTTP header collection logic in the HTTPClient library to use a std::vector for managing response headers, adds support for collecting all headers, and updates the example and CI configuration accordingly. The changes simplify memory management, improve flexibility, and make it easier to work with dynamic sets of headers.

Test Scenarios

Code was tested on ESP32 and ESP32S3

Related links

Closes issue #10802 … example, close #10802

[github-actions]

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Memory usage test (comparing PR against master branch)

The table below shows the summary of memory usage change (decrease - increase) in bytes and percentage for each target.

Memory	FLASH [bytes]		FLASH [%]		RAM [bytes]		RAM [%]
Target	DEC	INC	DEC	INC	DEC	INC	DEC	INC
ESP32C5	0	0	0.00	0.00	0	0	0.00	0.00
ESP32P4	0	0	0.00	0.00	0	0	0.00	0.00
ESP32S3	0	0	0.00	0.00	0	0	0.00	0.00
ESP32S2	0	0	0.00	0.00	0	0	0.00	0.00
ESP32C3	0	0	0.00	0.00	0	0	0.00	0.00
ESP32C6	0	0	0.00	0.00	0	0	0.00	0.00
ESP32	0	0	0.00	0.00	0	0	0.00	0.00

Click to expand the detailed deltas report [usage change in BYTES]

Target	ESP32C5		ESP32P4		ESP32S3		ESP32S2		ESP32C3		ESP32C6		ESP32
Example	FLASH	RAM	FLASH	RAM	FLASH	RAM	FLASH	RAM	FLASH	RAM	FLASH	RAM	FLASH	RAM
libraries/HTTPClient/examples/Authorization	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
libraries/HTTPClient/examples/BasicHttpClient	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
libraries/HTTPClient/examples/BasicHttpsClient	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
libraries/HTTPClient/examples/CustomHeaders	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
libraries/HTTPClient/examples/HTTPClientEnterprise	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
libraries/HTTPClient/examples/ReuseConnection	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
libraries/HTTPClient/examples/StreamHttpClient	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

[github-actions]

Test Results

 76 files   76 suites   13m 10s ⏱️
 38 tests  38 ✅ 0 💤 0 ❌
241 runs  241 ✅ 0 💤 0 ❌

Results for commit 69549c8.