Glacier Thickness Database (GlaThiDa)

This dataset adheres to the Frictionless Data Tabular Data Package specification. All metadata is provided in datapackage.json. This README is automatically generated from the contents of that file.

version 3.0.1+fixes
created
id glathida-development
description Internationally collected, standardized dataset on glacier thickness from in-situ and remotely sensed observations, based on data submissions, literature review and airborne data from NASA’s Operation IceBridge.

GlaThiDa is a contribution to the working group on Glacier ice thickness estimation (http://www.cryosphericsciences.org/wg_glacierIceThickEst.html), which was formed under the auspices of the International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS). The working group – led by Daniel Farinotti, Liss Marie Andreassen and Huilin Li – will ensure the continuation and expansion of GlaThiDa.

The data might be subject to errors and inaccuracies. Hence, we strongly suggest performing data quality checks and, in case of ambiguities, to contact us as well as the original investigators and agencies.

homepage https://www.gtn-g.ch/data_catalogue_glathida/
profile tabular-data-package
publisher World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS)
temporalCoverage 1935/2018-07-26
spatialCoverage Global
inLanguage en
license Open access for scientific and educational purposes under requirement of correct citation of the database (https://doi.org/10.5904/wgms-glathida-2019-03), related publication (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.09.003), and/or the original investigators, agencies, and references listed in the database.
citation GlaThiDa Consortium (2019): Glacier Thickness Database 3.0.1. World Glacier Monitoring Service, Zurich, Switzerland. DOI:10.5904/wgms-glathida-2019-03

To cite a subset of the data, refer to the investigators and references listed in the database. For example:

Dowdeswell et al. (2002), in: GlaThiDa Consortium (2019): Glacier Thickness Database 3.0.1. World Glacier Monitoring Service, Zurich, Switzerland. DOI:10.5904/wgms-glathida-2019-03

The GlaThiDa Consortium consists of the authors and contributors listed below.

Credits

Authors

People who have compiled and maintained GlaThiDa.

Ethan Welty, University of Colorado: Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, United States
Francisco Navarro, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid: Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Spain
Johannes Fürst, University of Erlangen–Nuremberg (FAU): Department of Geography, Germany
Isabelle Gärtner-Roer, University of Zürich, Switzerland
Johannes Landmann, University of Zürich, Switzerland
Kathrin Naegeli, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
Matthias Huss, University of Fribourg: Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), Switzerland
Thomas Knecht, University of Zürich, Switzerland
Horst Machguth, University of Zürich, Switzerland
Michael Zemp, University of Zürich, Switzerland

Contributors

People who have performed measurements, processed data, and/or submitted data to GlaThiDa, listed in alphabetical order by last name. This list does not include authors of published datasets which were added to GlaThiDa, without consultation, by the authors of GlaThiDa.

Jakob Abermann, Asiaq Greenland Survey, Greenland
Songtao Ai, Wuhan University, China
Brian Anderson, Victoria University of Wellington: Antarctic Research Centre, New Zealand
Liss Marie Andreassen, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), Norway
Serguei M. Arkhipov, Russian Academy of Sciences: Institute of Geography, Russia
Izumi Asaji, Hokkaido University, Japan
Andreas Bauder, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)–Zürich: Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), Switzerland
Jostein Bakke, University of Bergen: Department of Earth Sciences, Norway
Toby J. Benham, Scott Polar Research Institute, United Kingdom
Douglas I. Benn, University of Saint Andrews, United Kingdom
Daniel Binder, Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG), Austria
Elisa Bjerre, Technical University of Denmark: Arctic Technology Centre, Denmark
Helgi Björnsson, University of Iceland, Reykjavik
Norbert Blindow, Institute for Geophysics, University of Münster, Germany
Pascal Bohleber, Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW): Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (IGF), Austria
Eliane Brändle, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
Gino Casassa, University of Magallanes: GAIA Antarctic Research Center (CIGA), Chile
Jorge Luis Ceballos, Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM), Colombia
Julian A. Dowdeswell, Scott Polar Research Institute, United Kingdom
Felipe Andres Echeverry Acosta
Hallgeir Elvehøy, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), Norway
Rune Engeset, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), Norway
Daniel Farinotti, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Switzerland
Andrea Fischer, Institute of Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (IGF), Austria
Mauro Fischer, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
Gwenn E. Flowers, Simon Fraser University: Department of Earth Sciences, Canada
Erlend Førre, University of Bergen: Department of Earth Sciences, Norway
Yoshiyuki Fujii, National Institute of Polar Research, Japan
Johannes Fürst, University of Erlangen–Nuremberg (FAU): Department of Geography, Germany
Isabelle Gärtner-Roer, University of Zürich, Switzerland
Mariusz Grabiec, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
Jon Ove Hagen, University of Oslo, Norway
Svein-Erik Hamran, University of Oslo, Norway
Lea Hartl, Institute of Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (IGF), Austria
Robert Hawley, Dartmouth College, United States
Kay Helfricht, Institute of Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (IGF), Austria
Matthias Huss, University of Fribourg: Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), Switzerland
Elisabeth Isaksson, Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway
Jacek Jania, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
Robert W. Jacobel, Saint Olaf College: Physics Department, United States
Michael Kennett, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), Norway
Bjarne Kjøllmoen, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), Norway
Thomas Knecht, University of Zürich, Switzerland
Jack Kohler, Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway
Vladimir Kotlyakov, Russian Academy of Sciences: Institute of Geography, Russia
Steen Savstrup Kristensen, Technical University of Denmark: Department of Space Research and Space Technology (DTU Space), Denmark
Stanislav Kutuzov, University of Reading, United Kingdom
Johannes Landmann, University of Zürich, Switzerland
Javier Lapazaran, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
Tron Laumann, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), Norway
Ivan Lavrentiev, Russian Academy of Sciences: Institute of Geography, Russia
Huilin Li, Chinese Academy of Sciences: Tianshan Glaciological Station, China
Katrin Lindbäck, Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway
Peter Lisager, Asiaq Greenland Survey, Greenland
Horst Machguth, University of Zürich, Switzerland
Francisco Machío, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Spain
Gerhard Markl, Institute of Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (IGF), Austria
Enrico Mattea, University of Fribourg: Department of Geography, Switzerland
Kjetil Melvold, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), Norway
Laurent Mingo, Blue System Integration Ltd., Canada
Christian Mitterer, Institute of Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (IGF), Austria
Andri Moll, University of Zürich, Switzerland
Kathrin Naegeli, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
Francisco Navarro, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid: Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Spain
Ian Owens, University of Canterbury: Department of Geography, New Zealand
Finnur Pálsson, University of Iceland, Reykjavik
Rickard Pettersson, Uppsala University, Sweden
Rainer Prinz, University of Graz: Department of Geography and Regional Science, Austria
Ya.-M.K. Punning, Estonian Academy of Sciences (USSR Academy of Sciences-Estonia): Institute of Geology, Estonia
Antoine Rabatel, University Grenoble Alpes, France
Ian Raphael, Dartmouth College, United States
David Rippin, University of York, United Kingdom
Andrés Rivera, Center for Scientific Studies (CECs), Chile
José Luis Rodríguez Lagos, Center for Scientific Studies (CECs), Chile
John Sanders, University of California, Berkeley: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, United States
Albane Saintenoy, University of Paris-Sud, France
Arne Chr. Sætrang, Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway
Marius Schaefer, Austral University of Chile: Institute of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (ICFM), Chile
Stefan Scheiblauer, Environmental Earth Observation Information Technology (ENVEO IT GmbH), Austria
Thomas V. Schuler, University of Oslo, Norway
Heïdi Sevestre, University of Saint Andrews, United Kingdom
Bernd Seiser, Institute of Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (IGF), Austria
Ingvild Sørdal, University of Oslo: Department of Geosciences, Norway
Jakob Steiner, University of Utrecht: Faculty of Geosciences, Netherlands
Peter Alexander Stentoft, Technical University of Denmark: Arctic Technology Centre (ARTEK), Denmark
Martin Stocker-Waldhuber, Technical University of Denmark: Arctic Technology Centre (ARTEK), Denmark
Bernd Seiser, Institute of Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (IGF), Austria
Shin Sugiyama, Hokkaido University: Institute of Low Temperature Science, Japan
Rein Vaikmäe, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia
Evgeny Vasilenko, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan
Nat J. Wilson, Simon Fraser University: Department of Earth Sciences, Canada
Victor S. Zagorodnov, Russian Academy of Sciences: Institute of Geography, Russia
Rodrigo Zamora, Center for Scientific Studies (CECs), Chile
Michael Zemp, University of Zürich, Switzerland

Sources

Published datasets incorporated into GlaThiDa, listed in order of appearance. This list should not be considered complete.

Data structure

The dataset is composed of three tabular data files, referred to here as T, TT, and TTT. The metadata describing their structure follows the Frictionless Data Tabular Data Resource specification.

All data files share a common format, structure, and encoding:

format csv
mediatype text/csv
encoding utf-8
profile tabular-data-resource
dialect
- header true
- delimiter ,
- lineTerminator \n
- quoteChar "
- doubleQuote true
schema
- missingValues [""]

`T` Glacier thickness: Overview

description Glacier-wide data and summary metadata for each ice thickness survey.
path data/T.csv
schema
- primaryKey [GlaThiDa_ID]

`GlaThiDa_ID` Survey identifier

description Unique identifier assigned by the World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS) to each survey. Links the corresponding entries in tables T, TT, and TTT.

Note: For data submission, use your own identifier that is unique within your submitted data.

type integer
required true
unique true

`POLITICAL_UNIT` Glacier country

description Two-character code (ISO 3166 Alpha-2) of the country in which the glacier is located. A list of codes is available at https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/.
type string
required true
enum [AF, AX, AL, DZ, AS, AD, AO, AI, AQ, AG, AR, AM, AW, AU, AT, AZ, BS, BH, BD, BB, BY, BE, BZ, BJ, BM, BT, BO, BQ, BA, BW, BV, BR, IO, BN, BG, BF, BI, CV, KH, CM, CA, KY, CF, TD, CL, CN, CX, CC, CO, KM, CD, CG, CK, CR, CI, HR, CU, CW, CY, CZ, DK, DJ, DM, DO, EC, EG, SV, GQ, ER, EE, SZ, ET, FK, FO, FJ, FI, FR, GF, PF, TF, GA, GM, GE, DE, GH, GI, GR, GL, GD, GP, GU, GT, GG, GN, GW, GY, HT, HM, VA, HN, HK, HU, IS, IN, ID, IR, IQ, IE, IM, IL, IT, JM, JP, JE, JO, KZ, KE, KI, KP, KR, KW, KG, LA, LV, LB, LS, LR, LY, LI, LT, LU, MO, MK, MG, MW, MY, MV, ML, MT, MH, MQ, MR, MU, YT, MX, FM, MD, MC, MN, ME, MS, MA, MZ, MM, NA, NR, NP, NL, NC, NZ, NI, NE, NG, NU, NF, MP, NO, OM, PK, PW, PS, PA, PG, PY, PE, PH, PN, PL, PT, PR, QA, RE, RO, RU, RW, BL, SH, KN, LC, MF, PM, VC, WS, SM, ST, SA, SN, RS, SC, SL, SG, SX, SK, SI, SB, SO, ZA, GS, SS, ES, LK, SD, SR, SJ, SE, CH, SY, TW, TJ, TZ, TH, TL, TG, TK, TO, TT, TN, TR, TM, TC, TV, UG, UA, AE, GB, UM, US, UY, UZ, VU, VE, VN, VG, VI, WF, EH, YE, ZM, ZW]

`GLACIER_NAME` Glacier name

description The name of the glacier, written in capital letters (A-Z).

In order to ensure global interoperability of our dataset, glacier names should only contain the following characters: A-Z (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z), 0-9 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), - (dash), . (period), : (colon), () (parentheses), / (forward slash), ' (apostrophe), and (space). Characters which do not fall into the given range should be transliterated. If no Latin name exists or if it contains accents, please apply the following rules:

- Neglect the use of accents.
- If available, use the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards for transliteration (https://www.iso.org/ics/01.140.10/x/), neglecting the use of accents.
- Some specific rules apply: Å → AA, Æ → AE, Ä → AE, ð → D, Ø → OE, œ → OE, Ö → OE, ß → SS, þ → TH, Ü → UE.

If a name is too long, a meaningful abbreviation should be used. In this case, the full name should be listed in REMARKS.

type string
maxLength 60
pattern ^[0-9A-Z \-\.\:\/\']*$
required false

`GLACIER_DB` Glacier database

description The database to which GLACIER_ID refers, if provided.
- GLIMS: Global Land Ice Measurements from Space
- RGI: Randolph Glacier Inventory
- WGI: World Glacier Inventory
- FOG: Fluctuations of Glaciers
- OTH: Other (full name should be listed in REMARKS)
type string
required false
enum [GLIMS, RGI, WGI, FOG, OTH]

`GLACIER_ID` Glacier identifier

description Identifier of the glacier in the database specified in GLACIER_DB. For the Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI), the database version should be included as part of the glacier identifier (e.g. 'RGI60-07.00244').
type string
maxLength 14
required false

`LAT` Glacier latitude (°, WGS 84)

description Latitude in decimal degrees (°, WGS 84), with up to six decimal places. Positive values indicate the northern hemisphere and negative values indicate the southern hemisphere. Three decimal places may not be sufficient depending on the proximity to other glaciers.

The point (LAT, LON) should be in the upper part of the glacier ablation area, in the main channel, and sufficiently high so as not to be lost if the glacier retreats.

type number
minimum -90
maximum 90
pattern ^\-?[0-9]*(\.[0-9]{0,6})?$
required true

`LON` Glacier longitude (°, WGS 84)

description Longitude in decimal degrees (°, WGS 84), with up to six decimal places. Positive values indicate east of the zero meridian and negative values indicate west of the zero meridian. Three decimal places may not be sufficient depending on the proximity to other glaciers.

The point (LAT, LON) should be in the upper part of the glacier ablation area, in the main channel, and sufficiently high so as not to be lost if the glacier retreats.

type number
minimum -180
maximum 180
pattern ^\-?[0-9]*(\.[0-9]{0,6})?$
required true

`SURVEY_DATE` Survey date

description Date of the survey, formatted as YYYYMMDD (4-digit year, 2-digit month, and 2-digit day). Use '99' to designate unknown day or month (e.g. 20100199, 20109999). For surveys spanning multiple dates, the first date should be given and the dates further described in REMARKS.
type date
format %Y%m%d
required false

`ELEVATION_DATE` Surface elevation date

description Date of the provided surface elevations (e.g. TT.LOWER_BOUND, TT.UPPER_BOUND, TTT.ELEVATION), formatted as YYYYMMDD (4-digit year, 2-digit month, and 2-digit day). Use '99' to designate unknown day or month (e.g. 20100199, 20109999). For elevations spanning multiple dates, the first date should be given and the dates further described in REMARKS. The source – for example, the digital elevation model (DEM) from which elevations were extracted, or whether elevations were measured with satellite navigation during the survey – should be described in REMARKS.
type date
format %Y%m%d
required false

`AREA` Total area (km^2)

description Total glacier area (km^2), up to five decimal places. If the date for the area is different from ELEVATION_DATE, it should be noted in REMARKS.
type number
minimum 0
pattern ^[0-9]*(\.[0-9]{0,5})?$
required false

`MEAN_SLOPE` Mean glacier slope (°)

description Mean surface slope over the entire glacier (°), as an integer. If the date for the slope is different from ELEVATION_DATE, it should be noted in REMARKS.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 90
required false

`MEAN_THICKNESS` Mean glacier thickness (m)

description Mean ice thickness (m), as an integer. Ideally, this represents the interpolated mean over the entire glacier rather than the mean of the individual thickness measurements. Otherwise, it should be noted in REMARKS and DATA_FLAG should be set to '2'.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required false

`MEAN_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of mean glacier thickness (m)

description Estimated random error of MEAN_THICKNESS (m), as an integer.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required false

`MAXIMUM_THICKNESS` Maximum glacier thickness (m)

description Maximum ice thickness (m), as an integer.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required false

`MAX_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of maximum glacier thickness (m)

description Estimated random error of MAXIMUM_THICKNESS (m), as an integer.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required false

`SURVEY_METHOD` Survey method

description Survey method used.
- DRIh: Drilling (hydrothermal)
- DRIm: Drilling (mechanical)
- GPRa: Ground penetrating radar (airborne)
- GPRt: Ground penetrating radar (terrestrial)
- GPR: Ground penetrating radar (either both airborne and terrestrial, or unknown)
- GEL: Geoelectric
- HYM: Hydrometric
- SEI: Seismic
- OTH: Other (should be described in SURVEY_METHOD_DETAILS)
type string
enum [DRIh, DRIm, GPRa, GPRt, GPR, GEL, HYM, SEI, OTH]
required false

`SURVEY_METHOD_DETAILS` Survey method details

description Details useful to assess the uncertainty of the ice thickness measurements. For example, 'GPR full-range system, 100-MHz shielded antenna, constant wave velocity in ice of 0.168 m per ns.'
type string
required false

`NUMBER_OF_SURVEY_POINTS` Number of survey points

description Total number of survey points taken. Should be equal to either the number of points in table TTT, the number of points originally surveyed, or the number of points used to estimate the mean thickness over the glacier (T.MEAN_THICKNESS) or elevation intervals (TT.MEAN_THICKNESS). The specific meaning should be given in REMARKS.
type integer
minimum 0
required false

`NUMBER_OF_SURVEY_PROFILES` Number of survey profiles (#)

description Total number of survey profiles taken. Should be equal to either the number of listed profiles (i.e. the number of unique values of TTT.PROFILE_ID), the number of profiles originally surveyed, or the number of profiles used to estimate the mean thickness over the glacier (T.MEAN_THICKNESS) or elevation intervals (TT.MEAN_THICKNESS). The specific meaning should be given in REMARKS.
type integer
minimum 0
required false

`TOTAL_LENGTH_OF_SURVEY_PROFILES` Total length of survey profiles (km)

description Total length of survey profiles taken (km), up to two decimal places. Should be equal to either the total length of the listed profiles (i.e. the sum of the lengths of each profile, TTT.PROFILE_ID, based on the coordinates of the points, TTT.POINT_LAT and TTT.POINT_LON), the total length of the profiles originally surveyed, or the total length of the profiles used to estimate the mean thickness over the glacier (T.MEAN_THICKNESS) or elevation intervals (TT.MEAN_THICKNESS). The specific meaning should be given in REMARKS.
type number
minimum 0
pattern ^[0-9]*(\.[0-9]{0,2})?$
required false

`INTERPOLATION_METHOD` Interpolation method

description Interpolation method used to extrapolate ice thickness from survey points to the entire glacier.
- IDW: Inverse distance weighting
- KRG: Kriging
- ANU: ANUDEM, including ArcInfo TOPOGRID and ArcGIS Topo To Raster)
- TRI: Triangulation, including Triangulated irregular network (TIN)
- OTH: Other (should be described in REMARKS)
type string
enum [IDW, KRG, ANU, TRI, OTH]
required false

`INVESTIGATOR` Investigators

description Name of the people or agencies that performed the survey or processed the data. For people, both first and last name should be given, complemented by other identifiers such as their affiliation or ORCID (http://orcid.org).
type string
required false

`SPONSORING_AGENCY` Sponsoring agencies

description Name and location of the agencies that sponsored the survey or hold the data.
type string
required false

`REFERENCES` References

description References to published literature directly relating to the survey, including the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) or URL when available.
type string
required false

`DATA_FLAG` Data flag

description Whether glacier thickness is erroneous or limited to parts of the glacier. All issues should be described in REMARKS.
- 1: Erroneous glacier thickness
- 2: Glacier thickness limited to parts of glacier
- 3: Other issue
type integer
enum [1, 2, 3]
required false

`REMARKS` Remarks

description Any other important information about the survey not included elsewhere.
type string
required false

`TT` Glacier thickness: By elevation interval

description Glacier thickness by intervals of surface elevation, typically derived from maps of ice thickness.
path data/TT.csv
schema
- primaryKey [GlaThiDa_ID, SURVEY_DATE, LOWER_BOUND, UPPER_BOUND]
- foreignKeys
  - [1]
    - fields [GlaThiDa_ID]
    - reference
      - resource T
      - fields [GlaThiDa_ID]

`GlaThiDa_ID` Survey identifier

description Unique identifier assigned by the World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS) to each survey. Links the corresponding entries in tables T, TT, and TTT.

Note: For data submission, use your own identifier that is unique within your submitted data.

type integer
required true

`POLITICAL_UNIT` Glacier country

description Two-character code (ISO 3166 Alpha-2) of the country in which the glacier is located. A list of codes is available at https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/.
type string
required true
enum [AF, AX, AL, DZ, AS, AD, AO, AI, AQ, AG, AR, AM, AW, AU, AT, AZ, BS, BH, BD, BB, BY, BE, BZ, BJ, BM, BT, BO, BQ, BA, BW, BV, BR, IO, BN, BG, BF, BI, CV, KH, CM, CA, KY, CF, TD, CL, CN, CX, CC, CO, KM, CD, CG, CK, CR, CI, HR, CU, CW, CY, CZ, DK, DJ, DM, DO, EC, EG, SV, GQ, ER, EE, SZ, ET, FK, FO, FJ, FI, FR, GF, PF, TF, GA, GM, GE, DE, GH, GI, GR, GL, GD, GP, GU, GT, GG, GN, GW, GY, HT, HM, VA, HN, HK, HU, IS, IN, ID, IR, IQ, IE, IM, IL, IT, JM, JP, JE, JO, KZ, KE, KI, KP, KR, KW, KG, LA, LV, LB, LS, LR, LY, LI, LT, LU, MO, MK, MG, MW, MY, MV, ML, MT, MH, MQ, MR, MU, YT, MX, FM, MD, MC, MN, ME, MS, MA, MZ, MM, NA, NR, NP, NL, NC, NZ, NI, NE, NG, NU, NF, MP, NO, OM, PK, PW, PS, PA, PG, PY, PE, PH, PN, PL, PT, PR, QA, RE, RO, RU, RW, BL, SH, KN, LC, MF, PM, VC, WS, SM, ST, SA, SN, RS, SC, SL, SG, SX, SK, SI, SB, SO, ZA, GS, SS, ES, LK, SD, SR, SJ, SE, CH, SY, TW, TJ, TZ, TH, TL, TG, TK, TO, TT, TN, TR, TM, TC, TV, UG, UA, AE, GB, UM, US, UY, UZ, VU, VE, VN, VG, VI, WF, EH, YE, ZM, ZW]

`GLACIER_NAME` Glacier name

description The name of the glacier, written in capital letters (A-Z).

In order to ensure global interoperability of our dataset, glacier names should only contain the following characters: A-Z (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z), 0-9 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), - (dash), . (period), : (colon), () (parentheses), / (forward slash), ' (apostrophe), and (space). Characters which do not fall into the given range should be transliterated. If no Latin name exists or if it contains accents, please apply the following rules:

- Neglect the use of accents.
- If available, use the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards for transliteration (https://www.iso.org/ics/01.140.10/x/), neglecting the use of accents.
- Some specific rules apply: Å → AA, Æ → AE, Ä → AE, ð →D, Ø → OE, œ → OE, Ö → OE, ß → SS, þ → TH, Ü → UE.

If a name is too long, a meaningful abbreviation should be used. In this case, the full name should be listed in REMARKS.

type string
maxLength 60
pattern ^[0-9A-Z \-\.\:\/\']*$
required false

`SURVEY_DATE` Survey date

description Date that the ice thickness was surveyed in the elevation interval, formatted as YYYYMMDD (4-digit year, 2-digit month, and 2-digit day). Use '99' to designate unknown day or month (e.g. 20100199, 20109999). For surveys spanning multiple dates, the first date should be given and the dates further described in REMARKS.
type date
format %Y%m%d
required false

`LOWER_BOUND` Lower elevation bound (m)

description Lower boundary of the surface elevation interval (m), as an integer. Elevations should be relative to mean sea level (geoid) unless noted in REMARKS or T.REMARKS.
type integer
maxLength 4
required true

`UPPER_BOUND` Upper elevation bound (m)

description Upper boundary of the surface elevation interval (m), as an integer. Elevations should be relative to mean sea level (geoid) unless noted in REMARKS or T.REMARKS.
type integer
maxLength 4
required true

`AREA` Total interval area (km^2)

description Total glacier area (km^2), up to five decimal places, for the elevation interval. If the date for the area is different from ELEVATION_DATE, it should be noted in REMARKS.
type number
minimum 0
pattern ^[0-9]*(\.[0-9]{0,5})?$
required false

`MEAN_SLOPE` Mean interval slope (°)

description Mean surface slope (°), as an integer, for the elevation interval. If the date for the slope is different from ELEVATION_DATE, it should be noted in REMARKS.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 90
required false

`MEAN_THICKNESS` Mean interval thickness (m)

description Mean ice thickness (m), as an integer, for the elevation interval. Ideally, this is the interpolated mean of the entire elevation interval rather than the mean of the individual thickness measurements. Otherwise, it should be noted in REMARKS and DATA_FLAG should be set to '2'.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required true

`MEAN_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of mean interval thickness (m)

description Estimated random error of MEAN_THICKNESS (m), as an integer.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required false

`MAXIMUM_THICKNESS` Maximum interval thickness (m)

description Maximum ice thickness (m), as an integer, for the elevation interval.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required false

`MAX_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of maximum interval thickness (m)

description Estimated random error of MAXIMUM_THICKNESS (m), as an integer.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required false

`DATA_FLAG` Data flag

description Whether ice thickness is erroneous or limited to parts of the elevation interval. Issues specific to the elevation interval should be described in REMARKS while issues common to all elevation intervals should be described in T.REMARKS.
- 1: Erroneous ice thickness
- 2: Ice thickness limited to parts of elevation interval
- 3: Other issue
type integer
enum [1, 2, 3]
required false

`REMARKS` Remarks

description Any other important information about the survey – specific to the elevation interval – not included elsewhere.
type string
required false

`TTT` Glacier thickness: Point measurements

description Glacier thickness measured at specific points.
path data/TTT.csv
schema
- primaryKey [GlaThiDa_ID, SURVEY_DATE, PROFILE_ID, POINT_ID]
- foreignKeys
  - [1]
    - fields [GlaThiDa_ID]
    - reference
      - resource T
      - fields [GlaThiDa_ID]

`GlaThiDa_ID` Survey identifier

description Unique identifier assigned by the World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS) to each survey. Links the corresponding entries in tables T, TT, and TTT.

Note: For data submission, use your own identifier that is unique within your submitted data.

type integer
required true

`POLITICAL_UNIT` Glacier country

description Two-character code (ISO 3166 Alpha-2) of the country in which the glacier is located. A list of codes is available at https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search/code/.
type string
required true
enum [AF, AX, AL, DZ, AS, AD, AO, AI, AQ, AG, AR, AM, AW, AU, AT, AZ, BS, BH, BD, BB, BY, BE, BZ, BJ, BM, BT, BO, BQ, BA, BW, BV, BR, IO, BN, BG, BF, BI, CV, KH, CM, CA, KY, CF, TD, CL, CN, CX, CC, CO, KM, CD, CG, CK, CR, CI, HR, CU, CW, CY, CZ, DK, DJ, DM, DO, EC, EG, SV, GQ, ER, EE, SZ, ET, FK, FO, FJ, FI, FR, GF, PF, TF, GA, GM, GE, DE, GH, GI, GR, GL, GD, GP, GU, GT, GG, GN, GW, GY, HT, HM, VA, HN, HK, HU, IS, IN, ID, IR, IQ, IE, IM, IL, IT, JM, JP, JE, JO, KZ, KE, KI, KP, KR, KW, KG, LA, LV, LB, LS, LR, LY, LI, LT, LU, MO, MK, MG, MW, MY, MV, ML, MT, MH, MQ, MR, MU, YT, MX, FM, MD, MC, MN, ME, MS, MA, MZ, MM, NA, NR, NP, NL, NC, NZ, NI, NE, NG, NU, NF, MP, NO, OM, PK, PW, PS, PA, PG, PY, PE, PH, PN, PL, PT, PR, QA, RE, RO, RU, RW, BL, SH, KN, LC, MF, PM, VC, WS, SM, ST, SA, SN, RS, SC, SL, SG, SX, SK, SI, SB, SO, ZA, GS, SS, ES, LK, SD, SR, SJ, SE, CH, SY, TW, TJ, TZ, TH, TL, TG, TK, TO, TT, TN, TR, TM, TC, TV, UG, UA, AE, GB, UM, US, UY, UZ, VU, VE, VN, VG, VI, WF, EH, YE, ZM, ZW]

`GLACIER_NAME` Glacier name

description The name of the glacier, written in capital letters (A-Z).

In order to ensure global interoperability of our dataset, glacier names should only contain the following characters: A-Z (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z), 0-9 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), - (dash), . (period), : (colon), () (parentheses), / (forward slash), ' (apostrophe), and (space). Characters which do not fall into the given range should be transliterated. If no Latin name exists or if it contains accents, please apply the following rules:

- Neglect the use of accents.
- If available, use the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards for transliteration (https://www.iso.org/ics/01.140.10/x/), neglecting the use of accents.
- Some specific rules apply: Å → AA, Æ → AE, Ä → AE, ð →D, Ø → OE, œ → OE, Ö → OE, ß → SS, þ → TH, Ü → UE.

If a name is too long, a meaningful abbreviation should be used. In this case, the full name should be listed in REMARKS.

type string
maxLength 60
pattern ^[0-9A-Z \-\.\:\/\']*$
required false

`SURVEY_DATE` Survey date

description Date that the point was surveyed, formatted as YYYYMMDD (4-digit year, 2-digit month, and 2-digit day). Use '99' to designate unknown day or month (e.g. 20100199, 20109999).
type date
format %Y%m%d
required false

`PROFILE_ID` Profile identifier

description Identifier for the survey profile which the point belongs to (if applicable). Should serve to both distinguish between different profiles and to sort the profiles in the order in which they were collected (e.g. 1, 2, 3, ...).
type string
maxLength 8
required false

`POINT_ID` Point identifier

description Identifier for the point. Should serve to both distinguish between different points and to sort the profiles in the order in which they were collected (e.g. 1, 2, 3, ...).
type string
maxLength 8
required true

`POINT_LAT` Point latitude (°, WGS 84)

description Latitude in decimal degrees (°, WGS 84), with up to seven decimal places. Positive values indicate the northern hemisphere and negative values indicate the southern hemisphere.
type number
minimum -90
maximum 90
pattern ^\-?[0-9]*(\.[0-9]{0,7})?$
required true

`POINT_LON` Point longitude (°, WGS 84)

description Longitude in decimal degrees (°, WGS 84), with up to seven decimal places. Positive values indicate east of the zero meridian and negative values indicate west of the zero meridian.
type number
minimum -180
maximum 180
pattern ^\-?[0-9]*(\.[0-9]{0,7})?$
required true

`ELEVATION` Point elevation (m)

description Point elevation (m), as an integer. Elevations should be relative to mean sea level (geoid) unless noted in REMARKS or T.REMARKS.
type integer
maxLength 6
required false

`THICKNESS` Ice thickness (m)

description Ice thickness (m), as an integer, measured at the point.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required true

`THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of ice thickness (m)

description Estimated random error of THICKNESS (m), as an integer.
type integer
minimum 0
maximum 999999
required false

`DATA_FLAG` Data flag

description Whether ice thickness is erroneous. Issues specific to the point should be described in REMARKS while issues common to all points in the survey should be described in T.REMARKS.
- 1: Erroneous ice thickness
- 3: Other issue
type integer
enum [1, 3]
required false

`REMARKS` Remarks

description Any other important information about the survey – specific to the point – not included elsewhere.
type string
required false

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data		data
scripts		scripts
.gitattributes		.gitattributes
.gitignore		.gitignore
CHANGELOG.md		CHANGELOG.md
README.R		README.R
README.md		README.md
datapackage.json		datapackage.json

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Glacier Thickness Database (GlaThiDa)

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Data structure

T Glacier thickness: Overview

GlaThiDa_ID Survey identifier

POLITICAL_UNIT Glacier country

GLACIER_NAME Glacier name

GLACIER_DB Glacier database

GLACIER_ID Glacier identifier

LAT Glacier latitude (°, WGS 84)

LON Glacier longitude (°, WGS 84)

SURVEY_DATE Survey date

ELEVATION_DATE Surface elevation date

AREA Total area (km^2)

MEAN_SLOPE Mean glacier slope (°)

MEAN_THICKNESS Mean glacier thickness (m)

MEAN_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY Uncertainty of mean glacier thickness (m)

MAXIMUM_THICKNESS Maximum glacier thickness (m)

MAX_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY Uncertainty of maximum glacier thickness (m)

SURVEY_METHOD Survey method

SURVEY_METHOD_DETAILS Survey method details

NUMBER_OF_SURVEY_POINTS Number of survey points

NUMBER_OF_SURVEY_PROFILES Number of survey profiles (#)

TOTAL_LENGTH_OF_SURVEY_PROFILES Total length of survey profiles (km)

INTERPOLATION_METHOD Interpolation method

INVESTIGATOR Investigators

SPONSORING_AGENCY Sponsoring agencies

REFERENCES References

DATA_FLAG Data flag

REMARKS Remarks

TT Glacier thickness: By elevation interval

GlaThiDa_ID Survey identifier

POLITICAL_UNIT Glacier country

GLACIER_NAME Glacier name

SURVEY_DATE Survey date

LOWER_BOUND Lower elevation bound (m)

UPPER_BOUND Upper elevation bound (m)

AREA Total interval area (km^2)

MEAN_SLOPE Mean interval slope (°)

MEAN_THICKNESS Mean interval thickness (m)

MEAN_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY Uncertainty of mean interval thickness (m)

MAXIMUM_THICKNESS Maximum interval thickness (m)

MAX_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY Uncertainty of maximum interval thickness (m)

DATA_FLAG Data flag

REMARKS Remarks

TTT Glacier thickness: Point measurements

GlaThiDa_ID Survey identifier

POLITICAL_UNIT Glacier country

GLACIER_NAME Glacier name

SURVEY_DATE Survey date

PROFILE_ID Profile identifier

POINT_ID Point identifier

POINT_LAT Point latitude (°, WGS 84)

POINT_LON Point longitude (°, WGS 84)

ELEVATION Point elevation (m)

THICKNESS Ice thickness (m)

THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY Uncertainty of ice thickness (m)

DATA_FLAG Data flag

REMARKS Remarks

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`T` Glacier thickness: Overview

`GlaThiDa_ID` Survey identifier

`POLITICAL_UNIT` Glacier country

`GLACIER_NAME` Glacier name

`GLACIER_DB` Glacier database

`GLACIER_ID` Glacier identifier

`LAT` Glacier latitude (°, WGS 84)

`LON` Glacier longitude (°, WGS 84)

`SURVEY_DATE` Survey date

`ELEVATION_DATE` Surface elevation date

`AREA` Total area (km^2)

`MEAN_SLOPE` Mean glacier slope (°)

`MEAN_THICKNESS` Mean glacier thickness (m)

`MEAN_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of mean glacier thickness (m)

`MAXIMUM_THICKNESS` Maximum glacier thickness (m)

`MAX_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of maximum glacier thickness (m)

`SURVEY_METHOD` Survey method

`SURVEY_METHOD_DETAILS` Survey method details

`NUMBER_OF_SURVEY_POINTS` Number of survey points

`NUMBER_OF_SURVEY_PROFILES` Number of survey profiles (#)

`TOTAL_LENGTH_OF_SURVEY_PROFILES` Total length of survey profiles (km)

`INTERPOLATION_METHOD` Interpolation method

`INVESTIGATOR` Investigators

`SPONSORING_AGENCY` Sponsoring agencies

`REFERENCES` References

`DATA_FLAG` Data flag

`REMARKS` Remarks

`TT` Glacier thickness: By elevation interval

`GlaThiDa_ID` Survey identifier

`POLITICAL_UNIT` Glacier country

`GLACIER_NAME` Glacier name

`SURVEY_DATE` Survey date

`LOWER_BOUND` Lower elevation bound (m)

`UPPER_BOUND` Upper elevation bound (m)

`AREA` Total interval area (km^2)

`MEAN_SLOPE` Mean interval slope (°)

`MEAN_THICKNESS` Mean interval thickness (m)

`MEAN_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of mean interval thickness (m)

`MAXIMUM_THICKNESS` Maximum interval thickness (m)

`MAX_THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of maximum interval thickness (m)

`DATA_FLAG` Data flag

`REMARKS` Remarks

`TTT` Glacier thickness: Point measurements

`GlaThiDa_ID` Survey identifier

`POLITICAL_UNIT` Glacier country

`GLACIER_NAME` Glacier name

`SURVEY_DATE` Survey date

`PROFILE_ID` Profile identifier

`POINT_ID` Point identifier

`POINT_LAT` Point latitude (°, WGS 84)

`POINT_LON` Point longitude (°, WGS 84)

`ELEVATION` Point elevation (m)

`THICKNESS` Ice thickness (m)

`THICKNESS_UNCERTAINTY` Uncertainty of ice thickness (m)

`DATA_FLAG` Data flag

`REMARKS` Remarks

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