build: update jest, ts-jest to latest versions

[anonrig]

Even though it looks big, the PR is pretty straight forward.

• Bumped jest and jest related dependencies to latest version.
• Updated several jest.config.js to leverage ts-jest correctly.
• Replaced deprecated functions with correct ones.

This PR will enables us to simplify any future upgrades to Rollup.

[github-actions]

size-limit report 📦

Path	Size
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - Webpack (gzipped)	65.86 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - Webpack with treeshaking flags (gzipped)	59.46 KB (+0.01% 🔺)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing) - Webpack (gzipped)	31.12 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser - Webpack (gzipped)	21.38 KB (-0.01% 🔽)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped)	62.72 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing) - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped)	29.53 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser - ES6 CDN Bundle (gzipped)	21.6 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - ES6 CDN Bundle (minified & uncompressed)	197.46 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing) - ES6 CDN Bundle (minified & uncompressed)	89.32 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser - ES6 CDN Bundle (minified & uncompressed)	64.29 KB (0%)
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing) - ES5 CDN Bundle (gzipped)	32.22 KB (0%)
@sentry/react (incl. Tracing, Replay) - Webpack (gzipped)	66.25 KB (+0.01% 🔺)
@sentry/react - Webpack (gzipped)	21.42 KB (0%)
@sentry/nextjs Client (incl. Tracing, Replay) - Webpack (gzipped)	82.96 KB (+0.01% 🔺)
@sentry/nextjs Client - Webpack (gzipped)	48.21 KB (0%)
@sentry-internal/feedback - Webpack (gzipped)	16.17 KB (-0.13% 🔽)

[AbhiPrasad]

Closing in favour of #14108